--- author: New York Times Podcasts date: '2026-11-03' guest: '' layout: post.njk source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUv6u_XemU4 speaker: New York Times Podcasts tags: - immigration - law-enforcement - construction-industry - labor-shortage - election title: 德州里奥格兰德河谷移民执法升级冲击建筑业与社区选情动向 summary: 《The Daily》报道，德克萨斯州里奥格兰德河谷移民执法搜捕行动升级，导致建筑工地劳动力严重短缺并冲击当地经济。曾普遍支持特朗普的当地建筑商因生计受挫前往华盛顿陈情并自办培训学校，多位从业者考虑在选举中改变投票取向。 insight: '' draft: true series: '' category: politics-society area: society-thinking project: [] people: - Mario Guerrero - Julio Carranza companies_orgs: - South Texas Builders Association - ICE products_models: [] media_books: - The Daily status: evergreen --- 这里是《纽约时报》，我是迈克尔·巴尔巴罗。这里是《The Daily》。
Original English From The New York Times, I'm Michael Barbaro. This is The Daily.
在明天的选举中，全美预计几乎没有哪个地区会比德克萨斯州的里奥格兰德河谷更激烈地背离特朗普总统、倒向民主党，那里的生活因总统对移民的打击行动而发生了彻底的改变。
Original English In tomorrow's election, few regions of the country are expected to swing harder away from President Trump and toward Democrats than the Rio Grande Valley of Texas, where life has been transformed by the president's crackdown on immigration.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 在过去的一年里，我的同事、《Daily》制作人琳赛·加里森一直在报道这一转变，以及领导这场行动的令人意想不到的群体。
Original English >> For the past year, my colleague, Daily producer Lindsey Garrison, [music] has been reporting on that shift and the unlikely group [music] leading the charge.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 今天是11月2日，星期一。
Original English >> It's Monday, November 2nd.
>> 当2025年初里奥格兰德河谷首次开始突击搜捕时，人们感到困惑。
Original English >> When the raids first started in the Rio Grande Valley in early 2025, people were confused.
诚然，有些有犯罪记录的人被抓了，但没有犯罪记录的人也一样被抓了，那些在这片靠近墨西哥边境的土地上生活了多年的人也是如此。
Original English Sure, some people with criminal records were getting picked up, but so were people who weren't criminals, people who had lived along this stretch of land near the Mexican border for years.
所以，人们感到害怕。有些人不再去上班，也不再去教堂了。
Original English So, people were scared. Some stopped going to work or going to church.
接着，ICE执法人员开始出现在工地上。
Original English And then, ICE agents started showing up at job sites.
视频开始流传，有的显示一名ICE执法人员拍了拍一名工人的后背，当时他和他的工友们正在浇筑一条混凝土车道，直到被戴上手铐的那一刻他们还在继续干活，
Original English Videos began to circulate, some showing an ICE agent tapping a worker on the back while he and his crew were in the middle of laying a concrete driveway, continuing to work until the moment they were handcuffed
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 脸上带着困惑的神情。
Original English >> with puzzled looks on their faces.
但与全国许多地方相比，搜捕以及对搜捕的反应似乎都发生得相当平静。
Original English But compared to many places across the country, the raids and the reaction to them seem to be happening fairly quietly.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 然后有一天，有人站出来发声了。
Original English >> And then one day, someone spoke out.
>> 里奥格兰德河谷究竟怎么了？我是马里奥·格雷罗，我想——
Original English >> What's going on in Rio Grande Valley? It's Mario Guerrero here, and I want
>> 一位名叫马里奥·格雷罗的开发商发布了一段视频敲响警钟。
Original English >> Developer named Mario Guerrero posted a video sounding the alarm.
>> 因为这将会毁掉我们的经济。这将会毁掉房地产市场，
Original English >> Because this is going to ruin [music] our economy. It's going to ruin the housing market,
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 毁掉美国梦。
Original English >> the American dream.
>> 在那个时候，这是我见过的唯一类似的事情。建筑行业里有人大声对这些搜捕提出异议。所以，我给他打了电话。
Original English >> At that time, it was the only thing I'd seen like it. Someone from the construction industry loudly speaking out about these raids. So, I called him.
>> 喂，我是马里奥。
Original English >> Hello, it's Mario.
>> 嘿马里奥，我是琳赛·加里森。非常感谢你抽时间和我有这一番交谈。我……我真的非常感激。我知道你肯定非常忙。
Original English >> Hey Mario, it's Lindsay Garrison. Thank you so much for your time talking with me. I'm I'm really grateful. I'm sure you're very busy.
>> 我觉得现在用忙来形容都是轻的了。我现在就像一只无头苍蝇一样到处乱跑。
Original English >> I think busy is an understatement right now. I'm running around like a headless chicken.
>> [笑声]
Original English >> [laughter]
>> 马里奥拥有一家建筑公司，并负责管理他父母建筑公司的商业运营。此外，他还拥有一家经纪公司。
Original English >> Mario owns a construction company and runs the business side of his parents' construction company. Plus, he owns a brokerage.
而且，他还是南德克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）的执行理事。这是一个由159家建筑和房地产企业组成的团体，大部分分布在里奥格兰德河谷各处。所以，他对情况有着全局的观察视角。
Original English But, he's also the executive director of the South Texas Builders Association, the STBA. It's a group of 159 construction and real estate businesses, mostly across the Rio Grande Valley. So, he's got a bird's-eye view of things.
>> 眼下里奥格兰德河谷正在发生的事情，我是说，这……这太吓人了。[清嗓子] 我们有多个建筑商在浇筑车道时，你知道，移民局的人到了那里，他们就把所有人带走，一个都不留。而且这不仅是一家、两家或三家建筑商。可以说是超过10家建筑公司。我都想说已经达到15到20家了，这种情况发生得越来越频繁。所以，这给人们带来了很大的恐惧。
Original English >> Right now, what is happening in the Rio Grande Valley, I mean it it it's scary. [clears throat] We've had multiple builders that have been pouring driveways and, you know, immigration gets there and they just take everybody and they don't leave anyone behind. And it's not just one or two or three builders. It's like more than 10 construction companies. I want to say we're up in the 15-20s, where it's it's happening more and more. So, it's putting a lot of fear on people.
>> 马里奥告诉我，他在去年春天开始注意到搜捕行动越来越多。
Original English >> Mario told me he started noticing more and more raids in the spring of last year.
他开始私下和STBA的其他成员谈论这件事。就像河谷的大多数人一样，他们也很困惑。
Original English He started talking about it privately with other members of the STBA. Like much of the valley, they were also confused.
于是，他们开始用群发短信来互通消息，并在某个工地发现ICE时提醒其他人。但在那之外，起初没有人知道该怎么做。
Original English So, they started using group text threads to compare notes and alert others if ICE was seen at a job site. But, beyond that, no one initially knew what to do.
而且他们觉得当地的领导人对此发声不够。
Original English And they felt their local leaders weren't speaking up enough about it.
>> 我们的领导人都在哪里？
Original English >> Where are our leaders?
>> 于是，在11月，马里奥和STBA的董事会召集了一次会议，面向河谷建筑界的任何人开放，让他们畅所欲言地谈论搜捕带来的冲击。
Original English >> So, in November, Mario and the board at the STBA called a meeting for anyone in the construction community of the valley to open up about the impact of the raids.
几天后，在当地一个平时用于举办婚礼和十五岁成人礼的活动中心里，高高的天花板上悬挂着铁艺吊灯，来自河谷建筑行业的数十人陆续走进来分享故事。
Original English And days later, in an area event center normally used for weddings and quinceañeras, with wrought iron chandeliers drooping from its high ceilings, dozens of people from the valley's construction [music] industry shuffled in to share stories.
>> 这绝对是一次求救。纯粹就是这样。就是一次求救。我是说，而且我们现在依然在求救。
Original English >> It was definitely a cry for help. That's all it was. It was a cry for help. I mean, and we're still crying for help.
>> 河谷的生意正遭受打击。
Original English >> Business in the Valley was hurting.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 他们感到困惑。想知道是不是犯了什么错误。以及犯下错误的，是不是他们自己。
Original English >> And they were perplexed. Wondering if maybe a mistake had been made. And whether they were the ones who made it.
>> 天哪，我们到底干了什么？[音乐]
Original English >> Man, what did we do? [music]
>> 因为他们中的许多人，如果不是绝大多数的话，都曾把票投给特朗普总统。
Original English >> Because many, if not most of them, had voted for President Trump.
>> 我们特么的到底干了什么？
Original English >> What the [ __ ] did we do?
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
### 里奥格兰德河谷的复杂生态 里奥格兰德河谷其实根本不是什么河谷。
Original English >> The Rio Grande Valley [music] isn't really a valley at all.
它大多是一片紧挨着里奥格兰德河部分河段的平坦泛滥平原。沙漠柳点缀着这里的地貌。棕榈树在风中沙沙作响。这里的人称它为RGV，或者就叫河谷。
Original English It's a mostly flat flood plain that hugs part of the Rio Grande River. Desert willows dot the terrain here. Palm trees rattle in the wind. People here call it the RGV or just the Valley.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 它的四个县拥有全美最高的几处西班牙裔人口集中度。
Original English >> And its four counties have some of the highest Hispanic concentrations in the entire country.
这里的大多数人都不假思索地在英语和西班牙语之间自如切换。正如有人对我说的那样，这就像来到了夹在两个较大国家之间的另一个国家。
Original English Most people here slip in and out of Spanish without a second thought. As someone put it to me, it's like coming to another country between two larger ones.
几代人以来，河谷一直把票投给民主党。
Original English For generations, [music] the Valley voted Democrat.
但与其说它是蓝区，不如说它更偏向紫色。这是全国一个天主教氛围极深的地方，去教堂是每周的生活节奏。
Original English But it's more of a purple place than a blue one. It's a deeply [music] Catholic part of the country where attending church is a weekly rhythm.
大多数和我聊过的人都称自己是保守派或温和派。[音乐] 跨境商业和小微企业在这里帮助推动经济发展。
Original English Most people I've talked to call themselves conservative or moderate. [music] Cross-border commerce and small businesses help fuel the economy here.
边境巡逻队也是如此，它是河谷的一个庞大雇主。
Original English So does Border Patrol, a huge employer in the Valley.
距离边境如此之近，移民不是一句口号或一个政纲。这个议题的所有复杂性与细微曲折都是层层叠加在一起的。它就是生活的一部分。
Original English This close to the border, immigration is not a slogan or a platform. All of the complexities and intricacies of the issue are layered on top of one another. It's just a part of life.
所以在这里会有这样的景象：一家小教堂的牧师恰巧同时也是一名边境巡逻队员，正在向他那些无证的教区居民布道。
Original English So it's the kind of place where a reverend of a small church happens to also be a Border Patrol agent preaching to his undocumented congregants.
在这里，一家受欢迎的餐厅会给像ICE这样的执法人员提供早餐折扣和优惠。尽管在后厨接单或做饭的一些员工可能并不具备合法身份。一切都错综复杂地缠绕交织在一起。
Original English A place where a popular restaurant [music] gives breakfast discounts and deals to law enforcement like ICE. Even though some of the employees taking their order or cooking their food in the back may not have legal status. It's all tangled up and knotted together.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 所以，当全国范围内的移民政策出现重大变化时，河谷会最先受到冲击。这往往让人感觉像是一场地震般的气象事件，改变着一个地方的地貌。而在2021年，一场大事件来临了。
Original English >> So, when there's some big change in immigration policy nationally, it hits the valley first. And it can often feel like a seismic weather event, changing the topography of a place. And in 2021, a big one came.
美国历史上最大规模的移民激增潮在拜登政府时期达到了顶峰，降临到了里奥格兰德河谷。
Original English The largest immigration surge in US history, which peaked during the Biden administration, had landed in the Rio Grande Valley.
>> 我们看到了，因为事情就发生在我们自家的后院。我们看到了。我们就在这里看到了。我们就是前线。天啊。我甚至还记得看到过像大篷车队一样的人群。
Original English >> We saw it because it was happening here in our backyard. We saw it. We saw it here. We're the front lines. Oh, man. I remember even seeing like the caravans of people.
>> 成千上万的人正在涌向边境。
Original English >> Thousands of people were making their way to the border.
>> 每天都会有100辆巴士开进开出那里，持续了将近4年。
Original English >> Daily, we would have 100 buses coming into there and out of there for almost 4 years.
>> 有一段时间，每天有10,000名移民沿着南部边境进入美国。
Original English >> At one point, 10,000 immigrants a day were crossing into the United States along the southern border.
>> 你会看到边境到处都是移民，就那样躺在那里。
Original English >> You would see the border full of immigrants just laying there.
>> 就像是，我的天哪。这么多无证人员都要去哪里？
Original English >> Like, oh my god. Where are all these undocumented people going to?
>> 人们告诉我，这震撼了河谷，并给这里的很多人带来了沉重的负担。
Original English >> People told me it rocked the valley and put a strain on so many here.
>> 这里的边境巡逻队不堪重负。
Original English >> The border patrol here were overwhelmed.
>> 比如边境巡逻队。
Original English >> Like border patrol.
>> 而且这里的每个人都认识边境巡逻队员。
Original English >> And everybody here knows border patrol agents.
>> 是的。
Original English >> Right.
>> 他们有这么多人。你能看出那种压力。
Original English >> There's so many of them. You could see the stress.
>> 河谷有两名边境巡逻队员在一周的时间里自杀了。
Original English >> Two border patrol agents in the valley killed themselves in the span of a week.
>> 突然之间，入室盗窃变多了，抢劫变多了。
Original English >> All of a sudden, there's more break-ins, there's more robberies.
>> 一些企业主告诉我，他们感觉犯罪率上升了。
Original English >> Some business owners told me they sensed a rise in crime.
>> 我的意思是，作为一个企业主，我看到了。
Original English >> I mean, I saw it as a business owner.
