德州里奥格兰德河谷移民执法升级冲击建筑业与社区选情动向

这里是《纽约时报》，我是迈克尔·巴尔巴罗。这里是《The Daily》。

英文原文

From The New York Times, I'm Michael Barbaro. This is The Daily.

在明天的选举中，全美预计几乎没有哪个地区会比德克萨斯州的里奥格兰德河谷更激烈地背离特朗普总统、倒向民主党，那里的生活因总统对移民的打击行动而发生了彻底的改变。

英文原文

In tomorrow's election, few regions of the country are expected to swing harder away from President Trump and toward Democrats than the Rio Grande Valley of Texas, where life has been transformed by the president's crackdown on immigration.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

在过去的一年里，我的同事、《Daily》制作人琳赛·加里森一直在报道这一转变，以及领导这场行动的令人意想不到的群体。

英文原文

>> For the past year, my colleague, Daily producer Lindsey Garrison, [music] has been reporting on that shift and the unlikely group [music] leading the charge.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

今天是11月2日，星期一。

英文原文

>> It's Monday, November 2nd.

当2025年初里奥格兰德河谷首次开始突击搜捕时，人们感到困惑。

英文原文

>> When the raids first started in the Rio Grande Valley in early 2025, people were confused.

诚然，有些有犯罪记录的人被抓了，但没有犯罪记录的人也一样被抓了，那些在这片靠近墨西哥边境的土地上生活了多年的人也是如此。

英文原文

Sure, some people with criminal records were getting picked up, but so were people who weren't criminals, people who had lived along this stretch of land near the Mexican border for years.

所以，人们感到害怕。有些人不再去上班，也不再去教堂了。

英文原文

So, people were scared. Some stopped going to work or going to church.

接着，ICE执法人员开始出现在工地上。

英文原文

And then, ICE agents started showing up at job sites.

视频开始流传，有的显示一名ICE执法人员拍了拍一名工人的后背，当时他和他的工友们正在浇筑一条混凝土车道，直到被戴上手铐的那一刻他们还在继续干活，

英文原文

Videos began to circulate, some showing an ICE agent tapping a worker on the back while he and his crew were in the middle of laying a concrete driveway, continuing to work until the moment they were handcuffed

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

脸上带着困惑的神情。

英文原文

>> with puzzled looks on their faces.

但与全国许多地方相比，搜捕以及对搜捕的反应似乎都发生得相当平静。

英文原文

But compared to many places across the country, the raids and the reaction to them seem to be happening fairly quietly.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

然后有一天，有人站出来发声了。

英文原文

>> And then one day, someone spoke out.

里奥格兰德河谷究竟怎么了？我是马里奥·格雷罗，我想——

英文原文

>> What's going on in Rio Grande Valley? It's Mario Guerrero here, and I want

一位名叫马里奥·格雷罗的开发商发布了一段视频敲响警钟。

英文原文

>> Developer named Mario Guerrero posted a video sounding the alarm.

因为这将会毁掉我们的经济。这将会毁掉房地产市场，

英文原文

>> Because this is going to ruin [music] our economy. It's going to ruin the housing market,

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

毁掉美国梦。

英文原文

>> the American dream.

在那个时候，这是我见过的唯一类似的事情。建筑行业里有人大声对这些搜捕提出异议。所以，我给他打了电话。

英文原文

>> At that time, it was the only thing I'd seen like it. Someone from the construction industry loudly speaking out about these raids. So, I called him.

喂，我是马里奥。

英文原文

>> Hello, it's Mario.

嘿马里奥，我是琳赛·加里森。非常感谢你抽时间和我有这一番交谈。我……我真的非常感激。我知道你肯定非常忙。

英文原文

>> Hey Mario, it's Lindsay Garrison. Thank you so much for your time talking with me. I'm I'm really grateful. I'm sure you're very busy.

我觉得现在用忙来形容都是轻的了。我现在就像一只无头苍蝇一样到处乱跑。

英文原文

>> I think busy is an understatement right now. I'm running around like a headless chicken.

[笑声]

英文原文

>> [laughter]

马里奥拥有一家建筑公司，并负责管理他父母建筑公司的商业运营。此外，他还拥有一家经纪公司。

英文原文

>> Mario owns a construction company and runs the business side of his parents' construction company. Plus, he owns a brokerage.

而且，他还是南德克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）的执行理事。这是一个由159家建筑和房地产企业组成的团体，大部分分布在里奥格兰德河谷各处。所以，他对情况有着全局的观察视角。

英文原文

But, he's also the executive director of the South Texas Builders Association, the STBA. It's a group of 159 construction and real estate businesses, mostly across the Rio Grande Valley. So, he's got a bird's-eye view of things.

眼下里奥格兰德河谷正在发生的事情，我是说，这……这太吓人了。[清嗓子] 我们有多个建筑商在浇筑车道时，你知道，移民局的人到了那里，他们就把所有人带走，一个都不留。而且这不仅是一家、两家或三家建筑商。可以说是超过10家建筑公司。我都想说已经达到15到20家了，这种情况发生得越来越频繁。所以，这给人们带来了很大的恐惧。

英文原文

>> Right now, what is happening in the Rio Grande Valley, I mean it it it's scary. [clears throat] We've had multiple builders that have been pouring driveways and, you know, immigration gets there and they just take everybody and they don't leave anyone behind. And it's not just one or two or three builders. It's like more than 10 construction companies. I want to say we're up in the 15-20s, where it's it's happening more and more. So, it's putting a lot of fear on people.

马里奥告诉我，他在去年春天开始注意到搜捕行动越来越多。

英文原文

>> Mario told me he started noticing more and more raids in the spring of last year.

他开始私下和STBA的其他成员谈论这件事。就像河谷的大多数人一样，他们也很困惑。

英文原文

He started talking about it privately with other members of the STBA. Like much of the valley, they were also confused.

于是，他们开始用群发短信来互通消息，并在某个工地发现ICE时提醒其他人。但在那之外，起初没有人知道该怎么做。

英文原文

So, they started using group text threads to compare notes and alert others if ICE was seen at a job site. But, beyond that, no one initially knew what to do.

而且他们觉得当地的领导人对此发声不够。

英文原文

And they felt their local leaders weren't speaking up enough about it.

我们的领导人都在哪里？

英文原文

>> Where are our leaders?

于是，在11月，马里奥和STBA的董事会召集了一次会议，面向河谷建筑界的任何人开放，让他们畅所欲言地谈论搜捕带来的冲击。

英文原文

>> So, in November, Mario and the board at the STBA called a meeting for anyone in the construction community of the valley to open up about the impact of the raids.

几天后，在当地一个平时用于举办婚礼和十五岁成人礼的活动中心里，高高的天花板上悬挂着铁艺吊灯，来自河谷建筑行业的数十人陆续走进来分享故事。

英文原文

And days later, in an area event center normally used for weddings and quinceañeras, with wrought iron chandeliers drooping from its high ceilings, dozens of people from the valley's construction [music] industry shuffled in to share stories.

这绝对是一次求救。纯粹就是这样。就是一次求救。我是说，而且我们现在依然在求救。

英文原文

>> It was definitely a cry for help. That's all it was. It was a cry for help. I mean, and we're still crying for help.

河谷的生意正遭受打击。

英文原文

>> Business in the Valley was hurting.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

他们感到困惑。想知道是不是犯了什么错误。以及犯下错误的，是不是他们自己。

英文原文

>> And they were perplexed. Wondering if maybe a mistake had been made. And whether they were the ones who made it.

天哪，我们到底干了什么？[音乐]

英文原文

>> Man, what did we do? [music]

因为他们中的许多人，如果不是绝大多数的话，都曾把票投给特朗普总统。

英文原文

>> Because many, if not most of them, had voted for President Trump.

我们特么的到底干了什么？

英文原文

>> What the [ __ ] did we do?

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

里奥格兰德河谷的复杂生态

里奥格兰德河谷其实根本不是什么河谷。

英文原文

>> The Rio Grande Valley [music] isn't really a valley at all.

它大多是一片紧挨着里奥格兰德河部分河段的平坦泛滥平原。沙漠柳点缀着这里的地貌。棕榈树在风中沙沙作响。这里的人称它为RGV，或者就叫河谷。

英文原文

It's a mostly flat flood plain that hugs part of the Rio Grande River. Desert willows dot the terrain here. Palm trees rattle in the wind. People here call it the RGV or just the Valley.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

它的四个县拥有全美最高的几处西班牙裔人口集中度。

英文原文

>> And its four counties have some of the highest Hispanic concentrations in the entire country.

这里的大多数人都不假思索地在英语和西班牙语之间自如切换。正如有人对我说的那样，这就像来到了夹在两个较大国家之间的另一个国家。

英文原文

Most people here slip in and out of Spanish without a second thought. As someone put it to me, it's like coming to another country between two larger ones.

几代人以来，河谷一直把票投给民主党。

英文原文

For generations, [music] the Valley voted Democrat.

但与其说它是蓝区，不如说它更偏向紫色。这是全国一个天主教氛围极深的地方，去教堂是每周的生活节奏。

英文原文

But it's more of a purple place than a blue one. It's a deeply [music] Catholic part of the country where attending church is a weekly rhythm.

大多数和我聊过的人都称自己是保守派或温和派。[音乐] 跨境商业和小微企业在这里帮助推动经济发展。

英文原文

Most people I've talked to call themselves conservative or moderate. [music] Cross-border commerce and small businesses help fuel the economy here.

边境巡逻队也是如此，它是河谷的一个庞大雇主。

英文原文

So does Border Patrol, a huge employer in the Valley.

距离边境如此之近，移民不是一句口号或一个政纲。这个议题的所有复杂性与细微曲折都是层层叠加在一起的。它就是生活的一部分。

英文原文

This close to the border, immigration is not a slogan or a platform. All of the complexities and intricacies of the issue are layered on top of one another. It's just a part of life.

所以在这里会有这样的景象：一家小教堂的牧师恰巧同时也是一名边境巡逻队员，正在向他那些无证的教区居民布道。

英文原文

So it's the kind of place where a reverend of a small church happens to also be a Border Patrol agent preaching to his undocumented congregants.

在这里，一家受欢迎的餐厅会给像ICE这样的执法人员提供早餐折扣和优惠。尽管在后厨接单或做饭的一些员工可能并不具备合法身份。一切都错综复杂地缠绕交织在一起。

英文原文

A place where a popular restaurant [music] gives breakfast discounts and deals to law enforcement like ICE. Even though some of the employees taking their order or cooking their food in the back may not have legal status. It's all tangled up and knotted together.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

所以，当全国范围内的移民政策出现重大变化时，河谷会最先受到冲击。这往往让人感觉像是一场地震般的气象事件，改变着一个地方的地貌。而在2021年，一场大事件来临了。

英文原文

>> So, when there's some big change in immigration policy nationally, it hits the valley first. And it can often feel like a seismic weather event, changing the topography of a place. And in 2021, a big one came.

美国历史上最大规模的移民激增潮在拜登政府时期达到了顶峰，降临到了里奥格兰德河谷。

英文原文

The largest immigration surge in US history, which peaked during the Biden administration, had landed in the Rio Grande Valley.

我们看到了，因为事情就发生在我们自家的后院。我们看到了。我们就在这里看到了。我们就是前线。天啊。我甚至还记得看到过像大篷车队一样的人群。

英文原文

>> We saw it because it was happening here in our backyard. We saw it. We saw it here. We're the front lines. Oh, man. I remember even seeing like the caravans of people.

成千上万的人正在涌向边境。

英文原文

>> Thousands of people were making their way to the border.

每天都会有100辆巴士开进开出那里，持续了将近4年。

英文原文

>> Daily, we would have 100 buses coming into there and out of there for almost 4 years.

有一段时间，每天有10,000名移民沿着南部边境进入美国。

英文原文

>> At one point, 10,000 immigrants a day were crossing into the United States along the southern border.

你会看到边境到处都是移民，就那样躺在那里。

英文原文

>> You would see the border full of immigrants just laying there.

就像是，我的天哪。这么多无证人员都要去哪里？

英文原文

>> Like, oh my god. Where are all these undocumented people going to?

人们告诉我，这震撼了河谷，并给这里的很多人带来了沉重的负担。

英文原文

>> People told me it rocked the valley and put a strain on so many here.

这里的边境巡逻队不堪重负。

英文原文

>> The border patrol here were overwhelmed.

比如边境巡逻队。

英文原文

>> Like border patrol.

而且这里的每个人都认识边境巡逻队员。

英文原文

>> And everybody here knows border patrol agents.

是的。

英文原文

>> Right.

他们有这么多人。你能看出那种压力。

英文原文

>> There's so many of them. You could see the stress.

河谷有两名边境巡逻队员在一周的时间里自杀了。

英文原文

>> Two border patrol agents in the valley killed themselves in the span of a week.

突然之间，入室盗窃变多了，抢劫变多了。

英文原文

>> All of a sudden, there's more break-ins, there's more robberies.

一些企业主告诉我，他们感觉犯罪率上升了。

英文原文

>> Some business owners told me they sensed a rise in crime.

我的意思是，作为一个企业主，我看到了。

英文原文

>> I mean, I saw it as a business owner.

一名男子告诉我，他开五金店门时发现他的铁丝网围栏被剪开了。一辆手推车被偷了，他猜测了是谁偷的。

英文原文

>> One man told me he'd open up his hardware store to find his chain link fence had been cut into. A wheelbarrow had been stolen, and he assumed who took it.

他们刚从某个不知道什么国家到这里，这……他们需要几块钱。他们需要吃饭。所以，这是可以理解的，不能宽容，但这是可以理解的。

英文原文

>> They just die here from some random country and this they need a couple bucks. They need to eat. So, that's understandable, not condonable, but it's understandable.

但是，这种挫败感不仅限于一辆被偷的手推车。整个局势激化了根深蒂固的不公平感。

英文原文

>> But, the frustration went beyond a stolen wheelbarrow. The whole situation inflamed [music] deeply held perceptions of unfairness.

我妻子是一名护士。曾经有几次她说其中一个房间里有非法移民，因为她们怀孕了，而且要在这里、在美国生孩子。

英文原文

>> My wife's a nurse. There was occasions where she would say there was illegals in one of the rooms cuz they're pregnant and it's going to have a baby here in the United States.

人们告诉我，他们觉得新来的人受到了优待。

英文原文

>> People told me they felt the new arrivals were getting preferential treatment.

而且她门口有警卫守着，然后她能拿到所有的药物，因为政府在为此买单。[音乐] 然而我隔壁房间里有美国公民，却因为她是公民而无法负担那种护理。

英文原文

>> And she's got a guard at the door and then she's getting all the medicines because the government's paying for it. [music] Yet I have American citizens in the next room that can't afford to have that type of care because she's a citizen.

并且在那些尝试了数月甚至数年想成为公民的人前面插队。

英文原文

>> And cutting the line in front of people who had been trying for months or even years to become a citizen.

因为所有这些难民、或者非法外国人——随便你想怎么称呼他们——涌过来的种种压力。所有那些曾……

英文原文

>> Because of all the pressure with all the refugees coming over here or the illegal aliens, whatever you want to call them. All the people that had

递交了材料，他们却没有足够的人手来处理所有这些新增的审批。

英文原文

submitted their paperwork, they don't have enough personnel to handle all this new processing.

比如当地一所学校的管理者告诉我，有一位教务长当时工作签证快要到期了。他按时提交了续签材料。

英文原文

>> Like an administrator of a local school who told me that a dean of students had a work visa that was about to expire. He submitted the paperwork to renew it on time.

对方说：“抱歉，我们积压了太多。还没排到你的档案。”

英文原文

>> They're like, "Sorry, we're so backed up. We haven't gotten to your file."

噢。

英文原文

>> Oh.

材料没能及时审批，签证就过期了。

英文原文

>> It wasn't processed in time and it expired.

那你就得回墨西哥。

英文原文

>> Then you need to go back to Mexico.

他的律师建议他返回墨西哥，以免非法滞留在美国境内，影响他入籍的进程。

英文原文

>> His lawyer advised him to return to Mexico so that he wasn't in the country illegally and jeopardizing his citizenship process. [music]

于是到了现在，差不多三年过去了。他仍然一直没拿到过来的签证。

英文原文

>> And so here we are almost 3 years later. He still has never gotten his visa to come over.

这些叙述有时是道听途说，往往描绘的画面并不完整。例如，据麦卡伦警察局称，2022年财产犯罪确实略有上升。但在该时期，全城的总体犯罪率实际上是下降的。而且边境上的积压，在拜登任期内激增之前就已经存在了。此外，虽然无证移民在紧急医疗情况下能得到保障救助，但美国公民同样也能。可即便如此，这一切汇聚在一起，依然形成了一种感受。

英文原文

>> These accounts were sometimes second and third hand and they often [music] painted an incomplete picture. For example, according to the McAllen Police Department, property crime did rise slightly in 2022. But overall crime was actually down in the city during this period. And that backlog at the border, it predated the surge under Biden. And while undocumented immigrants are guaranteed care in emergency medical situations, so are American citizens. But still, it all added up to a feeling.

所以我觉得那不公平，你懂吗？这跟他们是不是墨西哥人无关，也不是说我们不想让他们去争取更好的生活。

英文原文

>> So I see that that's not fair, you know? That has nothing to do with them being Mexican or us not wanting them to try to get a better

[music]

英文原文

>> [music]

生活。我们的父母来到这个国家也是为了努力给我们更好的生活，我很理解。但就是，人一多……

英文原文

>> life. That's why our parents came to this country to try to give us a better life and I understand it. But it's just an when you have so many people.

嘿，连天堂都有边界，对吧？不可能人人都进得去。

英文原文

>> Hey, even heaven has borders, right? Not everybody's going to make it in.

南德克萨斯建筑商会的红移与美国梦

在这一时期的南德克萨斯建筑商会（STBA），大家告诉我建筑生意当时红红火火。

英文原文

>> Over at the STBA during this period, people told me the construction business was humming along.

嗯，对啊，我们搞建筑顺风顺水。

英文原文

>> Well, yeah, we were we were building just fine.

但这并不意味着他们对人口涌入没有自己的抱怨。

英文原文

>> But that didn't mean they didn't have their own complaints about the influx of people.

哎，所以我认为本地很多人都投了特朗普先生。心想，行啊，对，要把移民全都赶出去。那好啊。兄弟，太好了。你就该把他们弄回去，因为他们进来的方式本就不正当。

英文原文

>> Well, that's why I believe a lot of people here locally were voting for Mr. Trump. Like, okay, yeah, we're going to take all the immigrants out. Well, great. Dude, great. You should take them back because the way that they came in was not right.

但在经历了多年投票支持民主党之后，河谷地区在上届大选中变红还有另一个原因。特朗普总统是个商人。而STBA的许多建筑商也是。因此，很多人在他的故事中看到了自己的一角和自己的抱负。

英文原文

>> But there was another reason the Valley turned red the last election after so many years of voting for Democrats. President Trump was a businessman. And a lot of the builders at the STBA were, too. So, many saw a piece of themselves and their aspirations in his story.

我跟你讲。我认为唐纳德·特朗普就是美国梦的化身。他父亲开创了一份事业，对吧？他父亲打下了底子。然后，他做了什么？他把事业传给了儿子。可大家却想为此去恨他。你干嘛要因为这个恨他？如果他父亲打下基业，现在能交到他手上，那就是美国梦。

英文原文

>> I'll tell you this. I believe that Donald Trump is is the epitome of the American dream. His dad started something, right? His dad started something. And then, what did he do? He passed it on to his son. And people want to hate on him for that. Why would you hate on him for that? If his dad built something and now his dad was able to give it to him, that's the American dream.

[music]

英文原文

>> [music]

感觉在全国其他地方，美国梦几乎被说成了过往的遗迹。但在里奥格兰德河谷，它是活生生的。它是真实的。我在STBA遇到的很多建筑商，都是接下父母建筑公司衣钵的儿子。或者他们自己是父亲，希望能把财富传给自己孩子。这有什么见不得人的？这正是他们各自家族来到这里追求的全部意义。所以，当工地开始遭到突击搜查，当局面轰然崩塌时，这大概是他们有生以来第一次，那个理念陷入了危机。

英文原文

>> It feels like in other parts of the country, the American dream is talked about [music] as almost a relic of the past. But in the Rio Grande Valley, it's alive. It's real. So many of these builders I've met at the STBA [music] were sons who took the mantle of their parents' construction company. Or they were fathers [music] hoping to pass their fortunes onto their own children. What was shameful about that? That was everything their own families had come here to do. So, when the raids started at the job sites, and when things came crashing down, it was the first [music] time, probably in their lifetimes, that that idea was in danger.

[music]

英文原文

>> [music]

反正，这里的讽刺之处在于，我们大家都投了特朗普。我们全都投了特朗普。我们全投了共和党。哥们儿，我们当时都是跟定特朗普的大队。上了特朗普的列车，真的是认真的。因为特朗普先生和他的政府当时就是这么讲的。他们说要去抓杀人犯和强奸犯。

英文原文

>> So, anyway, the irony here is that we all voted for Trump. We all voted for Trump. We all voted red. We were the guys on the Trump wagon, dude. On the Trump train, like for real. Because that's what the Mr. Trump and his administration said. That they were going to come after the murderers and the rapists.

你知道的，你承诺针对的是罪犯、强奸犯、杀人犯、猥亵者。当然，把他们全赶出去。

英文原文

>> You know, you promised criminals, rapists, murderers, molesters. Sure, get them all out.

抓最坏的那批人。可我是说，眼下你们要把所有人一网打尽。人人都成了罪犯。

英文原文

>> The worst of the worst. But I mean, right now you're going to tear everybody. Everyone is a criminal.

我们压根没想到你们指的是这些人——那些我认识、在这里呆了十年、每天干活创造价值的人。

英文原文

>> We didn't know you were talking about these people that I've known and been here for 10 years and they're working every day and adding value.

所以这真让人心里难受，因为你会觉得，哥们儿，这根本说不通啊。我是说，现在就像是……现在你开始怀疑那到底是不是正确的选择，在那时做那个决定到底对不对，你懂的。

英文原文

>> So it just it's it's kind of hard because you're like, dude, like it doesn't make any sense. I mean, now it's like now you start to wonder was it the correct choice, if that was the right decision to make at the time, you know.

工地突查与建筑行业劳工

先生，你是工长吗？

英文原文

>> Are you the foreman, sir?

突击搜查愈演愈烈。到了2025年冬，越来越多的视频流传开来：移民及海关执法局（ICE）探员爬上屋顶盘问工人，或者在底下冲着他们大喊，叫他们放下工具顺着梯子爬下来。监控摄像头拍下ICE车辆在居民区疾驰，追赶狂奔逃跑的男子。

英文原文

>> The raids just kept ramping up. By winter of 2025, more videos swirled around of ICE agents climbing on tops of roofs to question workers. Or shouting up at them. Telling them to put down their tools and climb down the ladder. Security cameras captured ICE vehicles speeding across subdivisions, chasing men who were sprinting away.

天天都有突击搜查。

英文原文

>> Every day there's a raid.

每天都是。天哪，天天如此。我们昨天刚被查过。光是今年，我们已经被查过九次了。

英文原文

>> Every day. Oh my lord, every day. We just got hit yesterday. This year alone we've been hit nine times.

瞧，就在现在，我另一个私聊群里，就在12点09分，ICE正在爱丁堡这边的拉古纳高地小区。所以我当时就心想，“我的天哪。”天天如此。每天他们都在袭击工地抓人。

英文原文

>> Look, right now on my other private chat group, right now at 12:09, ICE is in Laguna Heights subdivision here in Edinburg. So I was like, "Jesus Christ." It's every day. Every day they're hitting up sites picking up people.

很多工人害怕得不敢去上班，而那些去上班的人也冒着巨大风险。

英文原文

>> Many workers were too scared to show up at work, and those who did were taking a big risk.

我是说，我只得……还能说什么呢？只能压下恐慌，去把钱挣了。那是我们必须做的事。我是说，我们也就是这么做的。

英文原文

>> I mean, I had to what can you say? Just swallow the the panic and go out and and do the money. That's what we needed to do. And I mean, that's what we did.

比如出于安全考虑要求匿名的A。他是名结构工，在河谷生活了将近一辈子。他小时候父母把他从墨西哥带到了这里。搜查开始时，一位朋友提醒了他。

英文原文

>> Like A, who asked to remain anonymous for his safety. He's a framer and has lived in the valley almost all his life. His parents brought him here from Mexico when he was a small child. When the raid started, a friend warned him.

他们提醒我要小心。他们开始突查了。我当时说：“没这回事吧，没搞吧。”“不，真搞了。”他说：“他们刚搜查了我的工地。我还能给你打电话就算走运了，因为他们追我，但没抓到我。我给你打电话是因为你是我最亲近的朋友之一，我不想看到你被查。”从那时起，我们才知道事情严重了。

英文原文

>> They gave me careful. They started the raids. I'm like, "No, they did it." "No, they did." And he said, "They just raided my job site. I'm I'm lucky to even be calling you because they chased me down, but they couldn't catch me. And I'm calling you because you're one of my closest friends, and I don't want you to get raided." And that's when we we knew things were serious.

他很担心，但A家里有孩子全靠他的收入过活。所以，他觉得自己别无选择。

英文原文

>> He was worried, but A has kids at home who rely on his income. So, he didn't feel he had a choice.

没别的办法。你必须去做。

英文原文

>> There's no other option. You have to do it.

在全国范围内，建筑行业雇佣的移民劳工比例最高，接近30%。而在德克萨斯州，这些数字还要更高。研究表明在40%到50%左右。里奥格兰德河谷的官方数据很难查到。但如果你去问业内人士——我确实问过——有人估计无证工人多达80%。

英文原文

>> Nationwide, the [music] construction field employs the highest percentage of immigrant labor, nearly 30%. And in Texas, those numbers are even higher. Studies suggest anywhere from 40% to about [music] 50%. Official numbers on the Rio Grande Valley are hard to come by. But if you ask people in the industry, which I have, some wager as many as 80% are undocumented.

我认识一个人爱开玩笑挑事，他会站起来说：“我讨厌那些无证工人。”

英文原文

>> I had one guy that was a joke stirring, he'd get up and he'd say, "I hate those undocumented workers."

在这里这几乎成了一个玩笑。

英文原文

>> It's almost a joke here.

然后就会有一两个人问：“为什么？我们怎么了？当移民怎么了？”然后他就会说：“因为我们人太多了。我也是无证的。你抢了我的工作，懂吧。”

英文原文

>> And then you'd get one or two they'd say, "Why? What's wrong with us? What's wrong with being an immigrant?" Then he'd say, "Cuz there's too many of us. I'm undocumented, too. You're taking my job, you know."

[laughter]

英文原文

>> [laughter]

河谷建筑行业的人还会告诉你，无证工人最多的工种包括地基队和框架队。A做框架工大约有7年了。而他的父亲干这行已经超过25年。

英文原文

>> People in the valley's construction industry will also tell you that the trades that have some of the [music] most undocumented workers are the foundation and framing crews. A has worked as a framer for around 7 years. And his father has been doing it for more than 25.

当年他刚到这里时，我的意思是，也就只有那些工作可做，因为其他工作都需要社保号，只有重体力活才不需要。所以他入了行，我记得他一开始是浇筑混凝土。后来他看到建筑施工这边赚得更多一点，就是从那时起他开始干建筑的。

英文原文

>> When he got here, I mean those were all the only jobs cuz for other jobs you need a social and only the hard labor jobs are the ones that don't require one. So, he got into I think he was pouring concrete at first. Then he saw there was a little bit more money on the construction side and that's when he started doing construction.

后来，当A即将迎来第一个孩子、在一家卷饼餐厅拿着每小时7.25美元的工资时，他决定自己需要做点更赚钱的事情，就像那样。于是他请父亲传授他这门手艺。

英文原文

>> So, when A was about to have his first baby and was working at a taco restaurant for $7.25 an hour, he decided he needed something more lucrative like that. And he asked his father to teach him the craft.

我是说，这可能挺让人吃不消的，因为，呃，你没法停止去学。你每一天都会发现不一样的东西。你每一天都会学到不一样的知识。

英文原文

>> I mean, it's it could be overwhelming cuz uh you can't stop learning from this. You find something different every single day. You learn something different every single day.

让你父亲当你的老板是什么感觉？

英文原文

>> What was that like to have your dad as your boss?

很难。因为，呃，当父亲的通常都希望孩子表现最好，要是出了什么岔子，他就会……他就会生气，他就会很严厉地训斥我，对吧？但是，我是说，多亏了那些，我们现在才能掌握如今掌握的东西。

英文原文

>> Hard. Because uh dads usually want the best for their kids and if something didn't go the right way, he would he would get upset and he would get after me in a in a hard way, right? But I mean, thanks to that, we know what we know right now.

他是从学徒起步的。每个施工队都有学徒。他们扫地，收拾现场。

英文原文

>> He started out as an apprentice. Every crew has them. They sweep the floors, clean up.

我花了大慨一年半到两年的时间来学习基本功。仅仅是基本功。

英文原文

>> Took me about a year and a half, 2 years to learn the basics. Just the basics.

只是吸收最基础的东西。

英文原文

>> Just absorb the fundamentals.

关于切割、测量、三角尺、45度角。

英文原文

>> About cutting, measuring, the speed square, the 45s.

然后他就成了人们所说的半把刀。

英文原文

>> Then he became what they call half a spoon.

当你开始做构架时，切割必须精确，你的主要问题在于握锯。因为如果你没握好，发生回弹，你就可能切到腿，可能切到手臂。

英文原文

>> When you start on the framing, the cuts have to be precise and your main issue is holding the saw. Cuz if you don't hold it right and it kicks back, you could cut your leg, you could cut your arm.

现在他和父亲一起干活。

英文原文

>> Now he works with his father.

现在大部分我都懂了。

英文原文

>> Now I know the majority of it.

他父亲是个构架大师，按我的说法就是大师。在我们交谈的工地上，他父亲正在为一个大食品储藏室做构架。那么，他今天会完成食品储藏间的构架吗，比如在接下来的几个小时里？这是目标吗？

英文原文

>> Who's a master framer, a maestro as I call them. At the job site where we were talking, his father was framing a large pantry. So, will he finish the framing of the pantry closet today like in in the next couple hours? Is that the goal?

10分钟。

英文原文

>> 10 minutes.

10分钟内？不可能吧。

英文原文

>> In 10 minutes? No.

是的。

英文原文

>> Yeah.

我和A站在一起看着。

英文原文

>> I stood with A and watched.

食品储藏室，那就是他正在建的。

英文原文

>> the pantry that's what he's building.

好的。A调出了图纸。

英文原文

>> Okay. A pulls up the blueprint.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

指给我看我们正在看的是什么。

英文原文

>> and shows me what we're looking at.

冰箱

英文原文

>> The refrigerator

他的父亲系着一条沉重的工具带，髋部两侧都挂着工具。他会俯下身贴到地面上，测量切割的角度，然后用短铅笔做标记。

英文原文

>> His father wore a heavy tool belt with tools on both sides of his hips. He would swoop down to the floor, measuring the angles for the cuts, and then marking them with a short pencil.

太拼了。他动作飞快。就像是

英文原文

>> so hard. He's fast. Like it's

每次他弯下腰，汗水就滴落在混凝土地板上。

英文原文

>> And every time he bent down, his sweat droplets fell onto the cement slab floor.

汗流浃背。

英文原文

>> dripping with sweat.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

但汗水刚在水泥地上印出暗斑，又在德克萨斯州的酷热中迅速蒸发。

英文原文

>> But just as quickly as they would darken the cement, they would evaporate again in the Texas heat.

墙面

英文原文

>> The walls are

切割好，

英文原文

>> make the cut,

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

然后他会飞快地爬上梯子，手伸向身后工具带上的射钉枪，他总能看都不看就摸到它，然后将木板固定在相应位置。他动作太[音乐]优美了。就好像他脱离了地心引力一样。

英文原文

>> then he'd fly up the ladder and reach behind him for his nail gun on his tool belt, which he'd always find without looking, and bolt the board in its place. He was so [music] graceful. It was as if he defied gravity.

那是[清喉咙]第二块。

英文原文

>> That's the [clears throat] second piece.

第二块。

英文原文

>> The second piece.

曾有一位建筑商告诉我，盖一栋房子有9000个构件。如果你以构架这门行当为例，它需要数学，大量的几何知识来弄懂如何切割立柱，

英文原文

>> A builder once told me that there were 9,000 components to building a house. And if you take a trade like framing, it requires math, a lot of geometry to understand how to cut a stud,

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

如何压线切还是不压线切，计算屋顶正确的坡度。

英文原文

>> how to take the line or not take the line, calculating the correct pitch of a roof.

那一块要装在[音乐]门上方。

英文原文

>> That piece goes [music] above the door.

而成为大师的唯一途径就是做上成千上万次

英文原文

>> And the only way to become a maestro was by doing it thousands of times

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

在烈日下、在风雨中，历经多年。就像A的父亲一样。

英文原文

>> in the sun, in the rain, for years. Just like A's father.

差不多就那样了。

英文原文

>> That's pretty much it.

就这样好了？

英文原文

>> Is that it?

果然，[音乐]就在刚过10分钟一点点，食品储藏室就建好了。

英文原文

>> And sure [music] enough, in just a little over 10 minutes, the pantry was done.

他不知道我们当时在给他掐时间。我敢说他要是知道的话，还会更快。对啊。

英文原文

>> He didn't know that we were timing him. I bet if he knew, he'd be even faster. Yeah.

那么当这样一位大师被拘留时，

英文原文

>> So when a maestro like this gets detained,

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

到底有谁能来替代他？

英文原文

>> who is actually going to replace him?

我们怎么能裁掉整个劳动力群体，却没有任何替代的办法？

英文原文

>> How do we get rid of a an entire workforce and have no way of replacing it?

你这是要告诉我，我们应该从一个连锤子都没抡过的美国公民那里获取劳动力吗？

英文原文

>> You're going to tell me that we're supposed to get the labor from an American citizen that's never swung a hammer?

A被拘留的经历

而那个问题对A来说并不仅仅是一个理论问题。他告诉我不久前他的父亲被拘留了。突然之间，A成了班组的负责人。但他从未替代他的父亲。他只是努力自己去做那些活。而整个山谷地区也都在发生同样的事情。妻子顶替丈夫，儿子接替父亲。这是一个正在迅速消失的劳动力群体的复杂重组。然后就轮到了A。

英文原文

>> And that question wasn't just a theoretical one for A. He told me a while ago his father was detained. And all of a sudden, A became the head of the crew. But he never replaced his father. He just tried to do the work himself. And that was happening all around the valley, too. Wives filling in for husbands, sons covering for fathers. It was a complicated reshuffling of a rapidly disappearing workforce. And then it was A's turn.