>> 一名男子告诉我，他开五金店门时发现他的铁丝网围栏被剪开了。一辆手推车被偷了，他猜测了是谁偷的。
Original English >> One man told me he'd open up his hardware store to find his chain link fence had been cut into. A wheelbarrow had been stolen, and he assumed who took it.
>> 他们刚从某个不知道什么国家到这里，这……他们需要几块钱。他们需要吃饭。所以，这是可以理解的，不能宽容，但这是可以理解的。
Original English >> They just die here from some random country and this they need a couple bucks. They need to eat. So, that's understandable, not condonable, but it's understandable.
>> 但是，这种挫败感不仅限于一辆被偷的手推车。整个局势激化了根深蒂固的不公平感。
Original English >> But, the frustration went beyond a stolen wheelbarrow. The whole situation inflamed [music] deeply held perceptions of unfairness.
>> 我妻子是一名护士。曾经有几次她说其中一个房间里有非法移民，因为她们怀孕了，而且要在这里、在美国生孩子。
Original English >> My wife's a nurse. There was occasions where she would say there was illegals in one of the rooms cuz they're pregnant and it's going to have a baby here in the United States.
>> 人们告诉我，他们觉得新来的人受到了优待。
Original English >> People told me they felt the new arrivals were getting preferential treatment.
>> 而且她门口有警卫守着，然后她能拿到所有的药物，因为政府在为此买单。[音乐] 然而我隔壁房间里有美国公民，却因为她是公民而无法负担那种护理。
Original English >> And she's got a guard at the door and then she's getting all the medicines because the government's paying for it. [music] Yet I have American citizens in the next room that can't afford to have that type of care because she's a citizen.
>> 并且在那些尝试了数月甚至数年想成为公民的人前面插队。
Original English >> And cutting the line in front of people who had been trying for months or even years to become a citizen.
>> 因为所有这些难民、或者非法外国人——随便你想怎么称呼他们——涌过来的种种压力。所有那些曾……
Original English >> Because of all the pressure with all the refugees coming over here or the illegal aliens, whatever you want to call them. All the people that had
递交了材料，他们却没有足够的人手来处理所有这些新增的审批。
Original English submitted their paperwork, they don't have enough personnel to handle all this new processing.
>> 比如当地一所学校的管理者告诉我，有一位教务长当时工作签证快要到期了。他按时提交了续签材料。
Original English >> Like an administrator of a local school who told me that a dean of students had a work visa that was about to expire. He submitted the paperwork to renew it on time.
>> 对方说：“抱歉，我们积压了太多。还没排到你的档案。”
Original English >> They're like, "Sorry, we're so backed up. We haven't gotten to your file."
>> 噢。
Original English >> Oh.
>> 材料没能及时审批，签证就过期了。
Original English >> It wasn't processed in time and it expired.
>> 那你就得回墨西哥。
Original English >> Then you need to go back to Mexico.
>> 他的律师建议他返回墨西哥，以免非法滞留在美国境内，影响他入籍的进程。
Original English >> His lawyer advised him to return to Mexico so that he wasn't in the country illegally and jeopardizing his citizenship process. [music]
>> 于是到了现在，差不多三年过去了。他仍然一直没拿到过来的签证。
Original English >> And so here we are almost 3 years later. He still has never gotten his visa to come over.
>> 这些叙述有时是道听途说，往往描绘的画面并不完整。例如，据麦卡伦警察局称，2022年财产犯罪确实略有上升。但在该时期，全城的总体犯罪率实际上是下降的。而且边境上的积压，在拜登任期内激增之前就已经存在了。此外，虽然无证移民在紧急医疗情况下能得到保障救助，但美国公民同样也能。可即便如此，这一切汇聚在一起，依然形成了一种感受。
Original English >> These accounts were sometimes second and third hand and they often [music] painted an incomplete picture. For example, according to the McAllen Police Department, property crime did rise slightly in 2022. But overall crime was actually down in the city during this period. And that backlog at the border, it predated the surge under Biden. And while undocumented immigrants are guaranteed care in emergency medical situations, so are American citizens. But still, it all added up to a feeling.
>> 所以我觉得那不公平，你懂吗？这跟他们是不是墨西哥人无关，也不是说我们不想让他们去争取更好的生活。
Original English >> So I see that that's not fair, you know? That has nothing to do with them being Mexican or us not wanting them to try to get a better
>> [music]
Original English >> [music]
>> 生活。我们的父母来到这个国家也是为了努力给我们更好的生活，我很理解。但就是，人一多……
Original English >> life. That's why our parents came to this country to try to give us a better life and I understand it. But it's just an when you have so many people.
>> 嘿，连天堂都有边界，对吧？不可能人人都进得去。
Original English >> Hey, even heaven has borders, right? Not everybody's going to make it in.
### 南德克萨斯建筑商会的红移与美国梦 >> 在这一时期的南德克萨斯建筑商会（STBA），大家告诉我建筑生意当时红红火火。
Original English >> Over at the STBA during this period, people told me the construction business was humming along.
>> 嗯，对啊，我们搞建筑顺风顺水。
Original English >> Well, yeah, we were we were building just fine.
>> 但这并不意味着他们对人口涌入没有自己的抱怨。
Original English >> But that didn't mean they didn't have their own complaints about the influx of people.
>> 哎，所以我认为本地很多人都投了特朗普先生。心想，行啊，对，要把移民全都赶出去。那好啊。兄弟，太好了。你就该把他们弄回去，因为他们进来的方式本就不正当。
Original English >> Well, that's why I believe a lot of people here locally were voting for Mr. Trump. Like, okay, yeah, we're going to take all the immigrants out. Well, great. Dude, great. You should take them back because the way that they came in was not right.
>> 但在经历了多年投票支持民主党之后，河谷地区在上届大选中变红还有另一个原因。特朗普总统是个商人。而STBA的许多建筑商也是。因此，很多人在他的故事中看到了自己的一角和自己的抱负。
Original English >> But there was another reason the Valley turned red the last election after so many years of voting for Democrats. President Trump was a businessman. And a lot of the builders at the STBA were, too. So, many saw a piece of themselves and their aspirations in his story.
>> 我跟你讲。我认为唐纳德·特朗普就是美国梦的化身。他父亲开创了一份事业，对吧？他父亲打下了底子。然后，他做了什么？他把事业传给了儿子。可大家却想为此去恨他。你干嘛要因为这个恨他？如果他父亲打下基业，现在能交到他手上，那就是美国梦。
Original English >> I'll tell you this. I believe that Donald Trump is is the epitome of the American dream. His dad started something, right? His dad started something. And then, what did he do? He passed it on to his son. And people want to hate on him for that. Why would you hate on him for that? If his dad built something and now his dad was able to give it to him, that's the American dream.
>> [music]
Original English >> [music]
>> 感觉在全国其他地方，美国梦几乎被说成了过往的遗迹。但在里奥格兰德河谷，它是活生生的。它是真实的。我在STBA遇到的很多建筑商，都是接下父母建筑公司衣钵的儿子。或者他们自己是父亲，希望能把财富传给自己孩子。这有什么见不得人的？这正是他们各自家族来到这里追求的全部意义。所以，当工地开始遭到突击搜查，当局面轰然崩塌时，这大概是他们有生以来第一次，那个理念陷入了危机。
Original English >> It feels like in other parts of the country, the American dream is talked about [music] as almost a relic of the past. But in the Rio Grande Valley, it's alive. It's real. So many of these builders I've met at the STBA [music] were sons who took the mantle of their parents' construction company. Or they were fathers [music] hoping to pass their fortunes onto their own children. What was shameful about that? That was everything their own families had come here to do. So, when the raids started at the job sites, and when things came crashing down, it was the first [music] time, probably in their lifetimes, that that idea was in danger.
>> [music]
Original English >> [music]
>> 反正，这里的讽刺之处在于，我们大家都投了特朗普。我们全都投了特朗普。我们全投了共和党。哥们儿，我们当时都是跟定特朗普的大队。上了特朗普的列车，真的是认真的。因为特朗普先生和他的政府当时就是这么讲的。他们说要去抓杀人犯和强奸犯。
Original English >> So, anyway, the irony here is that we all voted for Trump. We all voted for Trump. We all voted red. We were the guys on the Trump wagon, dude. On the Trump train, like for real. Because that's what the Mr. Trump and his administration said. That they were going to come after the murderers and the rapists.
>> 你知道的，你承诺针对的是罪犯、强奸犯、杀人犯、猥亵者。当然，把他们全赶出去。
Original English >> You know, you promised criminals, rapists, murderers, molesters. Sure, get them all out.
>> 抓最坏的那批人。可我是说，眼下你们要把所有人一网打尽。人人都成了罪犯。
Original English >> The worst of the worst. But I mean, right now you're going to tear everybody. Everyone is a criminal.
>> 我们压根没想到你们指的是这些人——那些我认识、在这里呆了十年、每天干活创造价值的人。
Original English >> We didn't know you were talking about these people that I've known and been here for 10 years and they're working every day and adding value.
>> 所以这真让人心里难受，因为你会觉得，哥们儿，这根本说不通啊。我是说，现在就像是……现在你开始怀疑那到底是不是正确的选择，在那时做那个决定到底对不对，你懂的。
Original English >> So it just it's it's kind of hard because you're like, dude, like it doesn't make any sense. I mean, now it's like now you start to wonder was it the correct choice, if that was the right decision to make at the time, you know.
### 工地突查与建筑行业劳工 >> 先生，你是工长吗？
Original English >> Are you the foreman, sir?
>> 突击搜查愈演愈烈。到了2025年冬，越来越多的视频流传开来：移民及海关执法局（ICE）探员爬上屋顶盘问工人，或者在底下冲着他们大喊，叫他们放下工具顺着梯子爬下来。监控摄像头拍下ICE车辆在居民区疾驰，追赶狂奔逃跑的男子。
Original English >> The raids just kept ramping up. By winter of 2025, more videos swirled around of ICE agents climbing on tops of roofs to question workers. Or shouting up at them. Telling them to put down their tools and climb down the ladder. Security cameras captured ICE vehicles speeding across subdivisions, chasing men who were sprinting away.
>> 天天都有突击搜查。
Original English >> Every day there's a raid.
>> 每天都是。天哪，天天如此。我们昨天刚被查过。光是今年，我们已经被查过九次了。
Original English >> Every day. Oh my lord, every day. We just got hit yesterday. This year alone we've been hit nine times.
>> 瞧，就在现在，我另一个私聊群里，就在12点09分，ICE正在爱丁堡这边的拉古纳高地小区。所以我当时就心想，“我的天哪。”天天如此。每天他们都在袭击工地抓人。
Original English >> Look, right now on my other private chat group, right now at 12:09, ICE is in Laguna Heights subdivision here in Edinburg. So I was like, "Jesus Christ." It's every day. Every day they're hitting up sites picking up people.
>> 很多工人害怕得不敢去上班，而那些去上班的人也冒着巨大风险。
Original English >> Many workers were too scared to show up at work, and those who did were taking a big risk.
>> 我是说，我只得……还能说什么呢？只能压下恐慌，去把钱挣了。那是我们必须做的事。我是说，我们也就是这么做的。
Original English >> I mean, I had to what can you say? Just swallow the the panic and go out and and do the money. That's what we needed to do. And I mean, that's what we did.
>> 比如出于安全考虑要求匿名的A。他是名结构工，在河谷生活了将近一辈子。他小时候父母把他从墨西哥带到了这里。搜查开始时，一位朋友提醒了他。
Original English >> Like A, who asked to remain anonymous for his safety. He's a framer and has lived in the valley almost all his life. His parents brought him here from Mexico when he was a small child. When the raid started, a friend warned him.
>> 他们提醒我要小心。他们开始突查了。我当时说：“没这回事吧，没搞吧。”“不，真搞了。”他说：“他们刚搜查了我的工地。我还能给你打电话就算走运了，因为他们追我，但没抓到我。我给你打电话是因为你是我最亲近的朋友之一，我不想看到你被查。”从那时起，我们才知道事情严重了。
Original English >> They gave me careful. They started the raids. I'm like, "No, they did it." "No, they did." And he said, "They just raided my job site. I'm I'm lucky to even be calling you because they chased me down, but they couldn't catch me. And I'm calling you because you're one of my closest friends, and I don't want you to get raided." And that's when we we knew things were serious.
>> 他很担心，但A家里有孩子全靠他的收入过活。所以，他觉得自己别无选择。
Original English >> He was worried, but A has kids at home who rely on his income. So, he didn't feel he had a choice.
>> 没别的办法。你必须去做。
Original English >> There's no other option. You have to do it.
>> 在全国范围内，建筑行业雇佣的移民劳工比例最高，接近30%。而在德克萨斯州，这些数字还要更高。研究表明在40%到50%左右。里奥格兰德河谷的官方数据很难查到。但如果你去问业内人士——我确实问过——有人估计无证工人多达80%。
Original English >> Nationwide, the [music] construction field employs the highest percentage of immigrant labor, nearly 30%. And in Texas, those numbers are even higher. Studies suggest anywhere from 40% to about [music] 50%. Official numbers on the Rio Grande Valley are hard to come by. But if you ask people in the industry, which I have, some wager as many as 80% are undocumented.
>> 我认识一个人爱开玩笑挑事，他会站起来说：“我讨厌那些无证工人。”
Original English >> I had one guy that was a joke stirring, he'd get up and he'd say, "I hate those undocumented workers."
>> 在这里这几乎成了一个玩笑。
Original English >> It's almost a joke here.
>> 然后就会有一两个人问：“为什么？我们怎么了？当移民怎么了？”然后他就会说：“因为我们人太多了。我也是无证的。你抢了我的工作，懂吧。”
Original English >> And then you'd get one or two they'd say, "Why? What's wrong with us? What's wrong with being an immigrant?" Then he'd say, "Cuz there's too many of us. I'm undocumented, too. You're taking my job, you know."
>> [laughter]
Original English >> [laughter]
>> 河谷建筑行业的人还会告诉你，无证工人最多的工种包括地基队和框架队。A做框架工大约有7年了。而他的父亲干这行已经超过25年。
Original English >> People in the valley's construction industry will also tell you that the trades that have some of the [music] most undocumented workers are the foundation and framing crews. A has worked as a framer for around 7 years. And his father has been doing it for more than 25.
>> 当年他刚到这里时，我的意思是，也就只有那些工作可做，因为其他工作都需要社保号，只有重体力活才不需要。所以他入了行，我记得他一开始是浇筑混凝土。后来他看到建筑施工这边赚得更多一点，就是从那时起他开始干建筑的。
Original English >> When he got here, I mean those were all the only jobs cuz for other jobs you need a social and only the hard labor jobs are the ones that don't require one. So, he got into I think he was pouring concrete at first. Then he saw there was a little bit more money on the construction side and that's when he started doing construction.
>> 后来，当A即将迎来第一个孩子、在一家卷饼餐厅拿着每小时7.25美元的工资时，他决定自己需要做点更赚钱的事情，就像那样。于是他请父亲传授他这门手艺。
Original English >> So, when A was about to have his first baby and was working at a taco restaurant for $7.25 an hour, he decided he needed something more lucrative like that. And he asked his father to teach him the craft.
>> 我是说，这可能挺让人吃不消的，因为，呃，你没法停止去学。你每一天都会发现不一样的东西。你每一天都会学到不一样的知识。
Original English >> I mean, it's it could be overwhelming cuz uh you can't stop learning from this. You find something different every single day. You learn something different every single day.
>> 让你父亲当你的老板是什么感觉？
Original English >> What was that like to have your dad as your boss?
>> 很难。因为，呃，当父亲的通常都希望孩子表现最好，要是出了什么岔子，他就会……他就会生气，他就会很严厉地训斥我，对吧？但是，我是说，多亏了那些，我们现在才能掌握如今掌握的东西。
Original English >> Hard. Because uh dads usually want the best for their kids and if something didn't go the right way, he would he would get upset and he would get after me in a in a hard way, right? But I mean, thanks to that, we know what we know right now.
>> 他是从学徒起步的。每个施工队都有学徒。他们扫地，收拾现场。
Original English >> He started out as an apprentice. Every crew has them. They sweep the floors, clean up.
>> 我花了大慨一年半到两年的时间来学习基本功。仅仅是基本功。
Original English >> Took me about a year and a half, 2 years to learn the basics. Just the basics.
>> 只是吸收最基础的东西。
Original English >> Just absorb the fundamentals.
>> 关于切割、测量、三角尺、45度角。
Original English >> About cutting, measuring, the speed square, the 45s.
>> 然后他就成了人们所说的半把刀。
Original English >> Then he became what they call half a spoon.
>> 当你开始做构架时，切割必须精确，你的主要问题在于握锯。因为如果你没握好，发生回弹，你就可能切到腿，可能切到手臂。
Original English >> When you start on the framing, the cuts have to be precise and your main issue is holding the saw. Cuz if you don't hold it right and it kicks back, you could cut your leg, you could cut your arm.
>> 现在他和父亲一起干活。
Original English >> Now he works with his father.
>> 现在大部分我都懂了。
Original English >> Now I know the majority of it.
>> 他父亲是个构架大师，按我的说法就是大师。在我们交谈的工地上，他父亲正在为一个大食品储藏室做构架。那么，他今天会完成食品储藏间的构架吗，比如在接下来的几个小时里？这是目标吗？
Original English >> Who's a master framer, a maestro as I call them. At the job site where we were talking, his father was framing a large pantry. So, will he finish the framing of the pantry closet today like in in the next couple hours? Is that the goal?
>> 10分钟。
Original English >> 10 minutes.
>> 10分钟内？不可能吧。
Original English >> In 10 minutes? No.
>> 是的。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 我和A站在一起看着。
Original English >> I stood with A and watched.
>> 食品储藏室，那就是他正在建的。
Original English >> the pantry that's what he's building.
>> 好的。A调出了图纸。
Original English >> Okay. A pulls up the blueprint.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 指给我看我们正在看的是什么。
Original English >> and shows me what we're looking at.
>> 冰箱
Original English >> The refrigerator
>> 他的父亲系着一条沉重的工具带，髋部两侧都挂着工具。他会俯下身贴到地面上，测量切割的角度，然后用短铅笔做标记。
Original English >> His father wore a heavy tool belt with tools on both sides of his hips. He would swoop down to the floor, measuring the angles for the cuts, and then marking them with a short pencil.
>> 太拼了。他动作飞快。就像是
Original English >> so hard. He's fast. Like it's
>> 每次他弯下腰，汗水就滴落在混凝土地板上。
Original English >> And every time he bent down, his sweat droplets fell onto the cement slab floor.
>> 汗流浃背。
Original English >> dripping with sweat.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 但汗水刚在水泥地上印出暗斑，又在德克萨斯州的酷热中迅速蒸发。
Original English >> But just as quickly as they would darken the cement, they would evaporate again in the Texas heat.
>> 墙面
Original English >> The walls are
>> 切割好，
Original English >> make the cut,
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 然后他会飞快地爬上梯子，手伸向身后工具带上的射钉枪，他总能看都不看就摸到它，然后将木板固定在相应位置。他动作太[音乐]优美了。就好像他脱离了地心引力一样。
Original English >> then he'd fly up the ladder and reach behind him for his nail gun on his tool belt, which he'd always find without looking, and bolt the board in its place. He was so [music] graceful. It was as if he defied gravity.
>> 那是[清喉咙]第二块。
Original English >> That's the [clears throat] second piece.
>> 第二块。
Original English >> The second piece.
>> 曾有一位建筑商告诉我，盖一栋房子有9000个构件。如果你以构架这门行当为例，它需要数学，大量的几何知识来弄懂如何切割立柱，
Original English >> A builder once told me that there were 9,000 components to building a house. And if you take a trade like framing, it requires math, a lot of geometry to understand how to cut a stud,
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 如何压线切还是不压线切，计算屋顶正确的坡度。
Original English >> how to take the line or not take the line, calculating the correct pitch of a roof.
>> 那一块要装在[音乐]门上方。
Original English >> That piece goes [music] above the door.
>> 而成为大师的唯一途径就是做上成千上万次
Original English >> And the only way to become a maestro was by doing it thousands of times
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 在烈日下、在风雨中，历经多年。就像A的父亲一样。
Original English >> in the sun, in the rain, for years. Just like A's father.
>> 差不多就那样了。
Original English >> That's pretty much it.
>> 就这样好了？
Original English >> Is that it?
>> 果然，[音乐]就在刚过10分钟一点点，食品储藏室就建好了。
Original English >> And sure [music] enough, in just a little over 10 minutes, the pantry was done.
>> 他不知道我们当时在给他掐时间。我敢说他要是知道的话，还会更快。对啊。
Original English >> He didn't know that we were timing him. I bet if he knew, he'd be even faster. Yeah.
>> 那么当这样一位大师被拘留时，
Original English >> So when a maestro like this gets detained,
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 到底有谁能来替代他？
Original English >> who is actually going to replace him?
>> 我们怎么能裁掉整个劳动力群体，却没有任何替代的办法？
Original English >> How do we get rid of a an entire workforce and have no way of replacing it?
>> 你这是要告诉我，我们应该从一个连锤子都没抡过的美国公民那里获取劳动力吗？
Original English >> You're going to tell me that we're supposed to get the labor from an American citizen that's never swung a hammer?
### A被拘留的经历 >> 而那个问题对A来说并不仅仅是一个理论问题。他告诉我不久前他的父亲被拘留了。突然之间，A成了班组的负责人。但他从未替代他的父亲。他只是努力自己去做那些活。而整个山谷地区也都在发生同样的事情。妻子顶替丈夫，儿子接替父亲。这是一个正在迅速消失的劳动力群体的复杂重组。然后就轮到了A。
Original English >> And that question wasn't just a theoretical one for A. He told me a while ago his father was detained. And all of a sudden, A became the head of the crew. But he never replaced his father. He just tried to do the work himself. And that was happening all around the valley, too. Wives filling in for husbands, sons covering for fathers. It was a complicated reshuffling of a rapidly disappearing workforce. And then it was A's turn.
>> 那只是很寻常的一天。于是我们到了工地。我们卸下设备、压缩机、呃发电机，所有东西。然后呃我看到大约有五六辆车就停在那里。我当时也没多想。我想着，“不，那是……我不知道那是什么。我不知道发生了什么。”
Original English >> It was just a common day. So we got to the job site. We got off the equipment, compressors, uh the generators, everything. And uh I saw like five or six cars just parked. And I didn't think so much about it. I'm like, "No, that's I don't know what it is. I don't know what's going on."
>> 它们不像是有标识的车辆。
Original English >> They're not like marked cars.
>> 不，什么都没有。它们就是普通的车。我们刚开始干活，我就看到两辆公羊皮卡停在我面前。就像全速冲过来一样。
Original English >> No, nothing. They're just regular cars. Soon as we started working, I just saw two Rams in front of me. Like full speed.
>> 冲着你来？
Original English >> Coming at you?
>> 冲着我来，是的。全速冲过来。等它们停下，车门打开，每辆皮卡下来四个人。所有目光都盯过来。我慌了。
Original English >> Coming at me, yes. Full speed. And when they stopped, they opened the doors, four guys out of each truck. All eyes. And I panicked.
>> A告诉我那些官员要查看他的身份证件。
Original English >> A told me the officials asked for his ID.
>> 我说：“你们为什么需要看我的身份证件？”他们说：“你们都知道我们只是需要看身份证件，以确保你们是合法的。”
Original English >> I'm like, "Why do you need to see my ID?" They're like, "Y'all know we just need to see IDs to make sure y'all are legal."
>> 他向对方解释他有出庭通知（NTA）。
Original English >> He explained to him he had an NTA.
>> 我的许可。
Original English >> my permit.
>> 出庭通知文件。这是美国国土安全部[音乐]交给移民法院以启动诉讼程序要求将某人驱逐出境的文件。
Original English >> A notice to appear document. It's what the DHS [music] gives immigration court to begin a legal case that a person should be removed from the country.
>> 所有东西。我都在遵纪守法。
Original English >> everything. I'm complying with the law.
>> A告诉他们自己遵纪守法。
Original English >> A told them he complied with the law.
>> 你们要求我做的一切我都在做。
Original English >> I'm doing everything y'all are asking me to do.
>> 他说他参加了所有的法庭听证会。
Original English >> He said he attended all the court hearings.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 而且我有我的最后一次
Original English >> And I have my final
>> 事实上，最后一次很快就要来了。届时移民法官将决定A是否可以留在该国。
Original English >> In fact, the final one was coming up soon. Where an immigration judge would decide whether A could stay in the country or not.
>> 于是我把身份证件递给了他。他看着我，又看了看那位移民与海关执法局（ICE）官员。而那位ICE官员只是说，他只是摇了摇头。呃，所以……怎么回事？那个人就说：“哦，不行，你得跟我们走一趟。”
Original English >> So I gave him my ID. And he looked at me and he looked at the ICE officer. And the ICE officer just said, he just nodded no. Uh so what's going on? The guy is like, "Oh, no, you're going to come with us."
>> 他们逮捕了他。
Original English >> They arrested him.
>> 所以我是说他们给我戴上了手铐。他们一刚把我带上皮卡，我妻子就给我打了电话。她问：“发生什么事了？呃我正往那边赶。”但她当时在哭。她哭得非常伤心。
Original English >> So I mean they put me in handcuffs. And as soon as they got me on the truck, my wife called me. And she's like, "What happened? Uh I'm on my way over there." But she was crying. She was crying really bad.
>> 他们把他带到了伊莎贝尔港拘留中心，在那里他将面临一个选择。
Original English >> They took him to Port Isabel Detention Center where he'd be given a choice.
>> 如果你想签自愿离境，你明天就会在墨西哥。而我说：“哦，如果我觉得这是我的国家，我为什么要去签自愿离境？我有我的家人，我有孩子，他们该怎么办？”然后他说：“我是说，那不是我的问题。那是你的问题。那是你父母非法把你带到这里的问题。”我说：“好吧，行吧。”
Original English >> If you want to sign the voluntary departure, you'll be in Mexico tomorrow. And I was like, "Oh, why am I going to sign a voluntary departure if I feel this is my country? I have my family, I have kids, and what are they going to do?" And he said, "I mean, that's not my problem. That's your problem. And that's your parents' problem for bringing you here illegally." I'm like, "Okay, all right."
### 劳动力流失对行业的影响 >> 浇筑地基和做构架是建房子的最初步骤之一。除非这些工作先完成，否则其他任何工序——屋顶、管道、油漆——都无法进行。
Original English >> Pouring a foundation and framing are some of the first steps to building a house. Nothing can happen, roofing, plumbing, painting, unless those jobs are finished first.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 因此，当这些班组人员不见时，就会推迟分包商的工期。我采访了一位小型建筑商，他告诉我在正常的年份里，他大约会建25栋房子。到2025年底，他只建了12栋。而进入2026年，他手里只有三份合同。如果建造的房屋变少，建这些房屋所需的材料就会减少。因此，木材和水泥供应商会告诉我，他们遇到的情况是销售额减少、取消订单增多。由于订单减少，我交谈过的几家公司为了维持运营不得不开始裁员。一家大型水泥公司告诉我，大约在这个时候，他裁掉了100多名员工。几个月后，他申请了破产。在整个山谷地区和全国其他地方正处于住房危机之中时，这一切尤为成问题。
Original English >> So, when those crews go missing, it pushes timelines out for subcontractors. I talked to one small builder who told me [music] in a normal year, he'd build around 25 houses. By the end of 2025, he'd only built 12. And going into 2026, he only had contracts for three. If fewer homes are being built, less materials are needed to build those homes. So, lumber and cement suppliers would tell me they were experiencing less sales and more cancellations. And with less orders, some companies I talked to had to start laying off employees to stay afloat. A big cement company told me that around this time, he laid off more than 100 workers. And a few months later, he filed for bankruptcy. All of this is particularly problematic when the Valley and the rest of the country is in the midst of a housing crisis.