那只是很寻常的一天。于是我们到了工地。我们卸下设备、压缩机、呃发电机，所有东西。然后呃我看到大约有五六辆车就停在那里。我当时也没多想。我想着，“不，那是……我不知道那是什么。我不知道发生了什么。”

英文原文

>> It was just a common day. So we got to the job site. We got off the equipment, compressors, uh the generators, everything. And uh I saw like five or six cars just parked. And I didn't think so much about it. I'm like, "No, that's I don't know what it is. I don't know what's going on."

它们不像是有标识的车辆。

英文原文

>> They're not like marked cars.

不，什么都没有。它们就是普通的车。我们刚开始干活，我就看到两辆公羊皮卡停在我面前。就像全速冲过来一样。

英文原文

>> No, nothing. They're just regular cars. Soon as we started working, I just saw two Rams in front of me. Like full speed.

冲着你来？

英文原文

>> Coming at you?

冲着我来，是的。全速冲过来。等它们停下，车门打开，每辆皮卡下来四个人。所有目光都盯过来。我慌了。

英文原文

>> Coming at me, yes. Full speed. And when they stopped, they opened the doors, four guys out of each truck. All eyes. And I panicked.

A告诉我那些官员要查看他的身份证件。

英文原文

>> A told me the officials asked for his ID.

我说：“你们为什么需要看我的身份证件？”他们说：“你们都知道我们只是需要看身份证件，以确保你们是合法的。”

英文原文

>> I'm like, "Why do you need to see my ID?" They're like, "Y'all know we just need to see IDs to make sure y'all are legal."

他向对方解释他有出庭通知（NTA）。

英文原文

>> He explained to him he had an NTA.

我的许可。

英文原文

>> my permit.

出庭通知文件。这是美国国土安全部[音乐]交给移民法院以启动诉讼程序要求将某人驱逐出境的文件。

英文原文

>> A notice to appear document. It's what the DHS [music] gives immigration court to begin a legal case that a person should be removed from the country.

所有东西。我都在遵纪守法。

英文原文

>> everything. I'm complying with the law.

A告诉他们自己遵纪守法。

英文原文

>> A told them he complied with the law.

你们要求我做的一切我都在做。

英文原文

>> I'm doing everything y'all are asking me to do.

他说他参加了所有的法庭听证会。

英文原文

>> He said he attended all the court hearings.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

而且我有我的最后一次

英文原文

>> And I have my final

事实上，最后一次很快就要来了。届时移民法官将决定A是否可以留在该国。

英文原文

>> In fact, the final one was coming up soon. Where an immigration judge would decide whether A could stay in the country or not.

于是我把身份证件递给了他。他看着我，又看了看那位移民与海关执法局（ICE）官员。而那位ICE官员只是说，他只是摇了摇头。呃，所以……怎么回事？那个人就说：“哦，不行，你得跟我们走一趟。”

英文原文

>> So I gave him my ID. And he looked at me and he looked at the ICE officer. And the ICE officer just said, he just nodded no. Uh so what's going on? The guy is like, "Oh, no, you're going to come with us."

他们逮捕了他。

英文原文

>> They arrested him.

所以我是说他们给我戴上了手铐。他们一刚把我带上皮卡，我妻子就给我打了电话。她问：“发生什么事了？呃我正往那边赶。”但她当时在哭。她哭得非常伤心。

英文原文

>> So I mean they put me in handcuffs. And as soon as they got me on the truck, my wife called me. And she's like, "What happened? Uh I'm on my way over there." But she was crying. She was crying really bad.

他们把他带到了伊莎贝尔港拘留中心，在那里他将面临一个选择。

英文原文

>> They took him to Port Isabel Detention Center where he'd be given a choice.

如果你想签自愿离境，你明天就会在墨西哥。而我说：“哦，如果我觉得这是我的国家，我为什么要去签自愿离境？我有我的家人，我有孩子，他们该怎么办？”然后他说：“我是说，那不是我的问题。那是你的问题。那是你父母非法把你带到这里的问题。”我说：“好吧，行吧。”

英文原文

>> If you want to sign the voluntary departure, you'll be in Mexico tomorrow. And I was like, "Oh, why am I going to sign a voluntary departure if I feel this is my country? I have my family, I have kids, and what are they going to do?" And he said, "I mean, that's not my problem. That's your problem. And that's your parents' problem for bringing you here illegally." I'm like, "Okay, all right."

劳动力流失对行业的影响

浇筑地基和做构架是建房子的最初步骤之一。除非这些工作先完成，否则其他任何工序——屋顶、管道、油漆——都无法进行。

英文原文

>> Pouring a foundation and framing are some of the first steps to building a house. Nothing can happen, roofing, plumbing, painting, unless those jobs are finished first.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

因此，当这些班组人员不见时，就会推迟分包商的工期。我采访了一位小型建筑商，他告诉我在正常的年份里，他大约会建25栋房子。到2025年底，他只建了12栋。而进入2026年，他手里只有三份合同。如果建造的房屋变少，建这些房屋所需的材料就会减少。因此，木材和水泥供应商会告诉我，他们遇到的情况是销售额减少、取消订单增多。由于订单减少，我交谈过的几家公司为了维持运营不得不开始裁员。一家大型水泥公司告诉我，大约在这个时候，他裁掉了100多名员工。几个月后，他申请了破产。在整个山谷地区和全国其他地方正处于住房危机之中时，这一切尤为成问题。

英文原文

>> So, when those crews go missing, it pushes timelines out for subcontractors. I talked to one small builder who told me [music] in a normal year, he'd build around 25 houses. By the end of 2025, he'd only built 12. And going into 2026, he only had contracts for three. If fewer homes are being built, less materials are needed to build those homes. So, lumber and cement suppliers would tell me they were experiencing less sales and more cancellations. And with less orders, some companies I talked to had to start laying off employees to stay afloat. A big cement company told me that around this time, he laid off more than 100 workers. And a few months later, he filed for bankruptcy. All of this is particularly problematic when the Valley and the rest of the country is in the midst of a housing crisis.

我们到底应该从哪里获取劳动力？

英文原文

>> Where are we supposed to get the labor from?

人们常说，如果你把移民从这些岗位上撤走，美国人就会接手。[音乐]美国人会填补空缺。就连特朗普总统也曾这样主张过。但实际情况并非如此。

英文原文

>> It's often said that if you remove immigrants from these jobs, Americans will take [music] them. Americans will fill the void. Even President Trump has argued this. But that wasn't exactly happening.

那太愚蠢了。那很蠢。怎么，所有人都会突然醒悟过来，呃，让我今天去搞构架吧，你知道吗，让我去浇混凝土吧。我对它一无所知，但我真的很兴奋地想去干这活，并在华氏110度的天气下工作。不，他们当然不会来。

英文原文

>> That's stupid. That is dumb. Well, all of a sudden everybody's going to like wake up and uh, let me go do framing today, you know, let me go pour concrete. I know nothing about it, but I'm really excited to go do it and work in a 110° weather. No, of course they're not going to come.

但从南德克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）的角度，甚至从山谷地区教授建筑课程的大学讲师的角度来看，论调与全国其他地区所熟知的论调是一样的。

英文原文

>> But the argument from the perspective of the STBA and even college instructors in the valley who teach construction is the same as the one so familiar to the rest of the country.

别人很容易会说：“哎，就雇美国人呗。”哎，美国人根本不想干这活。实话实说。

英文原文

>> It's easy for somebody to say, "Well, just hire Americans." Well, Americans don't want to do the work. Flat out.

美国人不想要这些工作。

英文原文

>> Americans don't want these jobs.

就像有人说：“哦，那是因为你们不想招人。”老兄，人家都告诉你当场就能录用你。问题是美国公民不想在建筑行业工作。

英文原文

>> Like when people are like, "Oh, it's cuz you guys don't want to hire." Dude, people are telling you that they'll hire you on the spot. The thing is United States citizens don't want to work in construction.

马里奥（Mario）认为这并不是因为他们的报酬不高。他指出，一名学徒起薪是每小时15美元。

英文原文

>> And Mario argues it's not because they're not paid well. He points out that an apprentice starts out making $15 an hour.

不，那高于最低工资。

英文原文

>> not That is more than minimum wage.

那是该州最低工资的两倍多。

英文原文

>> That's more than double the state's minimum wage.

所以我心里想，像是，不是。并不是说那是奴隶般的微薄报酬，而是工作太艰苦了。

英文原文

>> So I think to myself like no. It's not that it's slave labor pay is that the work is hard.

但即便公民们真的想要这些工作，他们也不具备资格。

英文原文

>> But even if citizens did want these jobs they're not qualified.

水管工。我们需要暖通空调工人。我们需要电工。我们需要构架工。而我们的高中里根本没有这些教学。至少在我来的这里没有。

英文原文

>> plumbers. We need HVAC workers. We need electricians. We need framers. And we don't have any of that in our high schools. At least not here where I come from.

根本没有水泥工、构架工、瓦工、干墙工、油漆工。一个都没有。这门技能在任何地方都没在教。

英文原文

>> There are no cement workers, framers, masonary, drywallers, painters. There are zero. That skill is not being taught anywhere.

要打造一支像正在消失的那支队伍一样熟练的劳动力，需要经历像A那样数年的培训。而那是山谷地区所不具备的劳动力。

英文原文

>> It would take years of training like A's to build a workforce as skilled as the one that was disappearing. And that was a workforce the valley didn't have.

我们需要的是

英文原文

>> What we need is a

蓝领工人。我认为这个体系未能让我们做好准备。

英文原文

blue-collar

worker.

I

believe

the

system

has

failed

to

prepare

us.

我们没有让任何人做好准备。我们谁都没培养。作为国家，我们做出了这些决定，却让自己做好了零准备。

英文原文

>> We

didn't

prepare

anybody.

We

prepared

nobody.

We

made

these

decisions

as

a

country

and

prepared

ourselves

zero.

[music]

英文原文

>> [music]

在一个对社会如此关键的行业里。我是说，拜托。这是遮风避雨的住处。这可不是，你知道的，奢侈品。这是人们安身立命的地方。而我们却笨手笨脚地应对这一切，就像某个不知所措的国家一样[ __ ]。

英文原文

>> In

an

industry

that

is

so

critical

for

a

society.

I

mean,

come

on.

This

is

shelter.

This

is

not

you

know,

luxuries.

This

is

people

having

a

place

to

live.

And

we'd

fumble

through

that

like

some

country

that

doesn't

know

[ __ ]

我真希望我们有美国工人。老兄，我会当场录用他们。

英文原文

>> I

wish

we

had

American

workers.

Man,

I

would

hire

them

on

the

spot.

他们已经在干活了。南得克萨斯现有的、想干活的所有人，他们已经在那里了。他们已经在工作了。但那还不够。那远远不够。而且更多的人呢？我们没人能顶替他们。

英文原文

>> They're already

working.

The

everything

that's

available

in

South

Texas

is

and

wants

to

work.

They're

already

there.

They're

already

working.

But

that's

not

enough.

That's

nearly

not

enough.

And

more?

We

have

nobody

to

replace

them.

所以现在整个山谷地区——

英文原文

>> So

now

all

around

the

valley

我们找不到木工构架队。

英文原文

>> We

can't

find

a

framing

crew.

各地到处都是寂静无声的工地。

英文原文

>> there

are

quiet

job

sites

everywhere.

之前在那里干活的那个人就再也没回来。

英文原文

>> The

guy

that

was

working

on

it

just

never

came

back.

随着越来越多的工人消失，这开始让人感觉像是一场危机。

英文原文

>> With

more

and

more

workers

disappearing

it

was

starting

to

feel

like

a

crisis.

我们——我们打了35通以上电话找构架工，只为了能找到一个。日常生活就是这么无法预测。你知道，我们[music]到了现场，就心想：[ __ ]他们今天会来吗？如果他们不来——好吧，去你的[ __ ]。但愿他们明天会来。如果他们明天还不来，那你只能祈祷他们没有被抓，或者——你根本不知道。

英文原文

>> We

we've

called

over

35

framers

just

to

find

one.

This

is

how

unpredictable

daily

life

is.

You

know,

we

show

[music]

up

and

it's

like

[ __ ]

are

they

going

to

show

up

today?

And

if

they

don't

show

up

well,

[ __ ]

you.

Hopefully

they'll

show

up

tomorrow.

And

if

they

don't

show

up

tomorrow,

then

you're

hoping

they

didn't

get

picked

up

or

you

don't

know.

STBA觉得[music]整个行业就快要坠入深渊了。

英文原文

>> The

STBA

felt

[music]

like

the

industry

was

about

to

go

over

a

cliff.

到了这个地步，如果他们搜查我的工地，我的生意[music]基本上就全垮了。我可以向你保证这一点。如果这种情况持续下去，山谷地区的建筑经济撑不过下一年。

英文原文

>> At

this

point,

if

they

raid

my

job

site,

my

business

[music]

is

going

down

pretty

much.

I

can

guarantee

you

this.

The

valley's

construction

economy

will

not

last

another

year

if

this

continues.

所以必须有人[music]——甚至可能是他们当中的某一个人——去为此做点什么了。

英文原文

>> So

someone

[music]

maybe

even

one

of

them

is

going

to

have

to

do

something

about

it.

我们马上回来。

英文原文

>> We'll

be

right

back.

胡里奥·卡兰萨的故事

对STBA的许多建筑商来说，里奥格兰德河谷发生的一切，关乎的不仅仅是一个空荡荡的工地，或者一家陷入困境的企业。它关乎一种生活方式。一个他们继承下来的梦想。这是他们自己生命的故事。

英文原文

>> For

many

of

the

builders

of

the

STBA,

what

was

happening

in

the

Rio

Grande

Valley

was

about

more

than

just

an

empty

job

site

or

a

failing

business.

It

was

about

a

way

of

life.

A

dream

they'd

inherited.

It's

the

story

of

their

lives.

[bell]

英文原文

>> [bell]

在过去的一年里，我认识了他们当中的很多人。

英文原文

>> And

over

the

past

year

I've

gotten

to

know

a

lot

of

them.

你能停在房子的北边吗？那里有一个小车道。

英文原文

>> Can

you

park

on

the

north

side

of

the

house?

There's

a

little

driveway

there.

比如胡里奥·卡兰萨（Julio Carranza）。他是该协会的副会长，和马里奥并肩工作。他也认识做构架的A。A有时也为他干活。

英文原文

>> Like

Julio

Carranza.

He's

the

vice

president

of

the

group

and

works

alongside

Mario.

He

knows

A,

the

framer,

too.

A

sometimes

does

work

for

him.

进来吧，琳赛（Lindsay）。你最近怎么样？[laughter] 很高兴见到你。

英文原文

>> Come

on

in,

Lindsay.

How

are

you

doing?

[laughter]

Good

to

see

you.

我也很高兴见到你。

英文原文

>> Good

to

see

you

too.

我在他刚建在一家高尔夫球场边缘的大约6500平方英尺的家里见到了他。一辆Cybertruck停在外面的一条车道上。

英文原文

>> I met

him

at

his

roughly

6,500

square

foot

home

he

had

just

built

on

the

perimeter

of

a

golf

course.

Cybertrucks

sits

parked

outside

in

one

of

the

driveways.

你真的就住在高尔夫球场上。

英文原文

>> You

literally

live

on

a

golf

course.

是的。嗯，我刚搬进来——我正在搬进来，所以很容易——

英文原文

>> Yes.

Well,

I

just

moved

in

I'm

moving

in

so

it's

easy

to

胡里奥很有魅力。他把你当作老朋友对待。他是哥们儿型的人。他脸上挂着灿烂的微笑。

英文原文

>> Julio

is

charismatic.

He

treats

you

like

an

old

friend.

He's

bro.

He

wears

a

big

smile.

往回走，请坐。

英文原文

>> Back,

take

a

seat.

他知道自己从最初的起点走过了很长的路。他将永远铭记这一点。他的办公室里挂着一张他作为墨西哥一个胖乎乎小幼儿时的照片。

英文原文

>> He

knows

he's

come

a

long

way

from

where

he

first

started.

He'll

always

remember

that.

He's

got

a

picture

hanging

in

his

office

of

him

as

a

pudgy

toddler

in

Mexico.

我依然记得，就好像我们不是墨西哥人，但我们也不是美国人，你知道吗？

英文原文

>> And

I

remember

still

like

we

weren't

from

Mexico,

but

we

weren't

from

America

either,

you

know?

他于1985年出生在得克萨斯州麦卡伦。但他生命中的前五年生活在紧邻边境另一侧的墨西哥雷诺萨。每天他的父亲都会穿过边境，去麦卡伦拉普拉扎购物中心（La Plaza Mall）的美食广场上班。胡里奥告诉我，人们那时就是那么过的：住在墨西哥，在得克萨斯工作。胡里奥的母亲是一名公民。最终他的全家永久地越过了边境。他的父母在得克萨斯州阿拉莫买了一所房子。

英文原文

>> He

was

born

in

1985

in

McAllen,

Texas.

But

the

first

five

years

of

his

life

he

lived

in

Reynosa,

Mexico

just

over

the

border.

And

everyday

his

dad

would

commute

across

it

for

his

job

in

the

food

court

at

La

Plaza

Mall

in

McAllen.

Julio

told

me

that's

just

what

people

did.

Live

in

Mexico,

work

in

Texas.

Julio's

mom

was

a

citizen.

And

eventually

his

family

crossed

the

border

for

good.

His

parents

bought

a

house

in

Alamo,

Texas.

我们住在一个极小的房子里。三个兄弟挤在一间卧室里，共用一个半卫生间。六口人。想象一下吧。

英文原文

>> We

lived

in

a

tiny

home.

It

was

three

brothers

in

one

bedroom

in

one

and

a

half

bath.

Six

people.

Imagine

that.