>> 我们到底应该从哪里获取劳动力？
Original English >> Where are we supposed to get the labor from?
>> 人们常说，如果你把移民从这些岗位上撤走，美国人就会接手。[音乐]美国人会填补空缺。就连特朗普总统也曾这样主张过。但实际情况并非如此。
Original English >> It's often said that if you remove immigrants from these jobs, Americans will take [music] them. Americans will fill the void. Even President Trump has argued this. But that wasn't exactly happening.
>> 那太愚蠢了。那很蠢。怎么，所有人都会突然醒悟过来，呃，让我今天去搞构架吧，你知道吗，让我去浇混凝土吧。我对它一无所知，但我真的很兴奋地想去干这活，并在华氏110度的天气下工作。不，他们当然不会来。
Original English >> That's stupid. That is dumb. Well, all of a sudden everybody's going to like wake up and uh, let me go do framing today, you know, let me go pour concrete. I know nothing about it, but I'm really excited to go do it and work in a 110° weather. No, of course they're not going to come.
>> 但从南德克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）的角度，甚至从山谷地区教授建筑课程的大学讲师的角度来看，论调与全国其他地区所熟知的论调是一样的。
Original English >> But the argument from the perspective of the STBA and even college instructors in the valley who teach construction is the same as the one so familiar to the rest of the country.
>> 别人很容易会说：“哎，就雇美国人呗。”哎，美国人根本不想干这活。实话实说。
Original English >> It's easy for somebody to say, "Well, just hire Americans." Well, Americans don't want to do the work. Flat out.
>> 美国人不想要这些工作。
Original English >> Americans don't want these jobs.
>> 就像有人说：“哦，那是因为你们不想招人。”老兄，人家都告诉你当场就能录用你。问题是美国公民不想在建筑行业工作。
Original English >> Like when people are like, "Oh, it's cuz you guys don't want to hire." Dude, people are telling you that they'll hire you on the spot. The thing is United States citizens don't want to work in construction.
>> 马里奥（Mario）认为这并不是因为他们的报酬不高。他指出，一名学徒起薪是每小时15美元。
Original English >> And Mario argues it's not because they're not paid well. He points out that an apprentice starts out making $15 an hour.
>> 不，那高于最低工资。
Original English >> not That is more than minimum wage.
>> 那是该州最低工资的两倍多。
Original English >> That's more than double the state's minimum wage.
>> 所以我心里想，像是，不是。并不是说那是奴隶般的微薄报酬，而是工作太艰苦了。
Original English >> So I think to myself like no. It's not that it's slave labor pay is that the work is hard.
>> 但即便公民们真的想要这些工作，他们也不具备资格。
Original English >> But even if citizens did want these jobs they're not qualified.
>> 水管工。我们需要暖通空调工人。我们需要电工。我们需要构架工。而我们的高中里根本没有这些教学。至少在我来的这里没有。
Original English >> plumbers. We need HVAC workers. We need electricians. We need framers. And we don't have any of that in our high schools. At least not here where I come from.
>> 根本没有水泥工、构架工、瓦工、干墙工、油漆工。一个都没有。这门技能在任何地方都没在教。
Original English >> There are no cement workers, framers, masonary, drywallers, painters. There are zero. That skill is not being taught anywhere.
>> 要打造一支像正在消失的那支队伍一样熟练的劳动力，需要经历像A那样数年的培训。而那是山谷地区所不具备的劳动力。
Original English >> It would take years of training like A's to build a workforce as skilled as the one that was disappearing. And that was a workforce the valley didn't have.
>> 我们需要的是
Original English >> What we need is a
蓝领工人。我认为这个体系未能让我们做好准备。
Original English blue-collar worker. I believe the system has failed to prepare us.
>> 我们没有让任何人做好准备。我们谁都没培养。作为国家，我们做出了这些决定，却让自己做好了零准备。
Original English >> We didn't prepare anybody. We prepared nobody. We made these decisions as a country and prepared ourselves zero.
>> [music]
Original English >> [music]
>> 在一个对社会如此关键的行业里。我是说，拜托。这是遮风避雨的住处。这可不是，你知道的，奢侈品。这是人们安身立命的地方。而我们却笨手笨脚地应对这一切，就像某个不知所措的国家一样[ __ ]。
Original English >> In an industry that is so critical for a society. I mean, come on. This is shelter. This is not you know, luxuries. This is people having a place to live. And we'd fumble through that like some country that doesn't know [ __ ]
>> 我真希望我们有美国工人。老兄，我会当场录用他们。
Original English >> I wish we had American workers. Man, I would hire them on the spot.
>> 他们已经在干活了。南得克萨斯现有的、想干活的所有人，他们已经在那里了。他们已经在工作了。但那还不够。那远远不够。而且更多的人呢？我们没人能顶替他们。
Original English >> They're already working. The everything that's available in South Texas is and wants to work. They're already there. They're already working. But that's not enough. That's nearly not enough. And more? We have nobody to replace them.
>> 所以现在整个山谷地区——
Original English >> So now all around the valley
>> 我们找不到木工构架队。
Original English >> We can't find a framing crew.
>> 各地到处都是寂静无声的工地。
Original English >> there are quiet job sites everywhere.
>> 之前在那里干活的那个人就再也没回来。
Original English >> The guy that was working on it just never came back.
>> 随着越来越多的工人消失，这开始让人感觉像是一场危机。
Original English >> With more and more workers disappearing it was starting to feel like a crisis.
>> 我们——我们打了35通以上电话找构架工，只为了能找到一个。日常生活就是这么无法预测。你知道，我们[music]到了现场，就心想：[ __ ]他们今天会来吗？如果他们不来——好吧，去你的[ __ ]。但愿他们明天会来。如果他们明天还不来，那你只能祈祷他们没有被抓，或者——你根本不知道。
Original English >> We we've called over 35 framers just to find one. This is how unpredictable daily life is. You know, we show [music] up and it's like [ __ ] are they going to show up today? And if they don't show up well, [ __ ] you. Hopefully they'll show up tomorrow. And if they don't show up tomorrow, then you're hoping they didn't get picked up or you don't know.
>> STBA觉得[music]整个行业就快要坠入深渊了。
Original English >> The STBA felt [music] like the industry was about to go over a cliff.
>> 到了这个地步，如果他们搜查我的工地，我的生意[music]基本上就全垮了。我可以向你保证这一点。如果这种情况持续下去，山谷地区的建筑经济撑不过下一年。
Original English >> At this point, if they raid my job site, my business [music] is going down pretty much. I can guarantee you this. The valley's construction economy will not last another year if this continues.
>> 所以必须有人[music]——甚至可能是他们当中的某一个人——去为此做点什么了。
Original English >> So someone [music] maybe even one of them is going to have to do something about it.
>> 我们马上回来。
Original English >> We'll be right back.
### 胡里奥·卡兰萨的故事 >> 对STBA的许多建筑商来说，里奥格兰德河谷发生的一切，关乎的不仅仅是一个空荡荡的工地，或者一家陷入困境的企业。它关乎一种生活方式。一个他们继承下来的梦想。这是他们自己生命的故事。
Original English >> For many of the builders of the STBA, what was happening in the Rio Grande Valley was about more than just an empty job site or a failing business. It was about a way of life. A dream they'd inherited. It's the story of their lives.
>> [bell]
Original English >> [bell]
>> 在过去的一年里，我认识了他们当中的很多人。
Original English >> And over the past year I've gotten to know a lot of them.
>> 你能停在房子的北边吗？那里有一个小车道。
Original English >> Can you park on the north side of the house? There's a little driveway there.
>> 比如胡里奥·卡兰萨（Julio Carranza）。他是该协会的副会长，和马里奥并肩工作。他也认识做构架的A。A有时也为他干活。
Original English >> Like Julio Carranza. He's the vice president of the group and works alongside Mario. He knows A, the framer, too. A sometimes does work for him.
>> 进来吧，琳赛（Lindsay）。你最近怎么样？[laughter] 很高兴见到你。
Original English >> Come on in, Lindsay. How are you doing? [laughter] Good to see you.
>> 我也很高兴见到你。
Original English >> Good to see you too.
>> 我在他刚建在一家高尔夫球场边缘的大约6500平方英尺的家里见到了他。一辆Cybertruck停在外面的一条车道上。
Original English >> I met him at his roughly 6,500 square foot home he had just built on the perimeter of a golf course. Cybertrucks sits parked outside in one of the driveways.
>> 你真的就住在高尔夫球场上。
Original English >> You literally live on a golf course.
>> 是的。嗯，我刚搬进来——我正在搬进来，所以很容易——
Original English >> Yes. Well, I just moved in I'm moving in so it's easy to
>> 胡里奥很有魅力。他把你当作老朋友对待。他是哥们儿型的人。他脸上挂着灿烂的微笑。
Original English >> Julio is charismatic. He treats you like an old friend. He's bro. He wears a big smile.
>> 往回走，请坐。
Original English >> Back, take a seat.
>> 他知道自己从最初的起点走过了很长的路。他将永远铭记这一点。他的办公室里挂着一张他作为墨西哥一个胖乎乎小幼儿时的照片。
Original English >> He knows he's come a long way from where he first started. He'll always remember that. He's got a picture hanging in his office of him as a pudgy toddler in Mexico.
>> 我依然记得，就好像我们不是墨西哥人，但我们也不是美国人，你知道吗？
Original English >> And I remember still like we weren't from Mexico, but we weren't from America either, you know?
>> 他于1985年出生在得克萨斯州麦卡伦。但他生命中的前五年生活在紧邻边境另一侧的墨西哥雷诺萨。每天他的父亲都会穿过边境，去麦卡伦拉普拉扎购物中心（La Plaza Mall）的美食广场上班。胡里奥告诉我，人们那时就是那么过的：住在墨西哥，在得克萨斯工作。胡里奥的母亲是一名公民。最终他的全家永久地越过了边境。他的父母在得克萨斯州阿拉莫买了一所房子。
Original English >> He was born in 1985 in McAllen, Texas. But the first five years of his life he lived in Reynosa, Mexico just over the border. And everyday his dad would commute across it for his job in the food court at La Plaza Mall in McAllen. Julio told me that's just what people did. Live in Mexico, work in Texas. Julio's mom was a citizen. And eventually his family crossed the border for good. His parents bought a house in Alamo, Texas.
>> 我们住在一个极小的房子里。三个兄弟挤在一间卧室里，共用一个半卫生间。六口人。想象一下吧。
Original English >> We lived in a tiny home. It was three brothers in one bedroom in one and a half bath. Six people. Imagine that.
>> 那是一所什么样的房子？
Original English >> What kind of house was that like?
>> 我想我有一张照片。就是这个。
Original English >> I think I got a picture. And that's it.
>> 好的。
Original English >> Okay.
>> 简易车棚。
Original English >> Carport.
>> 那是一所带有米黄色砖墙和简易车棚的小房子。朴素低调。但胡里奥说，他在那里的记忆历历在目。
Original English >> It's a little house with beige bricks and a carport. Understated. But Julio says his memories there are vivid.
>> 是的，有很多美好的时刻，也有很多暴力。你知道，贫困，老兄。那就像教科书般的西班牙裔家庭，你知道吗？你的一家人住在附近，挨得很近。烧烤。科里多民谣（Corridos）。啤酒。枪声，你知道吧？典型的那种。
Original English >> Yeah, a lot of good moments, a lot of violence also. You know, poverty, bro. It was like textbook Hispanic household, you know? Your family lives together close by. Barbecue. Corridos. Beers. Gunshots, you know? Typical.
>> 好玩吗？
Original English >> Was it fun?
>> 很好玩。非常好玩。所以那就是——那就是我们会听的音乐。
Original English >> It was fun. It was so fun. So those are the the music we would listen to.
>> 噢，真的吗？
Original English >> Oh, really?
>> 会听的。它们叫科里多民谣。你就尽情地跟着音乐摇摆，[music] 喝着你的啤酒，闻着空气中的豆梨木香，对吧？你就戴着你的墨西哥宽檐帽、你的鸭舌帽一起闲逛，我们就在那儿放松。
Original English >> do. They're called corridos. So you're just jamming [music] out, drinking your beers, smelling the mesquite in the air, right? And you're just hanging out with your sombreros, your caps, and we're just chilling.
>> [music] [singing]
Original English >> [music] [singing]
>> 我还记得那些。是的。
Original English >> I remember that. Yeah.
>> 胡里奥告诉我，他父亲不怎么喝酒，也不抽烟。但他是个工作狂。他最终在当地一家名为HEB的杂货店找到了一份工作。他总是在工作。手头很拮据。他们有时依靠食品券度日。
Original English >> Julio told me his dad didn't drink much, nor did he smoke. But, he was a workaholic. He eventually got a job at the HEB, a local grocery store. He worked all the time. Money was tight. They relied on food stamps at times.
>> 我总是讨厌去为开学买东西，因为我知道自己永远买不到想要的东西。
Original English >> Always hated having to go school shopping cuz I know I would never get what I wanted.
>> 胡里奥的母亲会给他买五件衬衫，上学每天穿一件，一件也不多给。
Original English >> Julio's mom would get him five shirts, one for each day of school, and no more.
>> 我还能拿到三条裤子，因为你可以混着搭配穿。就这些了。
Original English >> And I get three pants cuz you can mix and match. That's it.
>> 是啊。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 因为我们什么也买不起。
Original English >> Cuz we couldn't afford anything.
>> 衣服并不是让胡里奥感到与众不同的唯一方面。
Original English >> The clothes weren't the only way Julio felt different.
>> 所以，当我进入学校系统时——
Original English >> So, when I came into the school system
>> 在山谷地区刚开始上学时，他说西班牙语。所以，他说自己只上双语班。
Original English >> spoke Spanish when he started school in the valley. So, he said he was in bilingual classes only.
>> 幼儿园、一年级和二年级。
Original English >> kinder, first, and second
>> 但是在三年级时，他的老师把他调入了他的第一个纯英语班。
Original English >> But, in third grade, his teachers moved him up to his first English-only class.
>> 于是，现在你被跳升到了英语班，现在你接触到的是不同层次的学生，他们的父母或是老师。其中一个，他的父母是律师。另一个，是校长。有的开餐馆，你知道的，诸如此类。而我来了，我是第一代。他们已经是第二代或第三代了。
Original English >> So, now you get jumped up to an English class, now you get a different level of students, parents or teachers. One of them, his parents was an attorney. Another one, principal. Owned a restaurant, you know, stuff like that. Here I come, first generation. They're already second or third.
>> 嗯。
Original English >> Mhm.
>> 我记得我们当时在一堂文化课上，辅导员问：“嘿，你们的父母是做什么的？”嗯，我爸爸——说我爸爸在，我当时特别紧张。我说：“噢，他们肯定会[ __ ]嘲笑我的。”他们——我当时非常敏感自卑。果不其然，我说：“我爸爸在HEB工作。”我的天啊，所有人开始[ __ ]哄堂大笑。是的，因为他在杂货店工作。他是个收银员。老兄，我感觉糟透了，无地自容，对吧？老师说：“别笑，大家。不是每个人，你们知道的，都是专业人士之类的。”然后我们就继续上课了。所以，我心里总憋着一股劲，对吧？我必须[ __ ]出人头地。
Original English >> And I remember we were in a culture class, and the counselor said, "Hey, what do your parents do?" Well, my dad says my dad's at, and I was so nervous. And I said, "Oh, they're going to [ __ ] laugh at me." They I was so self-conscious. Sure enough, I said, "My dad works at HEB." Oh my god, everybody started [ __ ] laughing. Yeah, because he worked at a grocery store. He was a cashier. I felt horrible, bro, and embarrassed, right? The teacher said, "Don't laugh, guys. Not everybody, you know, was a professional and stuff like that." And we moved on. So, I always got that chip on my shoulder, right? I had to [ __ ] make it out.
>> [music]
Original English >> [music]
>> 来自墨西哥库利亚坎的拳手。体重139.5磅，胡里奥·塞萨尔·查韦斯（Julio Cesar Chavez）。
Original English >> Fighting out of Culiacan, Mexico. Weighing in at 139 and 1/2 lbs, Julio Cesar Chavez.
>> 所以，在那个时候[music]，世界上最伟大的拳击手之一胡里奥·塞萨尔·查韦斯正处于[music]他的巅峰期。每当有拳击比赛时——拳击在我们的文化里是一件大事。[music] 你会让整个街坊，好几家邻居全都聚在一所房子里，一边烧烤，一边收听，然后大家凑钱去租HBO频道。你会去那个装了有线电视的人家里，对吧？在那个年代，我们就会这么做。[music] 然后我们就会聚会，接着——而我是一个到处招揽生意的倒腾小孩，当起了酒保。“嘿，啤酒，”[music] 然后他们就会给我小费。“这是啤酒，”他们就给我小费。我总是那样去奔忙折腾。那就是我会做的事。
Original English >> So, back [music] then, Julio Cesar Chavez, one of the greatest boxers in the world, was [music] at his top. And every time there was a boxing match, boxing was huge in our culture. [music] You'd have the whole neighborhood, few neighbors all in one house, barbecuing, listening, and then pitching in to rent that HBO. And you'd go to the house of the person that had the cable, right? Back then, we would do it. [music] And then we would party and then And I'm a little kid hustling, being a bartender. Hey, beer, [music] and they'd give me a tip. Here's a beer, and they'd give me a tip. I always hustled like that. That's what I would do.
>> 准确度。
Original English >> the accuracy.
>> 胡里奥找到了很多折腾搞钱的办法。
Original English >> Julio found lots of ways to hustle.
>> “行，让我帮你洗车。多少钱？”搞定。
Original English >> Okay, let me clean your car. How much? Boom.
>> 他会给他叔叔洗那辆1996年产的红色克尔维特（Corvette）。他深爱那辆车。他给别人理发。他靠捡哈士奇的粪便每周赚5美元。直到他攒够了钱买下自己的第一双全新耐克鞋。
Original English >> He'd clean his uncle's '96 red Corvette. He loved that car. He gave people haircuts. He earned $5 a week picking up husky poops. Until he earned enough money to buy his first pair of new Nikes.
>> 好的。我在六年级的时候买到了安芬尼·哈达威（Anfernee Hardaways）。那是100美元。
Original English >> Okay. And I get the Anfernee Hardaways when I was in sixth grade. They were $100.
>> 在那时候？
Original English >> Back then?
>> 那双——是的，90块钱加税。而且对我来说还大了一个尺码。去了Kids Foot Locker买到了它们。
Original English >> And they were Yeah, 90 bucks plus tax. And they were a size too big for me. Went to Kids Foot Locker and I got them.
>> 你有感到胜券在握的成就感吗？[music] 比如当你拿到耐克鞋的时候？
Original English >> Did you feel like triumphant? [music] Like when you got the Nikes?
>> 噢，是的。
Original English >> Oh, yeah.
>> 胡里奥结婚了，并成为了一名特殊教育老师。你喜欢那份工作的什么？
Original English >> Julio got married and became a special ed teacher. What did you like about that?
>> 孩子们、贫困、低经济地位。我能与他们产生共鸣。这里有很多天赋。非常多。
Original English >> Kids, poverty, low economic status. I related to them. There's a lot of talent here. A lot.
>> 他深爱这份工作。而且这份工作年薪40,000。
Original English >> He loved the work. And the job paid 40,000 a year.
>> 你能靠那样生活吗？
Original English >> Could you live like that?
>> 噢，当然。我成功了。[clears throat] 我[ __ ]做到了。
Original English >> Oh, yeah. I made [clears throat] it. I [ __ ] made it.
>> 但是有一天，一个新的机会来了。
Original English >> But one day a new opportunity came.
>> 我哥哥说服我开始为他工作。
Original English >> My brother convinced me to start working for him.
>> 他的哥哥让他加入自己一起去卖房子。
Original English >> His brother asked him to join him in selling houses.
>> 我说：“如果你每年给我补足60,000美元，我就离职，并且我会让你看看我能做什么。”
Original English >> And I said, "If you supplement $60,000 a year, I'll leave and I'll show you what I can do."
>> 于是胡里奥放手一搏，用他的话说——
Original English >> So Julio took a leap of faith and in his words
>> 我就把规模做大了。
Original English >> And I scaled.
>> 他大赚了一笔。
Original English >> he banked it.
>> 34岁？
Original English >> 34 years old?
>> 对。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 一位百万富翁，从底层一路走来，像——
Original English >> A millionaire, started from the bottom like
>> 一名开发商
Original English >> a developer
还拥有自己的抵押贷款公司。
Original Englishand owns his own mortgage company.
>> 比如这里的这些，它们是菲拉格慕（Ferragamos）。你……你觉得它们……
Original English>> Like these right here, they're Ferragamos. What What do you think they
>> 他的衣橱里塞满了他财务上的成功。
Original English>> His closet is full of his financial successes.
>> 像这种东西。我是说，你会看到我买一块7万美元的手表，一件1500美元的衬衫。我现在对这些东西很有情结，因为我记得……
Original English>> [ __ ] like this. I mean, you got me buying a $70,000 watch, a $1,500 shirt. And I have a thing for that now because I remember
>> 他说他的银行专员就是小时候嘲笑过他的那些孩子之一。
Original English>> He says his banker is one of those kids who laughed at him when he was a child.
>> 他能看到我存在银行里的现金。他能看到我的财富账户，你懂的。
Original English>> He sees my cash in the bank. He sees my wealth account, you know.
>> 当他看到这些时，你……你感觉怎么样？
Original English>> Do you How do you feel when he sees him?
>> 我觉得超牛、超过瘾。
Original English>> I feel badass.
>> [笑声]
Original English>> [laughter]
>> 他对他毫无怨恨。但依旧——他感到很自豪。
Original English>> He holds nothing against him. But still he's proud.
>> 我感觉挺好。
Original English>> I feel good.
>> [音乐]
Original English>> [music]
### 格兰德河谷的社区与突击搜查 >> 格兰德河谷（Rio Grande Valley）的几个县属于全美最贫困的地区之列。所以胡利奥（Julio）从未远离过他的出身之地。当他开车在河谷转悠时，他会经过那些殖民区（colonias）——那是些往往很贫困的小型社区，有时缺乏像铺设路面[音乐]和排污系统这样的基本基础设施。其中很多社区是几十年前建立的，当时墨西哥的农场工人和劳工来到田地里干活，需要一个住的地方。但在像这样的贫困角落里，正是胡利奥看到机遇的地方。所以多年来，他一直在建造封闭式门禁社区和住宅小区。
Original English>> The Rio Grande Valley's counties are among the poorest in the nation. So Julio's never far from where he came from. When he drives around the valley, he passes colonias, small, often impoverished communities that sometimes lack basic infrastructure like paved roads [music] and sewage systems. A lot of them were established decades ago when farm workers and laborers came from Mexico to work in the fields and needed a place to live. But in pockets of poverty like these, that's where Julio sees possibility. So for years, he's been creating gated communities and subdivisions.
>> 所以这里会装一个滑动门，这样我就可以去高尔夫球场了。
Original English>> So this will have a sliding gate so I can go to the golf course.
>> 等等，所以这栋房子是你建的吗？你……你建的？
Original English>> Wait, so did you build this house? You You built it?
还有像他现在住的这样的住宅。
Original EnglishAnd homes like the one he lives in now.
>> 所以这些全都是我……我自己弄的，人工草坪。
Original English>> So I I did all this myself, artificial turf.
>> 你的孩子们全都有他们自己的卧室吗？
Original English>> Do all your kids have their own bedrooms?
>> 是的，他们有套房。
Original English>> Yes, they have suites.
>> 所以这些搜查突袭不仅是对他们生计的打击。这是对他们本身的打击。是对他们所为之奋斗的一切的打击。也是对其父母和祖父母所奋斗的一切的打击。但是这一代建筑商，他们可不会就这么默默忍气吞声。于是马里奥（Mario）、胡利奥以及南得克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）董事会的其余成员开始制定策略。
Original English>> So the raids weren't just an attack on their livelihoods. They were an attack on them. An attack on everything they'd worked toward. Everything their parents and grandparents had worked toward, too. But this generation of builders, they weren't just going to roll over in silence. So Mario and Julio and the rest of the board at the STBA started strategizing.
>> 呃，我们当时很困惑。我们到底该怎么办？
Original English>> Well, we were confused. What the [ __ ] do we do?
>> 开会，伙计。我们……我们该怎么办？
Original English>> meetings, dude. We What do we do?
>> 他们开始寻求帮助。
Original English>> They started looking for help.
>> 我们跟谁谈？然后我说：“伙计，你们得闹出点动静来，伙计。”
Original English>> we talk to? And I said, "Dude, you need to make some noise, dude."
>> 他们告诉我，他们去找了当地执法部门和当地城市领导人。
Original English>> They told me they went to local law enforcement and local city leaders.
>> 你知道的，市长们、理事们。
Original English>> You know, mayors, commissioners.
>> 但他们被告知：“抱歉。这是联邦层面的问题。”
Original English>> But they were told, "Sorry. This is a federal issue."
>> 你们不制定法律，但你们是我们的传声筒。而且你们能接触到那些高层，对吧？真正的领导者就该这么做。而那表现得相当软弱，你知道吗？所以我们决定必须在政治层面抗争。我们必须给我们的国会议员打电话。那是搞定这破事的唯一[清嗓子]途径。
Original English>> You don't write the laws, but you're our voice. And you have access to that [ __ ] right? That's what a true leader does. And that's pretty weak, you know? So we decided we need to fight this politically. We need to call our congressman. That's the only [clears throat] way to [ __ ] do this.
### 政治诉求与自救防范 >> 代表马里奥所在选区的国会议员是共和党众议员莫妮卡·德·拉·克鲁斯（Monica De la Cruz）。
Original English>> The member of Congress who represents Mario's district is Republican Congresswoman Monica De la Cruz.
>> 直接联系她。
Original English>> her directly.
>> 他其实有她的直接联系方式。
Original English>> He actually had her direct contact.
>> 我妈妈和我爸爸给她盖过房子。她一点忙也没帮。
Original English>> my mom and my dad built her house. She was no help.
>> 他们也和其他民主党国会议员谈过，比如维森特·冈萨雷斯（Vicente Gonzalez）和亨利·奎利亚尔（Henry Cuellar），还有国会议员候选人，比如鲍比·普利多（Bobby Pulido）和詹姆斯·塔拉里科（James Talarico）。
Original English>> They talked to other Democratic members of Congress, like Vicente Gonzalez and Henry Cuellar, and candidates for Congress like Bobby Pulido and James Talarico, too.
>> 就像今天早上我还试图去……
Original English>> And like this morning I tried to go to
>> 马里奥甚至还找过白宫官员，比如时任国土安全部部长的克里斯蒂·诺姆（Kristi Noem），她当时来与当地的一群农民座谈。
Original English>> Mario even tried White House officials, like then Secretary of Homeland Security Kristi Noem, who had come to talk to a local group of farmers.
>> 你们进不去的，赶紧出去。这是农民会议。
Original English>> You're not getting to get out. This is a farmers meeting.
>> 但他很快就被赶了出来。
Original English>> But he was quickly kicked out.