那是一所什么样的房子？

英文原文

>> What

kind

of

house

was

that

like?

我想我有一张照片。就是这个。

英文原文

>> I

think

I

got

a

picture.

And

that's

it.

好的。

英文原文

>> Okay.

简易车棚。

英文原文

>> Carport.

那是一所带有米黄色砖墙和简易车棚的小房子。朴素低调。但胡里奥说，他在那里的记忆历历在目。

英文原文

>> It's

a

little

house

with

beige

bricks

and

a

carport.

Understated.

But

Julio

says

his

memories

there

are

vivid.

是的，有很多美好的时刻，也有很多暴力。你知道，贫困，老兄。那就像教科书般的西班牙裔家庭，你知道吗？你的一家人住在附近，挨得很近。烧烤。科里多民谣（Corridos）。啤酒。枪声，你知道吧？典型的那种。

英文原文

>> Yeah,

a

lot

of

good

moments,

a

lot

of

violence

also.

You

know,

poverty,

bro.

It

was

like

textbook

Hispanic

household,

you

know?

Your

family

lives

together

close

by.

Barbecue.

Corridos.

Beers.

Gunshots,

you

know?

Typical.

好玩吗？

英文原文

>> Was

it

fun?

很好玩。非常好玩。所以那就是——那就是我们会听的音乐。

英文原文

>> It

was

fun.

It

was

so

fun.

So

those

are

the

the

music

we

would

listen

to.

噢，真的吗？

英文原文

>> Oh,

really?

会听的。它们叫科里多民谣。你就尽情地跟着音乐摇摆，[music] 喝着你的啤酒，闻着空气中的豆梨木香，对吧？你就戴着你的墨西哥宽檐帽、你的鸭舌帽一起闲逛，我们就在那儿放松。

英文原文

>> do.

They're

called

corridos.

So

you're

just

jamming

[music]

out,

drinking

your

beers,

smelling

the

mesquite

in

the

air,

right?

And

you're

just

hanging

out

with

your

sombreros,

your

caps,

and

we're

just

chilling.

[music] [singing]

英文原文

>> [music]

[singing]

我还记得那些。是的。

英文原文

>> I

remember

that.

Yeah.

胡里奥告诉我，他父亲不怎么喝酒，也不抽烟。但他是个工作狂。他最终在当地一家名为HEB的杂货店找到了一份工作。他总是在工作。手头很拮据。他们有时依靠食品券度日。

英文原文

>> Julio

told

me

his

dad

didn't

drink

much,

nor

did

he

smoke.

But,

he

was

a

workaholic.

He

eventually

got

a

job

at

the

HEB,

a

local

grocery

store.

He

worked

all

the

time.

Money

was

tight.

They

relied

on

food

stamps

at

times.

我总是讨厌去为开学买东西，因为我知道自己永远买不到想要的东西。

英文原文

>> Always

hated

having

to

go

school

shopping

cuz

I

know

I

would

never

get

what

I

wanted.

胡里奥的母亲会给他买五件衬衫，上学每天穿一件，一件也不多给。

英文原文

>> Julio's

mom

would

get

him

five

shirts,

one

for

each

day

of

school,

and

no

more.

我还能拿到三条裤子，因为你可以混着搭配穿。就这些了。

英文原文

>> And

I

get

three

pants

cuz

you

can

mix

and

match.

That's

it.

是啊。

英文原文

>> Yeah.

因为我们什么也买不起。

英文原文

>> Cuz

we

couldn't

afford

anything.

衣服并不是让胡里奥感到与众不同的唯一方面。

英文原文

>> The

clothes

weren't

the

only

way

Julio

felt

different.

所以，当我进入学校系统时——

英文原文

>> So,

when

I

came

into

the

school

system

在山谷地区刚开始上学时，他说西班牙语。所以，他说自己只上双语班。

英文原文

>> spoke

Spanish

when

he

started

school

in

the

valley.

So,

he

said

he

was

in

bilingual

classes

only.

幼儿园、一年级和二年级。

英文原文

>> kinder,

first,

and

second

但是在三年级时，他的老师把他调入了他的第一个纯英语班。

英文原文

>> But,

in

third

grade,

his

teachers

moved

him

up

to

his

first

English-only

class.

于是，现在你被跳升到了英语班，现在你接触到的是不同层次的学生，他们的父母或是老师。其中一个，他的父母是律师。另一个，是校长。有的开餐馆，你知道的，诸如此类。而我来了，我是第一代。他们已经是第二代或第三代了。

英文原文

>> So,

now

you

get

jumped

up

to

an

English

class,

now

you

get

a

different

level

of

students,

parents

or

teachers.

One

of

them,

his

parents

was

an

attorney.

Another

one,

principal.

Owned

a

restaurant,

you

know,

stuff

like

that.

Here

I

come,

first

generation.

They're

already

second

or

third.

嗯。

英文原文

>> Mhm.

我记得我们当时在一堂文化课上，辅导员问：“嘿，你们的父母是做什么的？”嗯，我爸爸——说我爸爸在，我当时特别紧张。我说：“噢，他们肯定会[ __ ]嘲笑我的。”他们——我当时非常敏感自卑。果不其然，我说：“我爸爸在HEB工作。”我的天啊，所有人开始[ __ ]哄堂大笑。是的，因为他在杂货店工作。他是个收银员。老兄，我感觉糟透了，无地自容，对吧？老师说：“别笑，大家。不是每个人，你们知道的，都是专业人士之类的。”然后我们就继续上课了。所以，我心里总憋着一股劲，对吧？我必须[ __ ]出人头地。

英文原文

>> And

I

remember

we

were

in

a

culture

class,

and

the

counselor

said,

"Hey,

what

do

your

parents

do?"

Well,

my

dad

says

my

dad's

at,

and

I

was

so

nervous.

And

I

said,

"Oh,

they're

going

to

[ __ ]

laugh

at

me."

They

I

was

so

self-conscious.

Sure

enough,

I

said,

"My

dad

works

at

HEB."

Oh

my

god,

everybody

started

[ __ ]

laughing.

Yeah,

because

he

worked

at

a

grocery

store.

He

was

a

cashier.

I

felt

horrible,

bro,

and

embarrassed,

right?

The

teacher

said,

"Don't

laugh,

guys.

Not

everybody,

you

know,

was

a

professional

and

stuff

like

that."

And

we

moved

on.

So,

I

always

got

that

chip

on

my

shoulder,

right?

I

had

to

[ __ ]

make

it

out.

[music]

英文原文

>> [music]

来自墨西哥库利亚坎的拳手。体重139.5磅，胡里奥·塞萨尔·查韦斯（Julio Cesar Chavez）。

英文原文

>> Fighting

out

of

Culiacan,

Mexico.

Weighing

in

at

139

and

1/2

lbs,

Julio

Cesar

Chavez.

所以，在那个时候[music]，世界上最伟大的拳击手之一胡里奥·塞萨尔·查韦斯正处于[music]他的巅峰期。每当有拳击比赛时——拳击在我们的文化里是一件大事。[music] 你会让整个街坊，好几家邻居全都聚在一所房子里，一边烧烤，一边收听，然后大家凑钱去租HBO频道。你会去那个装了有线电视的人家里，对吧？在那个年代，我们就会这么做。[music] 然后我们就会聚会，接着——而我是一个到处招揽生意的倒腾小孩，当起了酒保。“嘿，啤酒，”[music] 然后他们就会给我小费。“这是啤酒，”他们就给我小费。我总是那样去奔忙折腾。那就是我会做的事。

英文原文

>> So,

back

[music]

then,

Julio

Cesar

Chavez,

one

of

the

greatest

boxers

in

the

world,

was

[music]

at

his

top.

And

every

time

there

was

a

boxing

match,

boxing

was

huge

in

our

culture.

[music]

You'd

have

the

whole

neighborhood,

few

neighbors

all

in

one

house,

barbecuing,

listening,

and

then

pitching

in

to

rent

that

HBO.

And

you'd

go

to

the

house

of

the

person

that

had

the

cable,

right?

Back

then,

we

would

do

it.

[music]

And

then

we

would

party

and

then

And

I'm

a

little

kid

hustling,

being

a

bartender.

Hey,

beer,

[music]

and

they'd

give

me

a

tip.

Here's

a

beer,

and

they'd

give

me

a

tip.

I

always

hustled

like

that.

That's

what

I

would

do.

准确度。

英文原文

>> the

accuracy.

胡里奥找到了很多折腾搞钱的办法。

英文原文

>> Julio

found

lots

of

ways

to

hustle.

“行，让我帮你洗车。多少钱？”搞定。

英文原文

>> Okay,

let

me

clean

your

car.

How

much?

Boom.

他会给他叔叔洗那辆1996年产的红色克尔维特（Corvette）。他深爱那辆车。他给别人理发。他靠捡哈士奇的粪便每周赚5美元。直到他攒够了钱买下自己的第一双全新耐克鞋。

英文原文

>> He'd

clean

his

uncle's

'96

red

Corvette.

He

loved

that

car.

He

gave

people

haircuts.

He

earned

$5

a

week

picking

up

husky

poops.

Until

he

earned

enough

money

to

buy

his

first

pair

of

new

Nikes.

好的。我在六年级的时候买到了安芬尼·哈达威（Anfernee Hardaways）。那是100美元。

英文原文

>> Okay.

And

I

get

the

Anfernee

Hardaways

when

I

was

in

sixth

grade.

They

were

$100.

在那时候？

英文原文

>> Back

then?

那双——是的，90块钱加税。而且对我来说还大了一个尺码。去了Kids Foot Locker买到了它们。

英文原文

>> And

they

were

Yeah,

90

bucks

plus

tax.

And

they

were

a

size

too

big

for

me.

Went

to

Kids

Foot

Locker

and

I

got

them.

你有感到胜券在握的成就感吗？[music] 比如当你拿到耐克鞋的时候？

英文原文

>> Did

you

feel

like

triumphant?

[music]

Like

when

you

got

the

Nikes?

噢，是的。

英文原文

>> Oh,

yeah.

胡里奥结婚了，并成为了一名特殊教育老师。你喜欢那份工作的什么？

英文原文

>> Julio

got

married

and

became

a

special

ed

teacher.

What

did

you

like

about

that?

孩子们、贫困、低经济地位。我能与他们产生共鸣。这里有很多天赋。非常多。

英文原文

>> Kids,

poverty,

low

economic

status.

I

related

to

them.

There's

a

lot

of

talent

here.

A

lot.

他深爱这份工作。而且这份工作年薪40,000。

英文原文

>> He

loved

the

work.

And

the

job

paid

40,000

a

year.

你能靠那样生活吗？

英文原文

>> Could

you

live

like

that?

噢，当然。我成功了。[clears throat] 我[ __ ]做到了。

英文原文

>> Oh,

yeah.

I

made

[clears throat]

it.

I

[ __ ]

made

it.

但是有一天，一个新的机会来了。

英文原文

>> But

one

day

a

new

opportunity

came.

我哥哥说服我开始为他工作。

英文原文

>> My brother

convinced

me

to

start

working

for

him.

他的哥哥让他加入自己一起去卖房子。

英文原文

>> His

brother

asked

him

to

join

him

in

selling

houses.

我说：“如果你每年给我补足60,000美元，我就离职，并且我会让你看看我能做什么。”

英文原文

>> And

I

said,

"If

you

supplement

$60,000

a

year,

I'll

leave

and

I'll

show

you

what

I

can

do."

于是胡里奥放手一搏，用他的话说——

英文原文

>> So

Julio

took

a

leap

of

faith

and

in

his

words

我就把规模做大了。

英文原文

>> And

I

scaled.

他大赚了一笔。

英文原文

>> he

banked

it.

34岁？

英文原文

>> 34

years

old?

对。

英文原文

>> Yeah.

一位百万富翁，从底层一路走来，像——

英文原文

>> A

millionaire,

started

from

the

bottom

like

一名开发商

英文原文

>> a

developer

还拥有自己的抵押贷款公司。

英文原文

and owns his own mortgage company.

比如这里的这些，它们是菲拉格慕（Ferragamos）。你……你觉得它们……

英文原文

>> Like these right here, they're Ferragamos. What What do you think they

他的衣橱里塞满了他财务上的成功。

英文原文

>> His closet is full of his financial successes.

像这种东西。我是说，你会看到我买一块7万美元的手表，一件1500美元的衬衫。我现在对这些东西很有情结，因为我记得……

英文原文

>> [ __ ] like this. I mean, you got me buying a $70,000 watch, a $1,500 shirt. And I have a thing for that now because I remember

他说他的银行专员就是小时候嘲笑过他的那些孩子之一。

英文原文

>> He says his banker is one of those kids who laughed at him when he was a child.

他能看到我存在银行里的现金。他能看到我的财富账户，你懂的。

英文原文

>> He sees my cash in the bank. He sees my wealth account, you know.

当他看到这些时，你……你感觉怎么样？

英文原文

>> Do you How do you feel when he sees him?

我觉得超牛、超过瘾。

英文原文

>> I feel badass.

[笑声]

英文原文

>> [laughter]

他对他毫无怨恨。但依旧——他感到很自豪。

英文原文

>> He holds nothing against him. But still he's proud.

我感觉挺好。

英文原文

>> I feel good.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

格兰德河谷的社区与突击搜查

格兰德河谷（Rio Grande Valley）的几个县属于全美最贫困的地区之列。所以胡利奥（Julio）从未远离过他的出身之地。当他开车在河谷转悠时，他会经过那些殖民区（colonias）——那是些往往很贫困的小型社区，有时缺乏像铺设路面[音乐]和排污系统这样的基本基础设施。其中很多社区是几十年前建立的，当时墨西哥的农场工人和劳工来到田地里干活，需要一个住的地方。但在像这样的贫困角落里，正是胡利奥看到机遇的地方。所以多年来，他一直在建造封闭式门禁社区和住宅小区。

英文原文

>> The Rio Grande Valley's counties are among the poorest in the nation. So Julio's never far from where he came from. When he drives around the valley, he passes colonias, small, often impoverished communities that sometimes lack basic infrastructure like paved roads [music] and sewage systems. A lot of them were established decades ago when farm workers and laborers came from Mexico to work in the fields and needed a place to live. But in pockets of poverty like these, that's where Julio sees possibility. So for years, he's been creating gated communities and subdivisions.

所以这里会装一个滑动门，这样我就可以去高尔夫球场了。

英文原文

>> So this will have a sliding gate so I can go to the golf course.

等等，所以这栋房子是你建的吗？你……你建的？

英文原文

>> Wait, so did you build this house? You You built it?

还有像他现在住的这样的住宅。

英文原文

And homes like the one he lives in now.

所以这些全都是我……我自己弄的，人工草坪。

英文原文

>> So I I did all this myself, artificial turf.

你的孩子们全都有他们自己的卧室吗？

英文原文

>> Do all your kids have their own bedrooms?

是的，他们有套房。

英文原文

>> Yes, they have suites.

所以这些搜查突袭不仅是对他们生计的打击。这是对他们本身的打击。是对他们所为之奋斗的一切的打击。也是对其父母和祖父母所奋斗的一切的打击。但是这一代建筑商，他们可不会就这么默默忍气吞声。于是马里奥（Mario）、胡利奥以及南得克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）董事会的其余成员开始制定策略。

英文原文

>> So the raids weren't just an attack on their livelihoods. They were an attack on them. An attack on everything they'd worked toward. Everything their parents and grandparents had worked toward, too. But this generation of builders, they weren't just going to roll over in silence. So Mario and Julio and the rest of the board at the STBA started strategizing.

呃，我们当时很困惑。我们到底该怎么办？

英文原文

>> Well, we were confused. What the [ __ ] do we do?

开会，伙计。我们……我们该怎么办？

英文原文

>> meetings, dude. We What do we do?

他们开始寻求帮助。

英文原文

>> They started looking for help.

我们跟谁谈？然后我说：“伙计，你们得闹出点动静来，伙计。”

英文原文

>> we talk to? And I said, "Dude, you need to make some noise, dude."

他们告诉我，他们去找了当地执法部门和当地城市领导人。

英文原文

>> They told me they went to local law enforcement and local city leaders.

你知道的，市长们、理事们。

英文原文

>> You know, mayors, commissioners.

但他们被告知：“抱歉。这是联邦层面的问题。”

英文原文

>> But they were told, "Sorry. This is a federal issue."

你们不制定法律，但你们是我们的传声筒。而且你们能接触到那些高层，对吧？真正的领导者就该这么做。而那表现得相当软弱，你知道吗？所以我们决定必须在政治层面抗争。我们必须给我们的国会议员打电话。那是搞定这破事的唯一[清嗓子]途径。

英文原文

>> You don't write the laws, but you're our voice. And you have access to that [ __ ] right? That's what a true leader does. And that's pretty weak, you know? So we decided we need to fight this politically. We need to call our congressman. That's the only [clears throat] way to [ __ ] do this.

政治诉求与自救防范

代表马里奥所在选区的国会议员是共和党众议员莫妮卡·德·拉·克鲁斯（Monica De la Cruz）。

英文原文

>> The member of Congress who represents Mario's district is Republican Congresswoman Monica De la Cruz.

直接联系她。

英文原文

>> her directly.

他其实有她的直接联系方式。

英文原文

>> He actually had her direct contact.

我妈妈和我爸爸给她盖过房子。她一点忙也没帮。

英文原文

>> my mom and my dad built her house. She was no help.