>> 然后他们把我带出去了。
Original English>> And they took me out.
>> 对 STBA 董事会来说，这无关党派。他们觉得是自己雇佣了这些官员来干这份工作的。
Original English>> It wasn't about a party for the board at the STBA. They felt they hired these officials for the job.
>> 我的意思是，说到底，我们需要提醒我们的民选官员，是我们把他们选上去的。是我们把他们放在那个位置上的。他们需要明白，就像我们能把他们送上去一样，我们也能把他们拉下来。
Original English>> I mean, at the end of the day, we need to remind our elected officials that we put them there. We put them there. And they need to understand that just like we put them there, we can take them out.
>> 建筑商们也开始自己采取行动。
Original English>> Builders also started to take action themselves.
>> 在我们的工地面周围拉起隔离围栏。我们的大门……
Original English>> Putting a perimeter around our worksites. Our gates
>> 在工地区域周围立起围栏。
Original English>> to put up fencing around the job sites.
>> 大门始终上锁。
Original English>> Locked gates at all times.
>> 工人们也在主动要求这样做。
Original English>> Workers were asking for it.
>> 每天在所有的工地把围栏立起来，确保锁好，用铁链锁上。而且我们正准备安装高压电网围栏。呃……
Original English>> Put up the fences in all the job sites every day, make sure with their lock, they lock with the chain. And we're about to install high-voltage electricity fences. Um
>> 哇。
Original English>> Wow.
>> 不，我开玩笑的，伙计。那是……那是个玩笑。
Original English>> No, I'm kidding, dude. That was That was a joke.
>> 感觉像，什么？[笑声]
Original English>> like, what? [laughter]
>> 呃，我其实正在给一个 ICE 执法人员盖房子。
Original English>> Uh I'm actually building a house for an ICE agent.
>> 就在现在？
Original English>> Right now?
>> 是的，就在现在。他的项目是最后一批装围栏的项目之一。他说，我刚看到你给围起来了，我说，是啊，我们不得不这么做。但是，他就只是点了点头。他就是说，是啊，你们确实得这么做。然后就没别的话了。
Original English>> Yeah, right now. His project was one of the last projects to get fenced up. He's like, I just saw that you fenced it up, and I was like, yeah, we had to. But, he just nodded. He's just like, yeah, that's what you need. Then that's it.
>> 他的项目没有被搜查，对吧？
Original English>> His project hasn't been raided, right?
>> 他的没有。
Original English>> His has not.
>> 很多建筑商投资购买了安防监控摄像头。
Original English>> Many builders invested in security cameras.
>> 是的，通过我的手机24小时全天候录像，即使在晚上也是。带摄像头的10英尺高、4乘4的立柱，太阳能供电。你看，我们看到了明尼苏达州那个女士身上发生了什么。上帝保佑千万别让我们哪个工人遇上那样的事，不管是怎样，或是发生在我们哪个人身上，我们要是卷入某种冲突，然后他们在这里找到这些枪手。
Original English>> Yeah, through my phone record 24/7, even at night. Big 10-ft 4 by 4 poles with cameras, solar power. Look, we saw what happened with that lady up in Minnesota. God forbid something like that happens to one of our workers, whatever, one of us, we get into some kind of scuffle and they find these shooters on here.
>> [音乐]
Original English>> [music]
>> 你知道的，大伙儿，我们得安装摄像头。
Original English>> You know, y'all, we need to put cameras.
>> 很多人指示手下的施工队，如果 ICE 出现，不要跟他们说话。但是，无论做什么，千万别跑。
Original English>> Many instructed their crews that if ICE shows up, don't talk to them. But, whatever you do, don't run.
>> 这是关键。千万别跑开。直接进屋里去。那个施工现场，别去理会[音乐]。
Original English>> That's the key. Do not run away. Just go inside the house. That job site, ignore [music] it.
>> 那样做肯定特别难，比如……
Original English>> That must be such a hard thing to do, like
>> 太难了。我经常这么告诫，对自己也这么说，但我……我能想象要是换作他们的处境，如果遇到那种事会是什么感觉。
Original English>> It's so tough. I preach it, I say it to myself, but I I can imagine like being in their shoes when if that happens.
### 权利困惑与种族视角的觉醒 >> 但是，他们知道这一切都只是权宜之计。这解决不了问题。
Original English>> But, they knew all of this was only a stopgap. It wasn't fixing the problem.
>> 大家非常关心我们实际到底拥有哪些权利。
Original English>> People are really concerned about what our actual rights are.
>> 他们很困惑，因为这些施工工地难道不属于私人领地吗？
Original English>> They were confused because weren't these job sites private property?
>> 作为土地所有者，我们的立场和权益在哪里？我们不清楚。
Original English>> Where do we as landowners stand? We don't know that.
>> 他们告诉我，他们觉得执法人员在利用那些不懂自己权利的工人。然而，他们自己是公民，面对自己的权利同样一头雾水。
Original English>> They told me they felt agents were taking advantage of workers who didn't know their rights. But, here they were citizens, and they were puzzled about their rights, too.
>> 所以，这就像是，我们到底在干什么？我是说，该死。在没有搜查令的情况下进行种族定性，他们只凭最低限度的理由就说：“嘿，让我进去。”那最低限度的理由是什么？因为他们是棕色人种，而且在干建筑？
Original English>> So, it's like, what are we doing? I mean, [ __ ] The racial profiling when you don't have a warrant, they're using the bare minimum to say, "Hey, let me go in there." And what's the bare minimum? They're brown and they're working construction?
>> 对 STBA 的一些建筑商来说，
Original English>> To some builders in the STBA,
>> 这不对劲。
Original English>> It's not right.
>> 这整件事开始让人觉得带有种族主义色彩。
Original English>> This all starting to feel racist.
>> 我的意思是，这就是种族主义。说实在的，这就是种族主义。
Original English>> I mean, it's racist. Like, let's be real. It's racist.
>> 这对格兰德河谷的许多人来说，几乎是难以置信的。
Original English>> Which, for many in the Rio Grande Valley, was almost unbelievable.
>> 我们周围有一层小小的保护壳。
Original English>> We have a little shell around us.
>> 他们中的许多人告诉我，由于河谷大部分是拉丁裔，
Original English>> Many of them told me that because the Valley is mostly Latino,
>> 你习惯了不会被种族定性。你习惯了不会被骂侮辱性字眼，或者……
Original English>> you're used to not being racially profiled. You're used to not being called slur's or
>> 他们以前确实从不需要去多想种族主义。
Original English>> They never really had to think much about racism.
>> 在河谷这里，种族主义在这根本就不是个事儿。
Original English>> Here in the Valley, like, racism is not a thing here.
>> 而且这并不仅是针对无证工人。你……你是否曾害怕只是走在大街上、过你普通的生活？你心里有恐惧吗？
Original English>> And it wasn't just directed toward undocumented workers. Do you Are are you ever afraid to just walk around, live your normal life? Do you have any fear?
>> 呃，我……我是说，这念头在我脑海里闪过过。正因为这样，我才会随身携带我的……我的身份证件。
Original English>> Um I I mean, it it's crossed my mind. That's why I'm like carrying my my ID with me.
>> 于是，许多建筑商开始随身携带驾照和护照。
Original English>> So, many builders started carrying around their driver's licenses, their passports.
>> 作为一名美国公民，心里却有这种状态，感到挺悲哀的，去……
Original English>> It's sad to to have that state of mind as a United States citizen to
>> [音乐]
Original English>> [music]
>> 担心自己可能随时遭到盘问。但在眼下，这就是我们面临的现实，尤其是在我们这儿。
Original English>> have a fear that potentially you could be questioned. But, at the moment, that's the reality that we're facing, especially down here.
>> 他们中的一些人自己也曾被拦下。
Original English>> Some of them got pulled over themselves.
>> 我当时就问：“为什么……你们为什么要拦我？”我停下了我的工作货车。我……我不知道他们为什么拦我，但他向我索要证件。我说：“我是美国公民。我刚下班出来，兄弟。”就这。然后他就放我走了。然后心里就觉得：“我的天哪，这到底算怎么回事？”你知道的，这真把我惹火了。
Original English>> And I was like, "Why why are you stopping me?" And I stopped my work truck. I I don't know why they stopped me, but he asked me for papers. I'm like, "I'm a US citizen. I just came from work, brother." That's it. And then he let me off. And then it's like, "Oh my god, what the hell is this?" You know, it pisses me off.
>> 那大概是在一月份。当全美上下都因明尼阿波利斯发生的 ICE 击杀勒内·阿兰达（Rene Aranda）事件而震惊动荡之际，STBA 采取了不同的行动。他们在马丁·路德·金纪念日那天召开了另一场会议。
Original English>> It was around January. And while the entire country was reeling from the ICE killing of Rene Aranda in Minneapolis, the STBA did something different. They held another meeting on Martin Luther King Day.
>> 当我定下[音乐]开会日期的时候，我根本都不知道那是马丁·路德·金纪念日。
Original English>> When I set the [music] date for the meeting, I didn't even know it was Martin Luther King Day.
>> [音乐]
Original English>> [music]
>> 这个日子以前对马里奥来说没有多大意义。但是，当会议日程定下来后，他开始去了解它。
Original English>> The day didn't mean much to Mario before. But, when the meeting was set, he started to look into it.
>> 当我意识到这一点时，我开始去听马丁·路德·金的演讲。因为小时候我从来没真正注意过他到底在讲些什么。如今作为一个成年人，我听着他的演讲，心里想：“天哪，这跟我们正在经历的事情太像了。感觉……感觉非常具有针对性。就像我们的权利被剥夺了一样。我是说，感觉就是那样。对我们的文化群体来说，感受就是那样。”
Original English>> When I realized it, I started listening to Martin Luther King's speeches. Cuz I had never really paid attention to him as a child of what he was talking about. Now as an adult, I was listening to him and I'm like, "Man, this resembles what we're going through. It feels It feels very targeted. Like our rights have been taken away. I mean, it feels like that. Like that's how it feels to our culture.
>> 请大家起立低头默祷好吗？
Original English>> May we rise and bow our heads, please?
>> 他们邀请了国会议员。
Original English>> They invited members of Congress.
>> 天父上帝，我要为你在此处的每一个人献上感谢，上帝。
Original English>> I want to thank you, Father God, for every person that's here, God.
>> 在简短的祷告后，STBA 播放了一段视频
Original English>> And after a quick prayer, the STBA played a video
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 马丁·路德·金的……
Original English >> of Martin Luther King.
>> 打开你们俄罗斯那个极权国家。也许我能理解其中的一些非法禁令。
Original English >> Turn on your Russia totalitarian country. Maybe I could understand SOME OF THESE ILLEGAL INJUNCTIONS.
>> 紧挨着最近在山谷地区（the Valley）进行 ICE 突击搜捕的镜头。
Original English >> Next to footage of recent ICE raids in the Valley.
### 南德州建筑商协会的诉求与探讨 >> 我长话短说。我们作为一个社区，正在经历一些非常艰难的时期。仅从我们地区，就有超过 9,000 人被驱逐出境。我们是一群爱好和平的人。我们工作非常努力。你们在任何地方都没看到像在其他地区那样的骚乱。我们只是各司其职，埋头苦干。我们修补好那块没浇筑完的混凝土平板，然后继续前行。感谢各位的光临。我很感激大家，我们开始谈吧。
Original English >> I'm going to keep this very brief. We, as a community, are going through some really hard times. Over 9,000 people have been deported just out of our area. We are a peaceful people. We work really hard. Nowhere did you see disruption like you've seen in other areas. We simply do what we do. We fix that concrete slab that didn't get poured, and we move forward. Thank you for being here. I appreciate y'all, and let's talk.
>> 谢谢。早上好。大家早上好，感谢大家今天邀请我来这里。我是国会议员……
Original English >> Thank you. Good morning. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for having me here today. I am Congresswoman
>> 在国会议员们作完自我介绍之后，
Original English >> And after the members of Congress introduced themselves,
>> 大家好。我叫亨利·奎利亚尔（Henry Cuellar），第 28 选区国会议员。
Original English >> to all of you. My name is Henry Cuellar, Congressman, District 28.
>> 胡利奥（Julio）站起身来，就他们的权利提出了一些问题。
Original English >> Julio gets up and asks some questions about their rights.
>> 我们想明确了解法律。在工作场所执法方面，什么可以做，什么不能做？
Original English >> We want to know the law clearly. What can and what can't be done on worksite enforcements?
>> 谁才是法律？
Original English >> Who is the law?
>> 然后，他传达了自己的心声。
Original English >> And then, he sends his own message.
>> 我的意思是，你们应该……你们在明尼阿波利斯那边有人，那里的白人都群情激愤、准备反抗。然后你们来到这里的拉美裔社区（la raza）。我们安分守己。我们在工作。我们不闹事。没人闹事。设想一下，如果我们也愤怒抗议，去社交媒体上把大家召集起来。我们不需要那么做。我们已经超越了那种阶段。我们在这里是一股强大的力量。我们平日保持沉默。但别去唤醒那只老虎，伙计，因为我们要是发起疯来……我们是动真格的，对吧？抱歉，这是我骨子里的街头匪气，但是……我们来开始找些解决办法吧。所以，如果你们能给我们一些反馈，奎利亚尔先生，德拉克鲁斯（de la Cruz）女士，我们就可以开始圆桌讨论了。谢谢。
Original English >> I mean, you should you got people up in in Minneapolis, all the white people are up in arms. Then you come here to the raza. We mind our business. We're working. We don't fight. No one's fighting. Imagine if we get up in arms and we go on social media and we rally everybody up. We don't need to do that. We're beyond that. We're a powerful bunch down here. We're quiet. But just don't wake up that tiger, man, because we get crazy. And we get down, right? Sorry, that's the album in me, but Let's Let's start some solutions. So, if you guys can give us some feedback, Mr. Cuellar, Ms. de la Cruz, we can start a round table discussion. Thank you.
>> 那么，呃，我先来开始这个讨论。嗯，首先，感谢大家今天的到来。
Original English >> So, uh I'll begin this discussion. Um number one, thank you everyone for being here today.
>> 德拉克鲁斯议员尝试作出了回答。
Original English >> Congresswoman de la Cruz takes a stab at an answer.
>> 我们是立法者。
Original English >> We're legislators.
>> 他们正在讨论立法方案，或许是创建一个新的工作签证项目。
Original English >> They're discussing legislative options, maybe creating a new work visa program.
>> 我们正在关注某些立法法案。奎利亚尔议员谈到了他在拨款方面的工作。
Original English >> There's certain pieces of legislation that we are looking at. And Congressman Cuellar talks about his work on appropriations.
>> 寻求对 ICE 进行某种监管。
Original English >> to find some sort of oversight for ICE.
>> 对 ICE 严加看管。在会议结束前，另一位 STBA（南德州建筑商协会）董事会成员作了最后的恳求。
Original English >> for going girls on ICE. And before the meeting adjourns, another STBA board member makes a final plea.
>> 有很多人，我有许多工人已经很多年没能见到家人了。他们在这里待了 10 年、20 年、30 年。他们的父母、祖父母正在离世，他们中的一些人撇下了孩子，至今没能去探望自己的孩子。这就是他们想要的。他们只是想能够跨过边境，看看亲戚，看看家人。入籍固然是好事，但归根结底，那不是他们所追求的。他们只是想能够工作。而我们作为建筑商，只是想能够把房子盖完。我们想要能够往前推进。这是我们唯一知晓的生活方式。这是我们唯一从事的事情。我们只是想能够继续工作。
Original English >> There's many people that I have many workers that haven't been able to see their families for many years. They've been here for 10, 20, 30 years. And their parents are dying, their grandparents, and some of them left children behind and they haven't been able to go see their children. And that's what they want. They just want to be able to cross across the border, see their relatives, see their families. Citizenship is good, but at the end, that's not what they're looking for. They just want to be able to work. And we as builders, we just want to be able to finish our homes. We want to be able to move forward. This is the only way of life that we know. This is the only thing we do. And we just want to be able to continue working.
>> 嗯，我认为……
Original English >> Well, I think that what
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
### 前往华盛顿国会山 >> 会议结束后，我问马里奥（Mario），他是否认为他们得到了关于自身权利的明确答案。
Original English >> After the meeting, I asked Mario about whether he thought they got a clear answer about their rights.
>> 噢，没有。没有，完全没有。我的意思是，问题就在这儿。我们根本没能拿到答案。
Original English >> Oh, no. No, no. I mean, that's the thing. We weren't able to get an answer.
>> 那你觉得为什么你们没能在那件事上得到明确的回答？
Original English >> And why don't you think you were able to get a clear answer on that?
>> 因为我认为他们自己也不知道。而且我认为他们不想对我们撒谎。我认为他们明白，我们现在正处于一个非常微妙的特殊历史时刻。那非常令人害怕。
Original English >> Because I don't believe that they know it. And I don't believe that they want to lie to us. I believe that they understand that it's a very interesting moment in time we're at right now. And that's very frightening.
>> 但马里奥和董事会觉得他们理应得到一个解释。于是他们询问那些国会议员，能否在华盛顿安排一次会面，以便与特朗普政府的高层领导人面谈。甚至可能直接与特朗普总统本人面谈。而事情正是这样推进的。他们飞往了华盛顿，
Original English >> But Mario and the board felt they were owed an explanation. So they asked those members of Congress whether they could arrange a meeting in Washington to talk to leaders in the Trump administration. Maybe even President Trump himself. And that's exactly what happened. They flew to Washington
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 步入了国会大厦。
Original English >> and walked into the Capitol.
>> 你以前去过那里吗？
Original English >> Had you been there before?
>> 从来没有。
Original English >> Never.
>> 看到那一切是什么感觉？
Original English >> What was that like to see?
>> 我简直不敢相信自己站在那里。我当时就像在说：“哇，简直不敢相信。”我是和我父亲一起去的，因为他也是董事会的一员。他是董事会成员之一。
Original English >> I couldn't believe that I was there. I was like, "Wow, like I couldn't believe it." And I was there with my dad cuz he's part of the board. Like he's one of the board members.
>> 我们走进去，那里……
Original English >> And we go in there and it's
>> 我们赶到了那里，一群墨西哥人走进去，心里想着：“哇，伙计，我们建成了这些。”于是我们环顾四周，看到了一切，看到了所有的宏伟与壮丽。
Original English >> So we show up, a bunch of Mexicans show up and we're like, "Wow, man, we came to build this." So we're looking around and everything and it's and we see how great everything is.
>> 我只是静静地站在那里，沉浸其中。你知道，连我父亲都说：“要不是因为你，我们这里没有一个人会有机会站在这里。”那感觉真的太棒了。我只是觉得，比赛时刻到了。对我来说这就是比赛时刻。我想：“好了，兄弟，你只有这唯一一次机会。这是你挺身而出、大干一场的唯一机会了。”
Original English >> I just stood there and I soaked it in. And you know, even my dad said like "Not one of us would have ever been here if it wasn't for you." It was really cool. And I just felt like it was game time. This is game time to me. I was like, "All right, bro, like you got your one shot. This is your one opportunity to step the [ __ ] up."
>> 奎利亚尔议员安排了为期两天[音乐]与其他国会议员的会晤。
Original English >> Congressman Cuellar had arranged two days [music] of meetings with other members of Congress.
>> 那是整整一天的会面。排得满满当当的一天会面。
Original English >> And it was a full day of meetings. Full day of meetings.
>> 包括国土安全[音乐]与农业小组委员会的主席。
Original English >> Including the chairman [music] of the Homeland Security and Agriculture subcommittees.
>> 就像是密集的连环会面。
Original English >> Like crazy meetings.
>> 我们与人们交谈，我们展现出真实的自己。我们会对人们讲真话。我们会告诉你们我们需要什么。我们告诉所有人：“我们不是政客。我们来这里是为了寻求帮助。”
Original English >> We talk to people and we are who we are. We will tell people the truth. We'll tell you what we need. And we told everybody, "We're not politicians. We are here asking for help."
>> 你在那时觉得有希望吗……
Original English >> Did you at that point feel hopeful that
>> 是的，非常有希望。
Original English >> Yes, big time.
>> 确实。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 超级……嗯……充满爱国情怀。
Original English >> Super um patriotic.
>> 对董事会来说，这是一个有力的契机。
Original English >> To the board, it was a powerful opportunity.
>> 感觉就像：“噢，该死的，太好了。这就是美国。太棒了。”
Original English >> Like, "Oh, [ __ ] Okay. This is the US. Like awesome.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 只要你敢于发声，就能把事情办成。是的，这就是运转中的民主。我们是搞劳工的人。那绝对是个自豪的时刻。绝对让人起鸡皮疙瘩。是的。
Original English >> If you speak up, you can get things done. Yeah, this is democracy in action. We We're labor guys. Like proud moment for sure. Goosebumps for sure. Yeah.
>> 董事会提出了政策构想，
Original English >> The board threw out policy ideas
>> 我们一家家敲门，
Original English >> We're knocking on doors
>> 一边穿行在国会大厦的走廊上。
Original English >> while walking the halls of Congress.
>> 是的，我的意思是我们在到处提出这样的想法：嘿，不要把我们的老师傅（maestros）赶走。你们知道……
Original English >> Yeah, I mean we were throwing around the idea of hey, don't get rid of our maestros. You know
>> 要是你们不去打扰我们的老师傅呢？
Original English >> What if you leave our maestros alone?
>> 发挥他们的才能，以及我们作为社会多年来积累创造的财富。让我们用好他们，教授我们的孩子，然后比如，好，现在我们创办许多职业技术学校，这将造福于整个美国，而这一切都源自那些坚信美国梦的劳动者之手，因为在南德州，美国梦依然生机勃勃。难道这不是一个更好的构想吗？那对所有人都会是一件大好事。我们去哪里能找到有 25 年经验的框架工呢？你们却要把他们驱逐出境。
Original English >> Use their talents and the asset that we created over the years as as a society. Let's use them, teach our kids and like okay, now we start a bunch of trade schools that are going to benefit the rest of the United States and all came from labor hands that believed in the American dream because in South Texas, the American dream is alive and well. Wouldn't that have been a better idea? That would have been great for everybody. Where are we going to get a 25-year experienced framer? You ship them out.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 但随着 STBA 参加了一场又一场的会面，他们无法判断这些建议是否有任何一项获得了实质推进。
Original English >> But as the STBA went to meeting after meeting they couldn't tell if any of this was getting traction.
>> 为什么我们明明是世界上最好的国家，却无法帮助大家？为什么？但我们却能有埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）这样的亿万富翁往天上发射火箭。得了吧，老兄。
Original English >> Why is it that we're the best country in the world that we can't help people? Why? But we can have billionaires like Elon Musk shooting rockets to the sky. Come on, bro.
### 与 ICE 官员的直接交锋 >> 不过，至少在最起码的层面上，
Original English >> At the very least though,
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 他们可以获得有关自身权利的一些基本解答。正是在那时，他们与数名 ICE 官员见了面。
Original English >> they could get some basic answers about their rights. And that's when they met with several ICE officials.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 我们走进了与 ICE 的会面中，
Original English >> We get into the meeting with ICE
>> 在那次会面后致电了马里奥。
Original English >> called Mario after that meeting.
>> 我们在会上展开了激烈的言语交锋。嘿，你们……
Original English >> And we're going at it back and forth. Hey, you guys
>> 他说，他们向对方提出的首批问题之一就是：
Original English >> He said one of the first questions they asked them was
>> 嘿，你们正在闯入我们的工地上。
Original English >> Hey, you guys are coming into our job sites.
>> 我们的施工工地难道不是私有财产吗？
Original English >> Aren't our job sites private property?
>> 那位 ICE 官员说，嗯，美国政府不把任何财产视为私有财产，除非它被完全封闭起来。正如我们所言，执法人员不需要出示任何搜查令，因为没有任何东西阻止普通平民走进你们的工地。所以我们当时就觉得，好吧，好吧，好吧。我说，好的，长官。
Original English >> The ICE official says, well, the United States government doesn't consider any property to be private property unless it is fully enclosed. No law enforcement needs to show any warrant as we said because there's nothing that is stopping a civilian from walking your job site. So we were like, okay, okay, okay. I was like, okay, sir.
>> 嗯。
Original English >> Mhm.
>> 那么，如果我走到你居住的街区，站在你家的草坪上，我这算非法侵入吗？他回答说：“现在不是耍小聪明的时候。”
Original English >> So if I go to your neighborhood where you live and I stand on your grass, am I trespassing? He goes, "It's not time to be smart."
>> 到了 9 月份，即这次会面大约 7 个月后，阿拉巴马州的一家联邦法院实际上就此问题发表了裁决。它支持了建筑商的主张。法官裁定，对建筑工地的无证搜查事实上是非法的。STBA 董事会转入了另一个话题。为什么执法人员要逮捕持有有效文件的人？其中一位官员回答说：
Original English >> In September, about 7 months after this meeting, a federal court in Alabama actually weighed in on this. It agreed with the builders. The judge ruled that warrantless searches of construction sites were in fact illegal. The STBA board moved to another topic. Why are agents arresting people with valid paperwork? One of the officials answered,
>> “如果一个人的合法文件是在特朗普政府之前发放给他们的，
Original English >> "If a person with proper documentation that was given to them prior to the Trump administration,
>> 是的。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 本届政府不会将任何此类文件视为有效。不是拜登政府发放的，不是奥巴马政府发放的，不是布什政府发放的，也不是特朗普之前的任何人发放的。”我跟你讲，他就是这么对我们说的。我们当时就想：“你这是什么意思？”于是，我问那个人。我说：“那么，这届政府和那届政府之间有什么区别？它们应该是同一个政府。它……
Original English >> this administration is not going to consider any paperwork valid. Not that was given by Biden's administration, Obama's, or Bush's, or anyone's prior to Trump. I'm telling you, that's what he told us. And we were like, "What do you mean?" So, I asked the guy. I was like, "So, what's the difference between this government and that government? It should be the same government. It
应该换另一个人来管事，你知道吧，我猜是通过该死的电视在跟我们说话。”
Original English should just be a different person that's running, you know, I guess talking to us through a [ __ ] TV."
>> 在某个时刻，理事会对其中一名移民及海关执法局（ICE）官员说：“你们在山谷地区抓的人，他们很多人手里的这些文件依然有效，你们抓错人了。”
Original English >> At some point, the board told one of the ICE officials, "The people you're arresting in the valley, many of whom have this paperwork that's still valid, they're the wrong people."
>> 你们为什么不去抓拜登政府放进来的人？你们却去抓那些已经在这里呆了15年、20年的人。就是说，你们到底在干什么？你们为什么要恐吓勤勤恳恳工作的人？ 这是对社会的恐怖主义式袭击。 而他只是沉默不语。
Original English >> Why are you not going after the people that the Biden administration came out? You're going after people that have been here for 15 years, 20 years. Like, what what are you doing? Why is it that you're terrorizing hard-working people? It is a terroristic attack on society. And he just stayed quiet.
>> 呵。
Original English >> Huh.
>> 全都是谎言。 全都是谎言。 然后我对他说，我说：“听着，我一路飞到华盛顿特区——
Original English >> It's all a lie. It's all a lie. Then I told him, I was like, "Look, I flew all the way to DC
>> 嗯。
Original English >> Mhm.