他们也和其他民主党国会议员谈过，比如维森特·冈萨雷斯（Vicente Gonzalez）和亨利·奎利亚尔（Henry Cuellar），还有国会议员候选人，比如鲍比·普利多（Bobby Pulido）和詹姆斯·塔拉里科（James Talarico）。

英文原文

>> They talked to other Democratic members of Congress, like Vicente Gonzalez and Henry Cuellar, and candidates for Congress like Bobby Pulido and James Talarico, too.

就像今天早上我还试图去……

英文原文

>> And like this morning I tried to go to

马里奥甚至还找过白宫官员，比如时任国土安全部部长的克里斯蒂·诺姆（Kristi Noem），她当时来与当地的一群农民座谈。

英文原文

>> Mario even tried White House officials, like then Secretary of Homeland Security Kristi Noem, who had come to talk to a local group of farmers.

你们进不去的，赶紧出去。这是农民会议。

英文原文

>> You're not getting to get out. This is a farmers meeting.

但他很快就被赶了出来。

英文原文

>> But he was quickly kicked out.

然后他们把我带出去了。

英文原文

>> And they took me out.

对 STBA 董事会来说，这无关党派。他们觉得是自己雇佣了这些官员来干这份工作的。

英文原文

>> It wasn't about a party for the board at the STBA. They felt they hired these officials for the job.

我的意思是，说到底，我们需要提醒我们的民选官员，是我们把他们选上去的。是我们把他们放在那个位置上的。他们需要明白，就像我们能把他们送上去一样，我们也能把他们拉下来。

英文原文

>> I mean, at the end of the day, we need to remind our elected officials that we put them there. We put them there. And they need to understand that just like we put them there, we can take them out.

建筑商们也开始自己采取行动。

英文原文

>> Builders also started to take action themselves.

在我们的工地面周围拉起隔离围栏。我们的大门……

英文原文

>> Putting a perimeter around our worksites. Our gates

在工地区域周围立起围栏。

英文原文

>> to put up fencing around the job sites.

大门始终上锁。

英文原文

>> Locked gates at all times.

工人们也在主动要求这样做。

英文原文

>> Workers were asking for it.

每天在所有的工地把围栏立起来，确保锁好，用铁链锁上。而且我们正准备安装高压电网围栏。呃……

英文原文

>> Put up the fences in all the job sites every day, make sure with their lock, they lock with the chain. And we're about to install high-voltage electricity fences. Um

哇。

英文原文

>> Wow.

不，我开玩笑的，伙计。那是……那是个玩笑。

英文原文

>> No, I'm kidding, dude. That was That was a joke.

感觉像，什么？[笑声]

英文原文

>> like, what? [laughter]

呃，我其实正在给一个 ICE 执法人员盖房子。

英文原文

>> Uh I'm actually building a house for an ICE agent.

就在现在？

英文原文

>> Right now?

是的，就在现在。他的项目是最后一批装围栏的项目之一。他说，我刚看到你给围起来了，我说，是啊，我们不得不这么做。但是，他就只是点了点头。他就是说，是啊，你们确实得这么做。然后就没别的话了。

英文原文

>> Yeah, right now. His project was one of the last projects to get fenced up. He's like, I just saw that you fenced it up, and I was like, yeah, we had to. But, he just nodded. He's just like, yeah, that's what you need. Then that's it.

他的项目没有被搜查，对吧？

英文原文

>> His project hasn't been raided, right?

他的没有。

英文原文

>> His has not.

很多建筑商投资购买了安防监控摄像头。

英文原文

>> Many builders invested in security cameras.

是的，通过我的手机24小时全天候录像，即使在晚上也是。带摄像头的10英尺高、4乘4的立柱，太阳能供电。你看，我们看到了明尼苏达州那个女士身上发生了什么。上帝保佑千万别让我们哪个工人遇上那样的事，不管是怎样，或是发生在我们哪个人身上，我们要是卷入某种冲突，然后他们在这里找到这些枪手。

英文原文

>> Yeah, through my phone record 24/7, even at night. Big 10-ft 4 by 4 poles with cameras, solar power. Look, we saw what happened with that lady up in Minnesota. God forbid something like that happens to one of our workers, whatever, one of us, we get into some kind of scuffle and they find these shooters on here.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

你知道的，大伙儿，我们得安装摄像头。

英文原文

>> You know, y'all, we need to put cameras.

很多人指示手下的施工队，如果 ICE 出现，不要跟他们说话。但是，无论做什么，千万别跑。

英文原文

>> Many instructed their crews that if ICE shows up, don't talk to them. But, whatever you do, don't run.

这是关键。千万别跑开。直接进屋里去。那个施工现场，别去理会[音乐]。

英文原文

>> That's the key. Do not run away. Just go inside the house. That job site, ignore [music] it.

那样做肯定特别难，比如……

英文原文

>> That must be such a hard thing to do, like

太难了。我经常这么告诫，对自己也这么说，但我……我能想象要是换作他们的处境，如果遇到那种事会是什么感觉。

英文原文

>> It's so tough. I preach it, I say it to myself, but I I can imagine like being in their shoes when if that happens.

权利困惑与种族视角的觉醒

但是，他们知道这一切都只是权宜之计。这解决不了问题。

英文原文

>> But, they knew all of this was only a stopgap. It wasn't fixing the problem.

大家非常关心我们实际到底拥有哪些权利。

英文原文

>> People are really concerned about what our actual rights are.

他们很困惑，因为这些施工工地难道不属于私人领地吗？

英文原文

>> They were confused because weren't these job sites private property?

作为土地所有者，我们的立场和权益在哪里？我们不清楚。

英文原文

>> Where do we as landowners stand? We don't know that.

他们告诉我，他们觉得执法人员在利用那些不懂自己权利的工人。然而，他们自己是公民，面对自己的权利同样一头雾水。

英文原文

>> They told me they felt agents were taking advantage of workers who didn't know their rights. But, here they were citizens, and they were puzzled about their rights, too.

所以，这就像是，我们到底在干什么？我是说，该死。在没有搜查令的情况下进行种族定性，他们只凭最低限度的理由就说：“嘿，让我进去。”那最低限度的理由是什么？因为他们是棕色人种，而且在干建筑？

英文原文

>> So, it's like, what are we doing? I mean, [ __ ] The racial profiling when you don't have a warrant, they're using the bare minimum to say, "Hey, let me go in there." And what's the bare minimum? They're brown and they're working construction?

对 STBA 的一些建筑商来说，

英文原文

>> To some builders in the STBA,

这不对劲。

英文原文

>> It's not right.

这整件事开始让人觉得带有种族主义色彩。

英文原文

>> This all starting to feel racist.

我的意思是，这就是种族主义。说实在的，这就是种族主义。

英文原文

>> I mean, it's racist. Like, let's be real. It's racist.

这对格兰德河谷的许多人来说，几乎是难以置信的。

英文原文

>> Which, for many in the Rio Grande Valley, was almost unbelievable.

我们周围有一层小小的保护壳。

英文原文

>> We have a little shell around us.

他们中的许多人告诉我，由于河谷大部分是拉丁裔，

英文原文

>> Many of them told me that because the Valley is mostly Latino,

你习惯了不会被种族定性。你习惯了不会被骂侮辱性字眼，或者……

英文原文

>> you're used to not being racially profiled. You're used to not being called slur's or

他们以前确实从不需要去多想种族主义。

英文原文

>> They never really had to think much about racism.

在河谷这里，种族主义在这根本就不是个事儿。

英文原文

>> Here in the Valley, like, racism is not a thing here.

而且这并不仅是针对无证工人。你……你是否曾害怕只是走在大街上、过你普通的生活？你心里有恐惧吗？

英文原文

>> And it wasn't just directed toward undocumented workers. Do you Are are you ever afraid to just walk around, live your normal life? Do you have any fear?

呃，我……我是说，这念头在我脑海里闪过过。正因为这样，我才会随身携带我的……我的身份证件。

英文原文

>> Um I I mean, it it's crossed my mind. That's why I'm like carrying my my ID with me.

于是，许多建筑商开始随身携带驾照和护照。

英文原文

>> So, many builders started carrying around their driver's licenses, their passports.

作为一名美国公民，心里却有这种状态，感到挺悲哀的，去……

英文原文

>> It's sad to to have that state of mind as a United States citizen to

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

担心自己可能随时遭到盘问。但在眼下，这就是我们面临的现实，尤其是在我们这儿。

英文原文

>> have a fear that potentially you could be questioned. But, at the moment, that's the reality that we're facing, especially down here.

他们中的一些人自己也曾被拦下。

英文原文

>> Some of them got pulled over themselves.

我当时就问：“为什么……你们为什么要拦我？”我停下了我的工作货车。我……我不知道他们为什么拦我，但他向我索要证件。我说：“我是美国公民。我刚下班出来，兄弟。”就这。然后他就放我走了。然后心里就觉得：“我的天哪，这到底算怎么回事？”你知道的，这真把我惹火了。

英文原文

>> And I was like, "Why why are you stopping me?" And I stopped my work truck. I I don't know why they stopped me, but he asked me for papers. I'm like, "I'm a US citizen. I just came from work, brother." That's it. And then he let me off. And then it's like, "Oh my god, what the hell is this?" You know, it pisses me off.

那大概是在一月份。当全美上下都因明尼阿波利斯发生的 ICE 击杀勒内·阿兰达（Rene Aranda）事件而震惊动荡之际，STBA 采取了不同的行动。他们在马丁·路德·金纪念日那天召开了另一场会议。

英文原文

>> It was around January. And while the entire country was reeling from the ICE killing of Rene Aranda in Minneapolis, the STBA did something different. They held another meeting on Martin Luther King Day.

当我定下[音乐]开会日期的时候，我根本都不知道那是马丁·路德·金纪念日。

英文原文

>> When I set the [music] date for the meeting, I didn't even know it was Martin Luther King Day.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

这个日子以前对马里奥来说没有多大意义。但是，当会议日程定下来后，他开始去了解它。

英文原文

>> The day didn't mean much to Mario before. But, when the meeting was set, he started to look into it.

当我意识到这一点时，我开始去听马丁·路德·金的演讲。因为小时候我从来没真正注意过他到底在讲些什么。如今作为一个成年人，我听着他的演讲，心里想：“天哪，这跟我们正在经历的事情太像了。感觉……感觉非常具有针对性。就像我们的权利被剥夺了一样。我是说，感觉就是那样。对我们的文化群体来说，感受就是那样。”

英文原文

>> When I realized it, I started listening to Martin Luther King's speeches. Cuz I had never really paid attention to him as a child of what he was talking about. Now as an adult, I was listening to him and I'm like, "Man, this resembles what we're going through. It feels It feels very targeted. Like our rights have been taken away. I mean, it feels like that. Like that's how it feels to our culture.

请大家起立低头默祷好吗？

英文原文

>> May we rise and bow our heads, please?

他们邀请了国会议员。

英文原文

>> They invited members of Congress.

天父上帝，我要为你在此处的每一个人献上感谢，上帝。

英文原文

>> I want to thank you, Father God, for every person that's here, God.

在简短的祷告后，STBA 播放了一段视频

英文原文

>> And after a quick prayer, the STBA played a video

[音乐]

英文原文

[music]

马丁·路德·金的……

英文原文

of Martin Luther King.

打开你们俄罗斯那个极权国家。也许我能理解其中的一些非法禁令。

英文原文

Turn on your Russia totalitarian country. Maybe I could understand SOME OF THESE ILLEGAL INJUNCTIONS.

紧挨着最近在山谷地区（the Valley）进行 ICE 突击搜捕的镜头。

英文原文

Next to footage of recent ICE raids in the Valley.

南德州建筑商协会的诉求与探讨

我长话短说。我们作为一个社区，正在经历一些非常艰难的时期。仅从我们地区，就有超过 9,000 人被驱逐出境。我们是一群爱好和平的人。我们工作非常努力。你们在任何地方都没看到像在其他地区那样的骚乱。我们只是各司其职，埋头苦干。我们修补好那块没浇筑完的混凝土平板，然后继续前行。感谢各位的光临。我很感激大家，我们开始谈吧。

英文原文

I'm going to keep this very brief. We, as a community, are going through some really hard times. Over 9,000 people have been deported just out of our area. We are a peaceful people. We work really hard. Nowhere did you see disruption like you've seen in other areas. We simply do what we do. We fix that concrete slab that didn't get poured, and we move forward. Thank you for being here. I appreciate y'all, and let's talk.

谢谢。早上好。大家早上好，感谢大家今天邀请我来这里。我是国会议员……

英文原文

Thank you. Good morning. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for having me here today. I am Congresswoman

在国会议员们作完自我介绍之后，

英文原文

And after the members of Congress introduced themselves,

大家好。我叫亨利·奎利亚尔（Henry Cuellar），第 28 选区国会议员。

英文原文

to all of you. My name is Henry Cuellar, Congressman, District 28.

胡利奥（Julio）站起身来，就他们的权利提出了一些问题。

英文原文

Julio gets up and asks some questions about their rights.

我们想明确了解法律。在工作场所执法方面，什么可以做，什么不能做？

英文原文

We want to know the law clearly. What can and what can't be done on worksite enforcements?

谁才是法律？

英文原文

Who is the law?

然后，他传达了自己的心声。

英文原文

And then, he sends his own message.

我的意思是，你们应该……你们在明尼阿波利斯那边有人，那里的白人都群情激愤、准备反抗。然后你们来到这里的拉美裔社区（la raza）。我们安分守己。我们在工作。我们不闹事。没人闹事。设想一下，如果我们也愤怒抗议，去社交媒体上把大家召集起来。我们不需要那么做。我们已经超越了那种阶段。我们在这里是一股强大的力量。我们平日保持沉默。但别去唤醒那只老虎，伙计，因为我们要是发起疯来……我们是动真格的，对吧？抱歉，这是我骨子里的街头匪气，但是……我们来开始找些解决办法吧。所以，如果你们能给我们一些反馈，奎利亚尔先生，德拉克鲁斯（de la Cruz）女士，我们就可以开始圆桌讨论了。谢谢。

英文原文

I mean, you should you got people up in in Minneapolis, all the white people are up in arms. Then you come here to the raza. We mind our business. We're working. We don't fight. No one's fighting. Imagine if we get up in arms and we go on social media and we rally everybody up. We don't need to do that. We're beyond that. We're a powerful bunch down here. We're quiet. But just don't wake up that tiger, man, because we get crazy. And we get down, right? Sorry, that's the album in me, but Let's Let's start some solutions. So, if you guys can give us some feedback, Mr. Cuellar, Ms. de la Cruz, we can start a round table discussion. Thank you.

那么，呃，我先来开始这个讨论。嗯，首先，感谢大家今天的到来。

英文原文

So, uh I'll begin this discussion. Um number one, thank you everyone for being here today.

德拉克鲁斯议员尝试作出了回答。

英文原文

Congresswoman de la Cruz takes a stab at an answer.

我们是立法者。

英文原文

We're legislators.

他们正在讨论立法方案，或许是创建一个新的工作签证项目。

英文原文

They're discussing legislative options, maybe creating a new work visa program.

我们正在关注某些立法法案。奎利亚尔议员谈到了他在拨款方面的工作。

英文原文

There's certain pieces of legislation that we are looking at. And Congressman Cuellar talks about his work on appropriations.

寻求对 ICE 进行某种监管。

英文原文

to find some sort of oversight for ICE.

对 ICE 严加看管。在会议结束前，另一位 STBA（南德州建筑商协会）董事会成员作了最后的恳求。

英文原文

for going girls on ICE. And before the meeting adjourns, another STBA board member makes a final plea.

有很多人，我有许多工人已经很多年没能见到家人了。他们在这里待了 10 年、20 年、30 年。他们的父母、祖父母正在离世，他们中的一些人撇下了孩子，至今没能去探望自己的孩子。这就是他们想要的。他们只是想能够跨过边境，看看亲戚，看看家人。入籍固然是好事，但归根结底，那不是他们所追求的。他们只是想能够工作。而我们作为建筑商，只是想能够把房子盖完。我们想要能够往前推进。这是我们唯一知晓的生活方式。这是我们唯一从事的事情。我们只是想能够继续工作。

英文原文

There's many people that I have many workers that haven't been able to see their families for many years. They've been here for 10, 20, 30 years. And their parents are dying, their grandparents, and some of them left children behind and they haven't been able to go see their children. And that's what they want. They just want to be able to cross across the border, see their relatives, see their families. Citizenship is good, but at the end, that's not what they're looking for. They just want to be able to work. And we as builders, we just want to be able to finish our homes. We want to be able to move forward. This is the only way of life that we know. This is the only thing we do. And we just want to be able to continue working.

嗯，我认为……

英文原文

Well, I think that what

[音乐]

英文原文

[music]

前往华盛顿国会山

会议结束后，我问马里奥（Mario），他是否认为他们得到了关于自身权利的明确答案。

英文原文

After the meeting, I asked Mario about whether he thought they got a clear answer about their rights.

噢，没有。没有，完全没有。我的意思是，问题就在这儿。我们根本没能拿到答案。

英文原文

Oh, no. No, no. I mean, that's the thing. We weren't able to get an answer.

那你觉得为什么你们没能在那件事上得到明确的回答？

英文原文

And why don't you think you were able to get a clear answer on that?

因为我认为他们自己也不知道。而且我认为他们不想对我们撒谎。我认为他们明白，我们现在正处于一个非常微妙的特殊历史时刻。那非常令人害怕。

英文原文

Because I don't believe that they know it. And I don't believe that they want to lie to us. I believe that they understand that it's a very interesting moment in time we're at right now. And that's very frightening.

但马里奥和董事会觉得他们理应得到一个解释。于是他们询问那些国会议员，能否在华盛顿安排一次会面，以便与特朗普政府的高层领导人面谈。甚至可能直接与特朗普总统本人面谈。而事情正是这样推进的。他们飞往了华盛顿，

英文原文

But Mario and the board felt they were owed an explanation. So they asked those members of Congress whether they could arrange a meeting in Washington to talk to leaders in the Trump administration. Maybe even President Trump himself. And that's exactly what happened. They flew to Washington

[音乐]

英文原文

[music]

步入了国会大厦。

英文原文

and walked into the Capitol.

你以前去过那里吗？

英文原文

Had you been there before?

从来没有。

英文原文

Never.

看到那一切是什么感觉？

英文原文

What was that like to see?

我简直不敢相信自己站在那里。我当时就像在说：“哇，简直不敢相信。”我是和我父亲一起去的，因为他也是董事会的一员。他是董事会成员之一。

英文原文

I couldn't believe that I was there. I was like, "Wow, like I couldn't believe it." And I was there with my dad cuz he's part of the board. Like he's one of the board members.

我们走进去，那里……

英文原文

And we go in there and it's

我们赶到了那里，一群墨西哥人走进去，心里想着：“哇，伙计，我们建成了这些。”于是我们环顾四周，看到了一切，看到了所有的宏伟与壮丽。

英文原文

So we show up, a bunch of Mexicans show up and we're like, "Wow, man, we came to build this." So we're looking around and everything and it's and we see how great everything is.

我只是静静地站在那里，沉浸其中。你知道，连我父亲都说：“要不是因为你，我们这里没有一个人会有机会站在这里。”那感觉真的太棒了。我只是觉得，比赛时刻到了。对我来说这就是比赛时刻。我想：“好了，兄弟，你只有这唯一一次机会。这是你挺身而出、大干一场的唯一机会了。”

英文原文

I just stood there and I soaked it in. And you know, even my dad said like "Not one of us would have ever been here if it wasn't for you." It was really cool. And I just felt like it was game time. This is game time to me. I was like, "All right, bro, like you got your one shot. This is your one opportunity to step the [ __ ] up."

奎利亚尔议员安排了为期两天[音乐]与其他国会议员的会晤。

英文原文

Congressman Cuellar had arranged two days [music] of meetings with other members of Congress.

那是整整一天的会面。排得满满当当的一天会面。

英文原文

And it was a full day of meetings. Full day of meetings.

包括国土安全[音乐]与农业小组委员会的主席。

英文原文

Including the chairman [music] of the Homeland Security and Agriculture subcommittees.

就像是密集的连环会面。

英文原文

Like crazy meetings.

我们与人们交谈，我们展现出真实的自己。我们会对人们讲真话。我们会告诉你们我们需要什么。我们告诉所有人：“我们不是政客。我们来这里是为了寻求帮助。”

英文原文

We talk to people and we are who we are. We will tell people the truth. We'll tell you what we need. And we told everybody, "We're not politicians. We are here asking for help."

你在那时觉得有希望吗……

英文原文

Did you at that point feel hopeful that

是的，非常有希望。

英文原文

Yes, big time.

确实。

英文原文

Yeah.

超级……嗯……充满爱国情怀。

英文原文

Super um patriotic.

对董事会来说，这是一个有力的契机。

英文原文

To the board, it was a powerful opportunity.

感觉就像：“噢，该死的，太好了。这就是美国。太棒了。”

英文原文

Like, "Oh, [ __ ] Okay. This is the US. Like awesome.

[音乐]

英文原文

[music]

只要你敢于发声，就能把事情办成。是的，这就是运转中的民主。我们是搞劳工的人。那绝对是个自豪的时刻。绝对让人起鸡皮疙瘩。是的。

英文原文

If you speak up, you can get things done. Yeah, this is democracy in action. We We're labor guys. Like proud moment for sure. Goosebumps for sure. Yeah.

董事会提出了政策构想，

英文原文

The board threw out policy ideas

我们一家家敲门，

英文原文

We're knocking on doors

一边穿行在国会大厦的走廊上。

英文原文

while walking the halls of Congress.

是的，我的意思是我们在到处提出这样的想法：嘿，不要把我们的老师傅（maestros）赶走。你们知道……

英文原文

Yeah, I mean we were throwing around the idea of hey, don't get rid of our maestros. You know

要是你们不去打扰我们的老师傅呢？

英文原文

What if you leave our maestros alone?

发挥他们的才能，以及我们作为社会多年来积累创造的财富。让我们用好他们，教授我们的孩子，然后比如，好，现在我们创办许多职业技术学校，这将造福于整个美国，而这一切都源自那些坚信美国梦的劳动者之手，因为在南德州，美国梦依然生机勃勃。难道这不是一个更好的构想吗？那对所有人都会是一件大好事。我们去哪里能找到有 25 年经验的框架工呢？你们却要把他们驱逐出境。

英文原文

Use their talents and the asset that we created over the years as as a society. Let's use them, teach our kids and like okay, now we start a bunch of trade schools that are going to benefit the rest of the United States and all came from labor hands that believed in the American dream because in South Texas, the American dream is alive and well. Wouldn't that have been a better idea? That would have been great for everybody. Where are we going to get a 25-year experienced framer? You ship them out.

[音乐]

英文原文

[music]

但随着 STBA 参加了一场又一场的会面，他们无法判断这些建议是否有任何一项获得了实质推进。

英文原文

But as the STBA went to meeting after meeting they couldn't tell if any of this was getting traction.

为什么我们明明是世界上最好的国家，却无法帮助大家？为什么？但我们却能有埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）这样的亿万富翁往天上发射火箭。得了吧，老兄。

英文原文

Why is it that we're the best country in the world that we can't help people? Why? But we can have billionaires like Elon Musk shooting rockets to the sky. Come on, bro.

与 ICE 官员的直接交锋

不过，至少在最起码的层面上，

英文原文

At the very least though,

[音乐]

英文原文

[music]

他们可以获得有关自身权利的一些基本解答。正是在那时，他们与数名 ICE 官员见了面。

英文原文

they could get some basic answers about their rights. And that's when they met with several ICE officials.

[音乐]

英文原文

[music]

我们走进了与 ICE 的会面中，

英文原文

We get into the meeting with ICE

在那次会面后致电了马里奥。

英文原文

called Mario after that meeting.

我们在会上展开了激烈的言语交锋。嘿，你们……

英文原文

And we're going at it back and forth. Hey, you guys

他说，他们向对方提出的首批问题之一就是：

英文原文

He said one of the first questions they asked them was

嘿，你们正在闯入我们的工地上。

英文原文

Hey, you guys are coming into our job sites.

我们的施工工地难道不是私有财产吗？

英文原文

Aren't our job sites private property?

那位 ICE 官员说，嗯，美国政府不把任何财产视为私有财产，除非它被完全封闭起来。正如我们所言，执法人员不需要出示任何搜查令，因为没有任何东西阻止普通平民走进你们的工地。所以我们当时就觉得，好吧，好吧，好吧。我说，好的，长官。

英文原文

The ICE official says, well, the United States government doesn't consider any property to be private property unless it is fully enclosed. No law enforcement needs to show any warrant as we said because there's nothing that is stopping a civilian from walking your job site. So we were like, okay, okay, okay. I was like, okay, sir.

嗯。

英文原文

Mhm.

那么，如果我走到你居住的街区，站在你家的草坪上，我这算非法侵入吗？他回答说：“现在不是耍小聪明的时候。”

英文原文

So if I go to your neighborhood where you live and I stand on your grass, am I trespassing? He goes, "It's not time to be smart."

到了 9 月份，即这次会面大约 7 个月后，阿拉巴马州的一家联邦法院实际上就此问题发表了裁决。它支持了建筑商的主张。法官裁定，对建筑工地的无证搜查事实上是非法的。STBA 董事会转入了另一个话题。为什么执法人员要逮捕持有有效文件的人？其中一位官员回答说：

英文原文

In September, about 7 months after this meeting, a federal court in Alabama actually weighed in on this. It agreed with the builders. The judge ruled that warrantless searches of construction sites were in fact illegal. The STBA board moved to another topic. Why are agents arresting people with valid paperwork? One of the officials answered,

“如果一个人的合法文件是在特朗普政府之前发放给他们的，

英文原文

"If a person with proper documentation that was given to them prior to the Trump administration,

是的。

英文原文

Yeah.

本届政府不会将任何此类文件视为有效。不是拜登政府发放的，不是奥巴马政府发放的，不是布什政府发放的，也不是特朗普之前的任何人发放的。”我跟你讲，他就是这么对我们说的。我们当时就想：“你这是什么意思？”于是，我问那个人。我说：“那么，这届政府和那届政府之间有什么区别？它们应该是同一个政府。它……

英文原文

this administration is not going to consider any paperwork valid. Not that was given by Biden's administration, Obama's, or Bush's, or anyone's prior to Trump. I'm telling you, that's what he told us. And we were like, "What do you mean?" So, I asked the guy. I was like, "So, what's the difference between this government and that government? It should be the same government. It

应该换另一个人来管事，你知道吧，我猜是通过该死的电视在跟我们说话。”

英文原文

should just be a different person that's running, you know, I guess talking to us through a [ __ ] TV."

在某个时刻，理事会对其中一名移民及海关执法局（ICE）官员说：“你们在山谷地区抓的人，他们很多人手里的这些文件依然有效，你们抓错人了。”

英文原文

>> At some point, the board told one of the ICE officials, "The people you're arresting in the valley, many of whom have this paperwork that's still valid, they're the wrong people."

你们为什么不去抓拜登政府放进来的人？你们却去抓那些已经在这里呆了15年、20年的人。就是说，你们到底在干什么？你们为什么要恐吓勤勤恳恳工作的人？

这是对社会的恐怖主义式袭击。

而他只是沉默不语。

英文原文

>> Why are you not going after the people that the Biden administration came out? You're going after people that have been here for 15 years, 20 years. Like, what what are you doing? Why is it that you're terrorizing hard-working people?

It is a terroristic attack on society.

And he just stayed quiet.

呵。

英文原文

>> Huh.

全都是谎言。

全都是谎言。

然后我对他说，我说：“听着，我一路飞到华盛顿特区——

英文原文

>> It's all a lie.

It's all a lie.

Then I told him, I was like, "Look, I flew all the way to DC

嗯。

英文原文

>> Mhm.

——好让你能听到一个没有任何政治背景的人的声音。我不是政客。

我是个商人。

我的重点是，我是作为一个特朗普选民来告诉你的，作为一个支持过特朗普的人，我三次都投给了他，我也因为这样做收到了死亡威胁。正因为我所做的事情，我告诉他：

“提醒你们一句，你们他妈的要输了。你们他妈的把我们给骗了。你们这些人现在的所作所为，你们他妈的会输的，兄弟。

而且我可以向你保证，山谷地区绝不会再遭突击搜查了。”

房间里[音乐]死一般寂静。

英文原文

>> so that you can hear it from somebody that has has no political ties. I'm not a politician.

I'm a businessman.

My thing is, I came to tell you as a Trump voter, as somebody that supported Trump, and I voted for him all three times, and I've gotten death threats for doing that. Because of what I'm doing, I told him,

"Just so you know, you're going to [ __ ] lose. You [ __ ] tricked us. What you guys are doing, you're going to [ __ ] lose, bro.

And I can guarantee you the valley will never be raided again.

There [music] was dead silence in the room.

我们就这次会面核实了库埃利亚尔（Cuellar）众议员办公室以及当时在场的其他人，并证实了马里奥（Mario）的叙述以及所讨论的问题。

我也向移民及海关执法局询问了这次会面，以及马里奥关于官员对南得州建筑协会（STBA）所作回答的叙述，但从未收到回复。

英文原文

>> We checked with Congressman Cuellar's office about this meeting, as well as others who were there, and were able to confirm Mario's account and the issues discussed.

I also asked ICE about the meeting and Mario's account of the answers the officials gave to the STBA, but never received a response.

我们一从华盛顿特区回来，我的一位在移民及海关执法局工作的客户就真的给我发了短信，说：

“嘿，能给你打个电话吗？”然后他说：“我不知道你到底在华盛顿搞了什么鬼，但我们刚接到严厉的命令，要求我们必须停止对工地的袭击。”

英文原文

>> Soon as we got back from Washington D.C., a client of mine works for ICE. He actually texts me and he goes,

"Hey, can I call you?" And he's like, "I don't know what the hell you did in Washington, but we just got strict orders that we need to stop attacking job sites."

哇。

英文原文

>> Wow.

他就是这么对我说的。

说是我们应该停止恐吓工地。

英文原文

>> That's what he told me.

That we should stop terrorizing job sites.

执法的缓和与反弹

马里奥说突击搜查似乎确实慢了下来，

但平静并没持续多久。

几个月后的6月，国会通过了《安全美国法案》（Secure America Act），移民及海关执法局和边境巡逻队获得了额外700亿的资金，导致逮捕行动激增。

而在7月，单日就在山谷地区逮捕了200多人。

同样在那个月，一名移民及海关执法局特工在向北5处的休斯敦开枪打死了框架工人洛伦佐·萨尔加多·阿劳霍（Lorenzo Salgado Araujo）。

英文原文

>> Mario said the raids did seem to slow down,

but the quiet didn't last long.

A few months later in June, Congress passed the Secure America Act, and ICE and Border Patrol were given an additional 70 billion in funding, leading to a surge of arrests.

And in July, more than 200 people were arrested in the valley in a single day.

And that same month, an ICE agent shot and killed Lorenzo Salgado Araujo, a framer, 5 north in Houston.

当他们在休斯敦杀死洛伦佐·萨尔加多时，

他们杀死了美国梦。

他没有带武器。他没有在躲避警察。他是在早上去上班，就像一个相信美国梦的人被教导的那样做。醒来，早起，做好你的工作，挣一份正经薪资，供养你的家人，供他们上学，

你知道吧，

美国梦，对吧？而呃，我们把那个人给打死了。

是啊。

英文原文

>> When they killed Lorenzo Salgado in Houston,

they killed the American dream.

He wasn't carrying. He wasn't running from the police. He was going to work in the morning like a person that believes in the American dream was taught to do. Wake up, get up early, do your job, earn an honest pay, feed your family, put them through school,

you know,

the American dream, right? And uh we shot that guy.

Yeah.

我能听出这位建筑商内心的挣扎。在一个随时能夺走你生活的国家里建立生活，到底意味着什么？

英文原文

>> I could hear Builder struggling. What does it mean to build a life in a country that can take it away in an instant?

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

框架工人A每天都在直面这个问题。

英文原文

>> A, the framer, was living that question daily.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

他也听说了那起命案。

但从某些方面来说，他对眼前所见并没有那么意外。

A知道，山谷地区一直存在着把人隔开的无形界线。

即便在移民及海关执法局到来之前，人们并不怎么谈论它。

A直到13岁左右[音乐]才意识到自己没有合法身份，当时一个朋友邀请他去邻县钓鱼。

英文原文

>> He heard about the killing, too.

But in some ways, he was less surprised by what he was seeing.

A knew there had always been these invisible lines separating people in the valley.

Even if people didn't talk about it much before ICE arrived.

A had no idea he was undocumented until he was around 13 [music] and a friend invited him on a fishing trip the next county over.

当[音乐]我朋友的妈妈来接我们时，

她问我有没有身份证件。

我就问：“怎么了？”

她说：“因为[音乐]有个检查站，以防他们拦我们。”

英文原文

>> And when [music] my friend's mom went to pick us up,

she asked me if I had an ID.

And I'm like, "Why?"

She like, "Cuz there's [music] a checkpoint just in case they stop us."

边境巡逻队在里奥格兰德山谷的公路沿线设有检查站。

英文原文

>> Border Patrol operates checkpoints along highways in the Rio Grande Valley.

然后[音乐]我就说：“啊？我肯定有啊。”所以我去问我妈妈，她说：“哦，不，那你就不能去了。”我就问：“为什么？”她[音乐]说：“因为你不是在这儿出生的。你是在墨西哥出生的。”

我当时就愣了：“什么？”她说：“对，我是说，

我之前没告诉你是因为[音乐]呃你不会懂，但你确实不是在这儿出生的。

所以你不能去过[音乐]检查站。”所以那就是我发现自己是在那里出生的时候。

英文原文

>> And [music] I was like, "What? I'm sure I have one." So I asked my mom and she said, "Oh, no, then you can't go." I'm like, "Why?" She [music] like, "Cuz you were not born here. You were born in Mexico."

And I was like, "What?" And she like, "Yeah, I mean,

I hadn't told you because [music] uh you wouldn't understand, but you were not born here.

So you can't be crossing [music] a checkpoint." So that's the moment I I found out I was a I was born over there.

那你当时是怎么想的？就像，你是怎么接受[哧笑]这件事的？

英文原文

>> And what did you think? Like, what did you How did you process [snorts] that?

我是说，这就像是当头一棒，对吧？但

我的意思是，到头来，我们什么也改变不了。

英文原文

>> I mean, it was like a hard hit to take, right? But

I mean, eventually, we can't change anything.

A必须设法在为他设定的界限之内谋划未来。

当他成为一名框架工人时，他发现其他人也是如此。他告诉我，至少在刚开始的时候，跟他一起干活的人都没有身份。

英文原文

>> A had to figure out a future that fit within the boundaries set for him.

And when he became a framer, he found others doing the same. He told me that at least in the beginning, no one he worked with had papers.

从来没有。没有。没有。有身份的人通常不干这种活。他们不干。

英文原文

>> Never. No. No. People with papers don't usually do this type of work. They don't.

但几年前被拖欠工钱时，他才真正体会到了自己的合法身份问题。

你觉得那次被拖欠工钱损失了多少钱？

英文原文

>> But he really felt his legal status when a couple of years ago he wasn't paid.

And how much money do you think you lost on that paid?

嗯，大概8000块左右。

英文原文

>> Um 8 grand more or less.

光是你一个人，还是你们整组人？

英文原文

>> Just to you or your whole crew?

不，就我自己。

英文原文

>> No, just to me.

我听过很多[清嗓子]像Ace这样无证劳工拿不到工钱的故事，也有劳工报复的故事，比如闯入他们盖的房子里去割石膏板或在墙上喷漆。

但Ace说他什么都没做。

英文原文

>> I've heard a lot of [clears throat] stories like Ace's of undocumented workers not being paid and stories where the workers take revenge like break into a house they built and cut the sheetrock or spray paint the walls.

But Ace said he didn't do anything like that.

怎么说呢，我是指

我们被绑住手脚了，你懂我的意思吧？

如果我们去跟他们争执或起冲突，

到头来最终吃亏的还是我们。

为什么我们直接就那么算了呢，因为呃

我们总有得有失。他们迟早会有报应的。

我们就把它交到上帝手中，他会处理的。

英文原文

>> What I mean

we're tied up, you get me?

If we start an argument or conflict with them

we'll lose eventually at the end of the day.

Why we just leave left them like that cuz uh

we win some, we lose some. Eventually they'll get their karma.

We'll just leave it to God's hands and he'll take care of it.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

被拘留的经历

Ace被拘留时，他经常祈祷。

英文原文

>> When Ace was in detention, he prayed a lot.

你饿着肚子去睡觉，胃里因为饥饿而火烧火燎。第一周、两周，你就会瘦掉15到20磅。我是说，这真是让人难以置信。

英文原文

>> You go to bed starving, your stomach burns because you're hungry. First week, 2 weeks, you lose 15-20 lb. I mean it's it's incredible.

他们平时给你们吃什么？

英文原文

>> What was the food that they were feeding you?

有时候他们就只给我们两块鸡肉，

一点点米饭，

然后只有水。

就这些。我猜仅仅是让你不至于死掉。

英文原文

>> Sometimes they would just give us two chickens

and a little bit of rice

and just water.

That's it. Just so you don't die, I'm guessing.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

就只是保住你的命。

英文原文

>> It's just to keep you alive.

他告诉我，他的孩子们看到他在那里感到很困惑。

英文原文

>> He told me his kids were confused to see him there.

我——我儿子——

英文原文

>> My my son

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

是我唯一的男孩，他开始变得很有攻击性。

当他来看我时，他就会一直抱着我，不肯让我把他放下来。

英文原文

>> is my only boy, he started becoming really aggressive.

When he would come see me, he would just hug me and he wouldn't he wouldn't want me to put him down.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

他就会一直抱着我，一边哭一边抱着我，当看守警官说：“嘿，时间到了。该离开了。”

他就会哭起来，他会开始——我是说——往我身上靠，拉着我，不肯离开。

但是在那种地方，呃，

这——这——

这是一种无助感。

太屈辱了，那个地方我——我连我最痛恨的敌人都绝不希望他进去。

英文原文

>> He would just be hugging me and he would be crying and hugging me and when the officers would be like, "Hey, your time's up. It's time to leave."

He would start crying, he would start I mean, pushing himself towards me, pulling me that he didn't want to leave.

But I mean, being in there and uh

it's it's

it's a feeling of helplessness.

It's humiliating, it's some place I I wouldn't wish my worst enemy to be in.

许多周之后，他获准了移民保释。

他说是一位朋友借钱给他付了保释金。

英文原文

>> Many weeks later, he was granted immigration bond.

He said a friend loaned him the money to pay for it.

我的孩子们哭了，我抱住了他们。

我也抱了我的妻子。

那真是一种美好的感觉。我知道我又自由了。

英文原文

>> My kids are crying, I hugged them.

I hugged my wife, too.

It was really nice feeling. I knew I was free again.

而就在第二天，他又回到了工地上。

英文原文

>> And the very next day, he was back on the job site.

就在第二天，因为呃

我拖欠了房租。我拖欠了呃皮卡的还款。我拖欠了电费、水费、话费。

我什么都逾期未付了。每一样东西都逾期了，是的。所以，我必须得去干活。

英文原文

>> The very very next day because uh

I was uh late on the rent. I was late on my uh truck payments. I was late on the light, the water, the phone bills.

I was late on everything. Every single thing, yes. So, I had to get to work.

自从他出来之后，他就成了抢手人选。

伴随着用工荒，他说自己每天能接10到12份图纸。

而且和山谷地区的大多数人一样，他也在招工。

英文原文

>> Since he's been out, he's high in demand.

With the worker shortage, he says he gets 10 to 12 blueprints a day.

And like much of the valley, he's also looking for workers.

我正在试图招人。

英文原文

>> I'm trying to recruit people.

拥有合法身份或公民身份的工人。

英文原文

>> Workers who are legal or citizens.

直接对他们挑明说：“嘿，不是故意冒犯，但你有社会安全号吗？”

英文原文

>> Tell them straight up like, "Hey, not being mean, but do you have a social security?"

还是这样？

英文原文

>> Still?

我们碰到过几辆皮卡开过去，而且——

英文原文

>> We've had couple trucks pass by and

他觉得已经看到几辆移民及海关执法局的车辆开过去了。

英文原文

>> He thinks he's already seen a few ICE vehicles drive by.

我当时在屋顶上。所以，

我一看到他们过来，

就觉得害怕。是的，我——

我脑子里闪过很多念头，

比如：“要是他们叫我下来怎么办？要是呃

他们又逮捕我怎么办？要是呃

他们实际上不把我送去伊莎贝尔港（Port Isabel），而是直接把我带到入境口岸，直接把我踢出国怎么办？

我是说，你脑子里会闪过很多想法。”所以，

但胡利奥（Julio），他是这一切的业主，

所以他把他们赶走了，并且把入口锁上了。

所以，有了围栏我们觉得稍微安全了一些。

那真挺——挺吓人的。是的。

英文原文

>> I was on the roof. So,

as soon as I saw them come,

I felt scared. Yes, I

A lot of things went through my mind

like, "What if they start asking me to get off? What if uh

they arrest me again? What if uh

they don't actually take me to Port Isabel and they take me directly to the port of entry and they just kick me out?

I mean, a lot of things go through your head." So,

but Julio, he's the owner of all this,

so he kicked them out and he locked the entrances.

So, we feel a little bit more safe with the fence.

That was pretty pretty scary. Yes.

他不太理解为什么在特朗普上任后发生的事情会让这么多建筑商猝不及防。

英文原文

>> And he doesn't really get why so many builders were caught off guard by what's happened since Trump took office.

因为我的意思是，

他确实说过他会这么做。他确实说过的。

而让我有些困扰的是

英文原文

>> Because I mean,

he did say he was going to do this. He did say it.

And what bothered me a

很多，这里山谷里的大多数承包商都投了特朗普。他们中的大多数人。胡利奥（Julio）就是其中之一。

英文原文

lot,

the majority of

contractors here in the valley voted for

Trump. The majority of them. Julio being

one of them.

对此你感到愤怒，还是觉得……

英文原文

>> Do you feel like

angry about that or like

我并不觉得愤怒。我只是觉得……呃，有些被背叛了。因为如果没有打地基的人，如果没有做木结构构架的人，如果没有盖房子的人，他们就不会有今天的地位。他们拥有现在的财富，是因为移民，是因为像我们这样为他们搭建房屋架构、靠廉价劳动力做苦力的人。我的意思是，他们是在顾自己的腰包。所以，我猜他们原以为经济会变好，他们会赚更多钱，诸如此类的，但我想这反噬了他们自己。现在他们跑去华盛顿交谈，做这做那，表面上说是为人民发声。我猜他们根本不在乎人民。他们只在乎自己的腰包。事情就是这样。

英文原文

>> I don't feel angry. I just feel uh

somewhat betrayed

because

if it wasn't for the foundation guys, if

it wasn't for the framers,

if it wasn't for the guys that do the

houses, they wouldn't be who they are.

They're in that wealth they have because

of the immigrants, because of people

like us that frame their homes

that do the

hard job

with uh

cheap labor.

I mean, they're they're they're taking

care of their pockets. So, I'm guessing

they thought they were the economy was

going to be better and they were going

to make more money and this and that,

but I mean it backfired on them.

And now they're going to Washington to

talk and to do this and to do that, to

speak up supposedly for the people.

I'm guessing they don't even care about

the people. They just care about their

pockets. That's what it is.

你真的那样觉得？

英文原文

>> You really feel that way?

是的。

英文原文

>> Yes.

A拿他目前的工作为例，说明突击搜查是如何影响房屋建筑商的。

英文原文

>> A used his current job as an example of

how the raids have affected builders.

仅仅是为这栋房子搭建结构框架，让我给你一个确切的数额。

英文原文

>> Just to frame this house, let me give

you an exact amount.

他拿出手机，做了一番速算。我们所站立的这栋房子面积为2900平方英尺。通常情况下，A每平方英尺收费4.50美元来搭建框架。这项工作的总费用是13050美元。

英文原文

>> He pulls out his phone and does some

quick math.

The home we were standing in was 2,900

square feet.

Normally, A would charge $4.50 per

square foot to frame it.

That's $13,050 for the job.

但现在没有竞争，而且他急需尽快把这个框架搭好，我就跟他说：“嘿，我不会收你4.50美元。我要收你5.80美元。”

英文原文

>> But

right now that there's no competition

and he needed this frame ASAP

and I told him, "Hey, I'm not going to

charge you $4.50.

I'm going to charge you $5.80."

现在，他要多收将近4000美元。对A来说，这不是个人恩怨。这纯粹是供求关系。

英文原文

>> Now, he's charging nearly 4,000 more.

For A, it's not personal.

It's just supply and demand.

我的意思是，那就是……那就是你投票选的人。我的意思是，你手头没有更多的结构工了。我是仅存的少数几个结构工之一，如果你想让我做，这就是我的报价；要是不行，你可以继续找别的结构工。

英文原文

>> I mean, that's

that's who you voted for.

And I mean, you don't have any more

framers. I'm one of the few framers that

are left and if you want me to do it,

that's my price and if not

you could keep looking for framers.

你跟他说过那个吗？“那是你选出来的人”？

英文原文

>> Did you tell him that? That's what you

voted for?

说过。是的。因为他说他要去对付移民。他说他要去针对罪犯。而在他眼里，我们全都是罪犯。所以，你明知道他会那么做。每次我对别的承包商说同样的话，他们都默不作声，因为他们知道自己搞砸了。

英文原文

>> Yes.

Yes.

Cuz he said he was going to fraud the

immigrants. He said he was going to go

fraud the criminals.

And for him, we're all criminals. So,

you knew he was going to do that.

And whenever I tell another contractor

the same thing, they stay quiet cuz they

know they messed up.

所以你就有点……你就有点对建筑商协会的那类人嗤之以鼻。

英文原文

>> So, you just you just kind of roll your

eyes at the kind of builders

association guy.

和他们一起。

英文原文

>> with them.

你不站在他们那边。

英文原文

>> You're not with them.

我不站在他们那边，因为……因为他们，我的很多好朋友，做结构的那些人，全都被驱逐出境了。我是说，他们驱逐了我的很多……很多亲近的朋友。我对此……对此有点……呃，很生气。我真的很生气。

英文原文

>> I'm not with them because because of

them

a lot of good friends of mine, framers

and all that got deported. I mean, they

deported a lot of my my close friends.

And I'm I'm kind of uh

upset with it. I really am.

但他也希望这一切很快就会结束。

英文原文

>> But he also hoped it would all be over

soon.

接下来这一周我要进行最终法庭审理。

英文原文

>> And this coming week I have my final

court.

他的终审法庭开庭日即将到来，届时法官［嗤笑］将裁定他是否必须离开这个国家。对于自己的案子，他感到乐观。所以，你很快就会知道……

英文原文

>> His final court day was coming up, where

a judge [snorts] would determine if he

had to leave the country.

And he was feeling optimistic about his

case.

So, you'll know

是的。而且按照上帝的意愿，我们会赢得这个案子。顺应上帝的意愿。我律师说了，那是十拿九稳的事。

英文原文

>> Yes. And

with God's will, we're going to win the

case. With God's will.

So, my lawyer said that that's a home

run.

好的。

英文原文

>> Okay.

你能拿到的。

英文原文

>> You're going to get it.

好的。

英文原文

>> Okay.

但是……

英文原文

>> But

你有一点紧张吗？

英文原文

>> Are you nervous at all?

我很紧张，是的。我很紧张，但我相信上帝。如果他把我放在这个国家，那一定是有原因的，绝不仅仅是为了在24、25年后再被驱逐出境。我知道一切都会好起来的。

英文原文

>> I'm nervous, yes. I'm nervous, but I'm

trusting in God. If he put me in this

country, it's because of something, not

just to get

deported 24, 25 years later.

I know everything's going to be all

right.

Ace的梦想很远大。

英文原文

>> Ace's dreams are big.

我想在人生中有所成就。我也想成为一名……一名开发商。我想成为一名……一名建筑商。如果没有他们向我发放……呃，社安号，这些我一件都做不了，因为信用、贷款、银行贷款，所有事情你都需要社安号。所以我在努力尽快把这事办妥拿到我的社安号，然后开始建这些房子。

英文原文

>> I want to be someone in life. I want to

be a a developer as well. I want to be a

a builder.

And I can't do anything of that without

them granting to me my

uh social security, cuz for credit, for

loans, for bank loans, for everything,

you need a social.

So, I'm trying to get it over with to

get my social ASAP and start doing these

homes.

这件事拖住你了吗？

英文原文

>> Does this hold you back?

是的，这非常拖累我。

英文原文

>> Yes, it's holding me back a lot.

［音乐］

英文原文

>> [music]

而且从小时候起，我就……我就一直想以盖房子为生。建好它们然后卖掉。就像胡利奥做的那样。那是我从小时候……从小时候起就一直想做的事。所以我对此充满期待。［音乐］

英文原文

>> And since I was small, I've I've always

wanted to build homes for a living.

Build them and sell them. Just like what

Julio does. That's what I've been

wanting to do since ever I was since I

was small.

So, I'm looking forward to that. [music]

曾有一位建筑商告诉我，山谷里到处都是榜样。而他们的姓氏［音乐］并不是史密斯（Smith）或约翰逊（Johnson）。他们的姓氏是加西亚（Garcia）、坎图（Cantu）或卡兰萨（Carranza）。就像胡利奥一样。我问了胡利奥关于Ace说的那番话。他说情况很复杂。

英文原文

>> A builder once told me that the Valley

has role models everywhere.

And their last names [music] aren't

Smith or Johnson.

Their last names are Garcia or Cantu

or Carranza.

Like Julio.

I asked Julio about what Ace said. He

said it was complicated.

［音乐］

英文原文

>> [music]

是的，他在乎工人们，但Ace说得没错。

英文原文

>> Yes, he cared for the workers, but Ace

was right.

要是这没影响到我的钱包，我……我真的不会拿这当成什么问题的，你知道的。

英文原文

>> If it wasn't affecting my wallet, I I

really wouldn't make any issue about it,

you know.

如果这在经济上没有影响到他，他是不会去管这些事的。

英文原文

>> He wouldn't be doing any of this if it

didn't affect him financially.

［音乐］

英文原文

>> [music]

但如果……这并不纯粹只是关乎我的生计。是的，那确实跟它有关系。两者都有。

英文原文

>> But if

it's not strictly just about my

livelihood. Yes, that has something to

do with it. It's both.

是的。

英文原文

>> Yeah.

你懂的。

英文原文

>> You know.

我询问了［音乐］南得克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）董事会成员罗尼·卡瓦佐斯（Ronnie Cavazos），关于A做出的评价——即如果没有像他这样的移民劳工，没有哪个建筑商能有今天的成就。

英文原文

>> I asked [music] STBA board member Ronnie

Cavazos about A's assessment that none

of the builders would be who they are

without immigrant laborers like him.

呃，我不知道他为什么觉得我们不感激这一点。我……我是说，我……我了解我自己，我也清楚自己的内心，而且我一直在用的话语，都是明确用来为我们的移民发声的。

英文原文

>> Um, I don't know why he thinks we don't

appreciate that. I I mean I I know me

and I know my heart and

the words that I've been using are

specifically to to stand up for our

immigrants.

［音乐］

英文原文

>> [music]

作为一名木结构工人的儿子，他说如果没有像A这样的工人，没有人能有今天的地位。

英文原文

>> A son of a framer himself,

he said no one would be who they are

without workers like A.

我想对这位结构工说的是，［音乐］你知道，作为南得克萨斯建筑商协会的主席，我认为你是一位巨人。是的。

英文原文

>> What I would tell this framer is that,

[music] you know, from the chairman of

STBA,

I consider you a giant.

Yeah.

南得克萨斯建筑商协会的许多建筑商都向我透露［音乐］，他们打算在本周的中期选举中改变自己的投票选择。

英文原文

>> Many builders at the STBA have signaled

to me [music] that they're going to

change their vote in the midterm

elections this week.

是的。这改变了我这次要采取的投票方式。我投票时要戴上我的移民帽子和……呃，金钱帽子，对吧？

英文原文

>> Yes.

It's changed the way I'm going to vote

this time around. I'm going to vote with

my

immigration hat on and uh money hat on,

right?

行业自救与创办学校

但他们也在通过其他方式采取行动。

英文原文

>> But they're taking action in other ways,

too.

我已经竭尽所能去寻找和寻求帮助了，结果，我就觉得：“好吧，我得自己动手。我要把事情揽到自己手里，我要想办法……我必须开办一所学校，这样我们才能保住南得克萨斯的劳动力队伍。”

英文原文

>> I've done everything that I could to

look for and search for help and in

result, I just was like, "All right, I

got to do this myself. I'm going to take

matters into my own hands and I'm going

to figure out how I I have to start a

school so that we can save our workforce

in South Texas."

南得克萨斯建筑商协会正在创办一所学校，向美国人教授受突击搜查影响最严重的工种。课程将按季度开展，以便让劳工尽快进入劳动力市场。董事会希望课程能在本月开始。

英文原文

>> The STBA is starting a school to teach

Americans the trades most affected by

the raids.

Classes will be quarterly to get workers

out into the workforce as soon as

possible.

And they'll begin, the board hopes, this

month.

而且我知道有些人的反应就像是：“伙计，这也太快了。”我就说：“兄弟，我们没有时间了。就像，我们需要开始向劳动力队伍输送劳工了。

英文原文

>> And I know it's like some people are

like, "Dude, that's super fast." And I'm

like, "Bro, we don't have time.

Like,

we need to start putting labor out into

the workforce.

［笑声］

英文原文

>> [laughter]

我们没有时间了，兄弟。”

英文原文

>> We don't have time, bro."

按照计划第一期招收28名学员，马里奥（Mario）清楚这是杯水车薪。但至少聊胜于无。

英文原文

>> With the plan starting class of 28

students, Mario knows it's a drop in the

bucket.

But at least it's something.

所以我们只是想开创一条途径，让人们知道，嘿，没错，这些工种很辛苦；而且没错，顶着大太阳给房子搭架构并不容易。在昏暗的卫生间里铺，你知道的，淋浴间瓷砖，这不容易。确实不容易。也没人说过这会容易。但你知道吗？你不会背上债务。如果你决定退学，宝贝，你也不会背上债务。你懂我的意思吗？你不会欠债。而且你将成为自己的老板。我们将培养出一些最优秀的木结构工人、一些最优秀的混凝土工人、一些最优秀的木工。他们将从我们的学校走出来。你们会看到的。

英文原文

>> So, we're just trying to create a

pathway so that people know that, hey,

yes, these trades are hard

and yes, it's not easy to be out in the

sun framing houses. It's not easy to be

in a dark restroom laying, you know,

shower tile. It's not easy.

And nobody said it would be. But, you

know what? You won't be in debt.

You won't be in debt if you decide to

drop out, baby. You know what I mean?

You won't be in debt. And you'll be your

own boss.

We are going to create some of the best

framers,

some of the best concrete workers, some

of the best

carpenters. They're going to come out of

our school. You're going to see that.

怎么了，伊斯雷尔（Israel）？

英文原文

>> What's up, Israel?

在过去的几周里，他们一直在布置教室。

英文原文

>> In the past couple of weeks, they've

been setting up the classroom.

伙计们帮我多找了几件工具。但是，呃……

英文原文

>> Boys got me a couple of extra tools.

But, uh

为学员整理工具，并将工坊工作台拖进来。

英文原文

>> Organizing tools for students and

dragging the shop tables in.

我看那个放不进那里。

英文原文

>> I don't think we're going to fit that

one in there.

嗯，

英文原文

>> Well,

也许这个直着放能塞进去。

英文原文

>> Maybe this one will fit straight in.

即使马里奥知道这不足以解决问题，他也宁愿做点事情，而不是像华盛顿那样：对山谷里的现实视而不见，并在没有任何［音乐］尝试去替代的情况下摧毁实行了数十年的移民劳工体制。

英文原文

>> Even if Mario knows it's not going to be

enough, he'd rather do something than do

what Washington's done, ignore the

realities in the valley, and destroy a

decades-old system of immigrant labor

without any [music] attempt to replace

it.

它总会留在这里的。我们就是墨西哥。唯一的区别就是墨西哥和美国那条假想的国界线之间［音乐］隔着一条细小的河流。而我们政府里的人一直未能制定规则，建立让人们进入这个国家的正当途径。如果说我们是美利坚合众国，一个让人们能够从无到有、闯出名堂的地方，那我们就应该尊重这一点，我们应该去捍卫它，并给予他们工作的机会。

英文原文

>> It's always going to be here.

We are Mexico.

The only difference is is that

there's a small, tiny river

between [music] the imaginary line of

Mexico and the United States.

And we have people in our government

that have not been able to set rules to

establish a proper way of people coming

into this country. And if we are the

United States of America, where we give

people the opportunity to be something

out of nothing, we should honor that and

we should protect it and give them the

opportunity to work.

［音乐］

英文原文

>> [music]

所以，如今的马里奥和我第一次打电话给他那天一样忙碌，甚至更忙了。他在山谷里四处奔走，

英文原文

>> So, these days, Mario is just as busy as

the day I first called him, if not more

so.

He runs around the valley

嗯，我马上要建这个了。

英文原文

>> Well, I'm about to build this one.

管理新项目，

英文原文

>> managing new projects,

瞧这个（Mira, esta）。噢，那件工具是……

英文原文

>> Mira, esta.

Oh, that tool is a

家里。

英文原文

casa.

参加建筑商的活动，

英文原文

>> attending builders' functions,

行啊，兄弟。咱们来安排一次超棒的工作午餐。

英文原文

>> it, bro. Let's set up a badass power lunch.

在政治集会上，

英文原文

>> at political rallies,

喂。

英文原文

>> Hello.

嘿，塔拉里科会在那儿还是怎么着？

英文原文

>> Hey, Talarico will be there or what?

在的。

英文原文

>> Yeah.

你现在就过去吗？

英文原文

>> Are you going right now?

对。

英文原文

>> Yeah.

那我们在那儿见。拜。

英文原文

>> I'll see you there. Bye.

选民登记集会。

英文原文

>> Voter registration gathering.

你们的一票至关重要。

英文原文

>> and your vote matters.

握手、拍照。

英文原文

>> Shaking hands, taking photos.

哥们儿，最近怎么样？

英文原文

>> Dude, how you doing?

我挺好的。

英文原文

>> I've been doing good.

见到你真好。

英文原文

>> Good to see you.

我想找你说两句，因为我不知道——

英文原文

>> I wanted to catch you because I don't know

你在这儿买什么呢？

英文原文

>> What are you getting here?

你想去吗？

英文原文

>> You want to go?

想啊。

英文原文

>> Yeah.

走吧。

英文原文

>> Come on.

而且总能找时间顺道拐进他最喜欢的墨西哥超市。

去买黄瓜和玉米饼。

去他母亲家吃午饭。

英文原文

>> And somehow finds time to swing into his favorite Mexican market.

To pick up cucumbers and tortillas.

Have lunch at his mom's.

咱们走。走吧。

英文原文

>> Let's go. Let's go.

他正在将南得克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）扩展到全州范围。

英文原文

>> He's expanding the STBA statewide.

我们创造就业。我们为年轻家庭盖房子。

英文原文

>> We create jobs. We build homes for young families.

入夏后他又组织了一场建筑商集会，公开向政客喊话。

英文原文

>> He held another rally of builders over the summer calling out politicians.

我们的民选官员都在哪儿？

英文原文

>> Where are our elected officials?

看着他，胡利奥关于唤醒猛虎的预感似乎成了真。

英文原文

>> And watching him, it seemed Julio's premonition about waking a tiger had come true.

作为一个社区开始做出更好的抉择。

英文原文

>> to start making better choices as a community.

马里奥正考虑有朝一日竞选公职。

英文原文

>> Mario's thinking of running for political office one day.

噢。

英文原文

>> Oh.

嘿，你能告诉我发生什么了吗？

英文原文

>> Hey, can you tell me what happened?

我是说，我被拒了。呃，实际上成了我和法官之间的对抗。公诉方一句话都没说。他……他甚至站出来替我辩护。所以，他就是……我不知道。那个法官，他……他说我们……我就是会被递解出境。

英文原文

>> I mean, I got I got denied. Uh It was me against the judge. Technically. The prosecutor, they didn't say a word. He He even spoke up to defend me. So, he just I don't know. The judge, he he He said we I was just going to get deported.

这桩本被认为十拿九稳、A坚信自己能拿到绿卡的案子，结果却并未如愿。

他的妻子当时正在法庭外等候，急切地想听到消息。

英文原文

>> The case that was supposed to be a home run where A was sure he would get his green card didn't go his way.

His wife was waiting outside the courtroom eager to hear the news.

她微笑着。她说：“我们……我们赢了吗？”我告诉她：“没有。”跟着她立刻就哭了起来。她质问我的律师：“为什么？”呃，他们……他们甚至都不知道该说什么，因为所有的材料都在那儿。

英文原文

>> She was smiling. She said, "We Did Did we win?" And I told her, "No." And automatically, she started crying. She questioned the my lawyer, "Why?" Uh and they they didn't even know what to say cuz everything was there.

A说他们正在就案子提起上诉，但这可能需要耗费数年。

英文原文

>> A says they're appealing his case, but that could take years.

问题在于，人们一旦上诉，他们就会把人关起来。

英文原文

>> The thing is, when people appeal, they lock them up.

而在此期间，如果A再次被移民与海关执法局（ICE）逮捕，他担心自己会被递解出境。

英文原文

>> And in the meantime if A is arrested again by ICE he fears he will be deported.

那是有可能的，所以我要……我要尽量不被关进去，对吧？所以，嗯，我很害怕，呃……我……我觉得……呃，我觉得很担忧。我不知道。这是……我们是好人。我们做事合情合理。我们给州警盖过房子。我们给……给政府的好多人都盖过房子。而且，我是说，我觉得这样不对。我不知道他们是怎么看的，但就我个人而言，我觉得这不是……这不是公平的对待。

英文原文

>> That's a possibility, so I'm a I'm going to try not get locked up, right? So, well, I'm scared uh I I feel uh I feel worried. I don't know. It's We're good people. We're doing things the right way. We've built houses for state troopers. We've built houses for for a lot of people of the government. And I mean, I don't think that's right. I don't know how they see it, but me personally, I don't think that's that's a fair treatment.

因此，A能感觉到他周围的世界变得愈发狭小。

最近，他的大女儿一直闹着要去圣安东尼奥动物园。

那里有3个小时的车程。

英文原文

>> So, A can feel the world around him getting even smaller.

His oldest daughter has been asking to go to the San Antonio Zoo lately.

It's a 3-hour drive away.

开车进去，你可以摸[音乐]动物，它们会走到你身边，你来喂它们。她一直想去。她每个……每个周末都跟我说。[音乐]

英文原文

>> You drive in and you could touch [music] the animals and they walk up to you and you feed them. And she's been wanting to. She's She tells me every every weekend. [music]

但他不能带她去。

那地方过了检查站。

英文原文

>> But he can't take her.

It's past the checkpoint.

我跟她解释过。我告诉她我不是本地人，她问：“为什么？”我跟她说：“就因为我不是这里的人，宝贝。我来自墨西哥，严格来说，我是在犯法。”我对她说：“宝贝，[音乐]那是因为如果我去了，而且他们决定要抓我的话，他们就会抓。他们会[音乐]把我关起来，我就得有好几个月见不到你了。而且这次时间会更长，甚至可能是一年，宝贝。”“好的，爸爸。不，[音乐]那我再也不想去了。我只想让你留在这儿陪着我。我没事的。”

英文原文

>> I explained to her. I told her that I'm not from here and she said, "Why?" And I told her, "I'm just cuz I'm not from here, baby. I'm from Mexico and technically, I'm breaking the law." And I tell her, "Baby, [music] it's cuz if I go and they decide they want to arrest me, they will. And they'll [music] lock me up and I won't see you again for a couple months. And this time it's going to be longer, maybe even a year, baby." Okay, papi. No, [music] then I don't want to go anymore then. I just want to have you here with me. And I'm okay.

于是，他继续每天去工地干活。[音乐]

而且他清楚，如果移民与海关执法局（ICE）再来，为了坚守对他女儿的[音乐]诺言，为了确保能留在家人身边，这一回，[音乐]他肯定会逃跑。

英文原文

>> Instead, he keeps going [music] to work every day at a job site.

And he knows if ICE comes again, to keep his [music] promise to his daughter, to make sure he can be there for his family, this time [music] for certain, he will run.

[音乐]

[音乐]

[音乐]

英文原文

>> [music]

[music]

[music]

民调与选情动向

《泰晤士报》于周末完成的最新民调显示，得克萨斯州的拉美裔选民

英文原文

>> The latest polling from the Times, which concluded over the weekend, shows that the Latino vote in Texas

[音乐]

英文原文

>> >> [music]

准备在周二迎来历史性的大幅度转变。

在2024年总统大选中，得克萨斯州的拉美裔选民将选票平分给了特朗普总统和卡玛拉·哈里斯。

民调发现，仅仅两年之后，拉美裔选民倾向于该州民主党参议员候选人詹姆斯·塔拉里科，领先其共和党对手肯·帕克斯顿[音乐]近40个百分点。

英文原文

>> is poised for a historically large shift on Tuesday.

In the 2024 presidential election, Latino voters in Texas split their votes evenly between President Trump and Kamala Harris.

Just 2 years later, the polling found, Latino voters favor the state's Democratic candidate for Senate, James Talarico, over his Republican rival, Ken Paxton, [music] by nearly 40 points.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> >> [music]

广告之后，马上回来。

以下是今日其他

英文原文

>> We'll be right back.

Here's what else you need

[音乐]

英文原文

>> >> [music]

要闻。

英文原文

>> to Nerdy Day.

我今天宣布支持迈克·罗杰斯竞选联邦参议员。我不属于阿卜杜勒的竞选阵营。

英文原文

>> I am endorsing Mike Rogers for the United States Senate today. I don't belong in Abdul's campaign.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> >> [music]

在最后关头一场令人震惊的冷落中，在密歇根州联邦参议员民主党初选中输给阿卜杜勒·赛义德的联邦众议员海莉·史蒂文斯，在周日转而背书[音乐]赛义德的共和党对手。

在她宣布支持迈克·罗杰斯之前，史蒂文斯和赛义德之间因在以色列问题上的不同主张[音乐]而导致紧张关系加剧了数日。

民主党领导人对此项背书[音乐]表示愤怒。

参议院民主党领袖查克·舒默称其为“卑鄙的背叛”。

英文原文

>> In a stunning last-minute snub, Congresswoman Haley Stevens, who lost the Democratic primary race for US Senate in Michigan to Abdul El-Sayed, endorsed [music] El-Sayed's Republican opponent on Sunday.

Her endorsement of Mike Rogers followed days of growing tension between Stevens and El-Sayed [music] over their differing approaches to Israel.

Democratic leaders reacted [music] to the endorsement with fury.

Democratic Senate leader Chuck Schumer called it, quote, "a despicable betrayal."

不，我只想告诉你们，是的、是的、是的，听着、听着、听着。

英文原文

>> >> No, I'm just going to tell you guys yes, yes, yes, listen, listen, listen.

她的决定有通知你们当中的哪一位吗？[音乐]

英文原文

>> >> Did you notify either one of you of her decision? [music]

听着、听着、听着、听着。

英文原文

>> >> Listen, listen, listen, listen.

是还是不是？是还是不是？是还是不是？

英文原文

>> >> Yes or no? Yes or no? Yes or no?

这些都无关紧要。

英文原文

>> >> None of this matters.

是还是不是？是还是不是？

英文原文

>> >> Yes or no? Yes or no?

但对赛义德来说，[音乐]他在竞选集会的一处落脚点上对此项背书一笑置之。

英文原文

>> >> But for his part, [music] El Sayed shrugged off the endorsement at a campaign stop.

所以，我有一种感觉，大家今天聚在这里，是因为一个现在不在这里的人[音乐]所做的决定。

我说得对不对？

但我只想告诉你们，这个州有1,000万人，他们理应得到政府更好的对待。

我更多关注的是那9,999,998个人，而不是你们各位正在讨论的那些人。

好吗？

英文原文

>> >> So, I have a a sense that you all are here today because of the decisions of somebody [music] who's not here right now.

Am I right about that?

But I'm just going to tell you, this is a state of 10 million people who deserve a lot better from the government.

I'm a lot more focused on the 9 million 999,998 that are not the ones you guys are talking about.

Okay?

[音乐]

英文原文

>> >> [music]

本期节目由林赛·加里森制作，

英文原文

>> >> Today's episode was produced by Lindsey Garrison

[音乐]

英文原文

>> >> [music]

卡洛斯·普列托协助制作。

由迈克尔·伯努瓦编辑，佩奇·科威特和帕特里夏·威伦斯协助编辑。

苏珊·李和安德烈娅·[音乐]洛佩斯·克鲁萨多负责事实核查。

包含由玛丽·洛萨诺、帕特·麦卡斯克、丹·鲍威尔、艾丽西亚·拜图、索菲亚·兰德曼和切尔西·丹尼尔创作的音乐。[音乐]

音频工程由克里斯·伍德完成。

我们的主题音乐由Wonderly创作。

英文原文

>> with help from Carlos Prieto.

It was edited by Michael Benoist with help from Paige Cowett and Patricia Willens.

Fact-checked by Susan Lee and Andrea [music] Lopez Cruzado.

Contains music by Mary Lozano, Pat McCusker, Dan Powell, Alicia Baitu, Sophia Landman, and Chelsea Daniel. [music]

And was engineered by Chris Wood.

Our theme music is by Wonderly.

[音乐]

英文原文

>> >> [music]

以上就是今天的《每日新闻》。

我是迈克尔·[音乐]巴巴罗。

明天见。

英文原文

>> That's it for The Daily.

I'm Michael [music] Barbaro.

See tomorrow.