>> ——好让你能听到一个没有任何政治背景的人的声音。我不是政客。 我是个商人。 我的重点是，我是作为一个特朗普选民来告诉你的，作为一个支持过特朗普的人，我三次都投给了他，我也因为这样做收到了死亡威胁。正因为我所做的事情，我告诉他： “提醒你们一句，你们他妈的要输了。你们他妈的把我们给骗了。你们这些人现在的所作所为，你们他妈的会输的，兄弟。 而且我可以向你保证，山谷地区绝不会再遭突击搜查了。” 房间里[音乐]死一般寂静。
Original English >> so that you can hear it from somebody that has has no political ties. I'm not a politician. I'm a businessman. My thing is, I came to tell you as a Trump voter, as somebody that supported Trump, and I voted for him all three times, and I've gotten death threats for doing that. Because of what I'm doing, I told him, "Just so you know, you're going to [ __ ] lose. You [ __ ] tricked us. What you guys are doing, you're going to [ __ ] lose, bro. And I can guarantee you the valley will never be raided again. There [music] was dead silence in the room.
>> 我们就这次会面核实了库埃利亚尔（Cuellar）众议员办公室以及当时在场的其他人，并证实了马里奥（Mario）的叙述以及所讨论的问题。 我也向移民及海关执法局询问了这次会面，以及马里奥关于官员对南得州建筑协会（STBA）所作回答的叙述，但从未收到回复。
Original English >> We checked with Congressman Cuellar's office about this meeting, as well as others who were there, and were able to confirm Mario's account and the issues discussed. I also asked ICE about the meeting and Mario's account of the answers the officials gave to the STBA, but never received a response.
>> 我们一从华盛顿特区回来，我的一位在移民及海关执法局工作的客户就真的给我发了短信，说： “嘿，能给你打个电话吗？”然后他说：“我不知道你到底在华盛顿搞了什么鬼，但我们刚接到严厉的命令，要求我们必须停止对工地的袭击。”
Original English >> Soon as we got back from Washington D.C., a client of mine works for ICE. He actually texts me and he goes, "Hey, can I call you?" And he's like, "I don't know what the hell you did in Washington, but we just got strict orders that we need to stop attacking job sites."
>> 哇。
Original English >> Wow.
>> 他就是这么对我说的。 说是我们应该停止恐吓工地。
Original English >> That's what he told me. That we should stop terrorizing job sites.
### 执法的缓和与反弹 >> 马里奥说突击搜查似乎确实慢了下来， 但平静并没持续多久。 几个月后的6月，国会通过了《安全美国法案》（Secure America Act），移民及海关执法局和边境巡逻队获得了额外700亿的资金，导致逮捕行动激增。 而在7月，单日就在山谷地区逮捕了200多人。 同样在那个月，一名移民及海关执法局特工在向北5处的休斯敦开枪打死了框架工人洛伦佐·萨尔加多·阿劳霍（Lorenzo Salgado Araujo）。
Original English >> Mario said the raids did seem to slow down, but the quiet didn't last long. A few months later in June, Congress passed the Secure America Act, and ICE and Border Patrol were given an additional 70 billion in funding, leading to a surge of arrests. And in July, more than 200 people were arrested in the valley in a single day. And that same month, an ICE agent shot and killed Lorenzo Salgado Araujo, a framer, 5 north in Houston.
>> 当他们在休斯敦杀死洛伦佐·萨尔加多时， 他们杀死了美国梦。 他没有带武器。他没有在躲避警察。他是在早上去上班，就像一个相信美国梦的人被教导的那样做。醒来，早起，做好你的工作，挣一份正经薪资，供养你的家人，供他们上学， 你知道吧， 美国梦，对吧？而呃，我们把那个人给打死了。 是啊。
Original English >> When they killed Lorenzo Salgado in Houston, they killed the American dream. He wasn't carrying. He wasn't running from the police. He was going to work in the morning like a person that believes in the American dream was taught to do. Wake up, get up early, do your job, earn an honest pay, feed your family, put them through school, you know, the American dream, right? And uh we shot that guy. Yeah.
>> 我能听出这位建筑商内心的挣扎。在一个随时能夺走你生活的国家里建立生活，到底意味着什么？
Original English >> I could hear Builder struggling. What does it mean to build a life in a country that can take it away in an instant?
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 框架工人A每天都在直面这个问题。
Original English >> A, the framer, was living that question daily.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 他也听说了那起命案。 但从某些方面来说，他对眼前所见并没有那么意外。 A知道，山谷地区一直存在着把人隔开的无形界线。 即便在移民及海关执法局到来之前，人们并不怎么谈论它。 A直到13岁左右[音乐]才意识到自己没有合法身份，当时一个朋友邀请他去邻县钓鱼。
Original English >> He heard about the killing, too. But in some ways, he was less surprised by what he was seeing. A knew there had always been these invisible lines separating people in the valley. Even if people didn't talk about it much before ICE arrived. A had no idea he was undocumented until he was around 13 [music] and a friend invited him on a fishing trip the next county over.
>> 当[音乐]我朋友的妈妈来接我们时， 她问我有没有身份证件。 我就问：“怎么了？” 她说：“因为[音乐]有个检查站，以防他们拦我们。”
Original English >> And when [music] my friend's mom went to pick us up, she asked me if I had an ID. And I'm like, "Why?" She like, "Cuz there's [music] a checkpoint just in case they stop us."
>> 边境巡逻队在里奥格兰德山谷的公路沿线设有检查站。
Original English >> Border Patrol operates checkpoints along highways in the Rio Grande Valley.
>> 然后[音乐]我就说：“啊？我肯定有啊。”所以我去问我妈妈，她说：“哦，不，那你就不能去了。”我就问：“为什么？”她[音乐]说：“因为你不是在这儿出生的。你是在墨西哥出生的。” 我当时就愣了：“什么？”她说：“对，我是说， 我之前没告诉你是因为[音乐]呃你不会懂，但你确实不是在这儿出生的。 所以你不能去过[音乐]检查站。”所以那就是我发现自己是在那里出生的时候。
Original English >> And [music] I was like, "What? I'm sure I have one." So I asked my mom and she said, "Oh, no, then you can't go." I'm like, "Why?" She [music] like, "Cuz you were not born here. You were born in Mexico." And I was like, "What?" And she like, "Yeah, I mean, I hadn't told you because [music] uh you wouldn't understand, but you were not born here. So you can't be crossing [music] a checkpoint." So that's the moment I I found out I was a I was born over there.
>> 那你当时是怎么想的？就像，你是怎么接受[哧笑]这件事的？
Original English >> And what did you think? Like, what did you How did you process [snorts] that?
>> 我是说，这就像是当头一棒，对吧？但 我的意思是，到头来，我们什么也改变不了。
Original English >> I mean, it was like a hard hit to take, right? But I mean, eventually, we can't change anything.
>> A必须设法在为他设定的界限之内谋划未来。 当他成为一名框架工人时，他发现其他人也是如此。他告诉我，至少在刚开始的时候，跟他一起干活的人都没有身份。
Original English >> A had to figure out a future that fit within the boundaries set for him. And when he became a framer, he found others doing the same. He told me that at least in the beginning, no one he worked with had papers.
>> 从来没有。没有。没有。有身份的人通常不干这种活。他们不干。
Original English >> Never. No. No. People with papers don't usually do this type of work. They don't.
>> 但几年前被拖欠工钱时，他才真正体会到了自己的合法身份问题。 你觉得那次被拖欠工钱损失了多少钱？
Original English >> But he really felt his legal status when a couple of years ago he wasn't paid. And how much money do you think you lost on that paid?
>> 嗯，大概8000块左右。
Original English >> Um 8 grand more or less.
>> 光是你一个人，还是你们整组人？
Original English >> Just to you or your whole crew?
>> 不，就我自己。
Original English >> No, just to me.
>> 我听过很多[清嗓子]像Ace这样无证劳工拿不到工钱的故事，也有劳工报复的故事，比如闯入他们盖的房子里去割石膏板或在墙上喷漆。 但Ace说他什么都没做。
Original English >> I've heard a lot of [clears throat] stories like Ace's of undocumented workers not being paid and stories where the workers take revenge like break into a house they built and cut the sheetrock or spray paint the walls. But Ace said he didn't do anything like that.
>> 怎么说呢，我是指 我们被绑住手脚了，你懂我的意思吧？ 如果我们去跟他们争执或起冲突， 到头来最终吃亏的还是我们。 为什么我们直接就那么算了呢，因为呃 我们总有得有失。他们迟早会有报应的。 我们就把它交到上帝手中，他会处理的。
Original English >> What I mean we're tied up, you get me? If we start an argument or conflict with them we'll lose eventually at the end of the day. Why we just leave left them like that cuz uh we win some, we lose some. Eventually they'll get their karma. We'll just leave it to God's hands and he'll take care of it.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
### 被拘留的经历 >> Ace被拘留时，他经常祈祷。
Original English >> When Ace was in detention, he prayed a lot.
>> 你饿着肚子去睡觉，胃里因为饥饿而火烧火燎。第一周、两周，你就会瘦掉15到20磅。我是说，这真是让人难以置信。
Original English >> You go to bed starving, your stomach burns because you're hungry. First week, 2 weeks, you lose 15-20 lb. I mean it's it's incredible.
>> 他们平时给你们吃什么？
Original English >> What was the food that they were feeding you?
>> 有时候他们就只给我们两块鸡肉， 一点点米饭， 然后只有水。 就这些。我猜仅仅是让你不至于死掉。
Original English >> Sometimes they would just give us two chickens and a little bit of rice and just water. That's it. Just so you don't die, I'm guessing.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 就只是保住你的命。
Original English >> It's just to keep you alive.
>> 他告诉我，他的孩子们看到他在那里感到很困惑。
Original English >> He told me his kids were confused to see him there.
>> 我——我儿子——
Original English >> My my son
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 是我唯一的男孩，他开始变得很有攻击性。 当他来看我时，他就会一直抱着我，不肯让我把他放下来。
Original English >> is my only boy, he started becoming really aggressive. When he would come see me, he would just hug me and he wouldn't he wouldn't want me to put him down.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> [music]
>> 他就会一直抱着我，一边哭一边抱着我，当看守警官说：“嘿，时间到了。该离开了。” 他就会哭起来，他会开始——我是说——往我身上靠，拉着我，不肯离开。 但是在那种地方，呃， 这——这—— 这是一种无助感。 太屈辱了，那个地方我——我连我最痛恨的敌人都绝不希望他进去。
Original English >> He would just be hugging me and he would be crying and hugging me and when the officers would be like, "Hey, your time's up. It's time to leave." He would start crying, he would start I mean, pushing himself towards me, pulling me that he didn't want to leave. But I mean, being in there and uh it's it's it's a feeling of helplessness. It's humiliating, it's some place I I wouldn't wish my worst enemy to be in.
>> 许多周之后，他获准了移民保释。 他说是一位朋友借钱给他付了保释金。
Original English >> Many weeks later, he was granted immigration bond. He said a friend loaned him the money to pay for it.
>> 我的孩子们哭了，我抱住了他们。 我也抱了我的妻子。 那真是一种美好的感觉。我知道我又自由了。
Original English >> My kids are crying, I hugged them. I hugged my wife, too. It was really nice feeling. I knew I was free again.
>> 而就在第二天，他又回到了工地上。
Original English >> And the very next day, he was back on the job site.
>> 就在第二天，因为呃 我拖欠了房租。我拖欠了呃皮卡的还款。我拖欠了电费、水费、话费。 我什么都逾期未付了。每一样东西都逾期了，是的。所以，我必须得去干活。
Original English >> The very very next day because uh I was uh late on the rent. I was late on my uh truck payments. I was late on the light, the water, the phone bills. I was late on everything. Every single thing, yes. So, I had to get to work.
>> 自从他出来之后，他就成了抢手人选。 伴随着用工荒，他说自己每天能接10到12份图纸。 而且和山谷地区的大多数人一样，他也在招工。
Original English >> Since he's been out, he's high in demand. With the worker shortage, he says he gets 10 to 12 blueprints a day. And like much of the valley, he's also looking for workers.
>> 我正在试图招人。
Original English >> I'm trying to recruit people.
>> 拥有合法身份或公民身份的工人。
Original English >> Workers who are legal or citizens.
>> 直接对他们挑明说：“嘿，不是故意冒犯，但你有社会安全号吗？”
Original English >> Tell them straight up like, "Hey, not being mean, but do you have a social security?"
>> 还是这样？
Original English >> Still?
>> 我们碰到过几辆皮卡开过去，而且——
Original English >> We've had couple trucks pass by and
>> 他觉得已经看到几辆移民及海关执法局的车辆开过去了。
Original English >> He thinks he's already seen a few ICE vehicles drive by.
>> 我当时在屋顶上。所以， 我一看到他们过来， 就觉得害怕。是的，我—— 我脑子里闪过很多念头， 比如：“要是他们叫我下来怎么办？要是呃 他们又逮捕我怎么办？要是呃 他们实际上不把我送去伊莎贝尔港（Port Isabel），而是直接把我带到入境口岸，直接把我踢出国怎么办？ 我是说，你脑子里会闪过很多想法。”所以， 但胡利奥（Julio），他是这一切的业主， 所以他把他们赶走了，并且把入口锁上了。 所以，有了围栏我们觉得稍微安全了一些。 那真挺——挺吓人的。是的。
Original English >> I was on the roof. So, as soon as I saw them come, I felt scared. Yes, I A lot of things went through my mind like, "What if they start asking me to get off? What if uh they arrest me again? What if uh they don't actually take me to Port Isabel and they take me directly to the port of entry and they just kick me out? I mean, a lot of things go through your head." So, but Julio, he's the owner of all this, so he kicked them out and he locked the entrances. So, we feel a little bit more safe with the fence. That was pretty pretty scary. Yes.
>> 他不太理解为什么在特朗普上任后发生的事情会让这么多建筑商猝不及防。
Original English >> And he doesn't really get why so many builders were caught off guard by what's happened since Trump took office.
>> 因为我的意思是， 他确实说过他会这么做。他确实说过的。 而让我有些困扰的是
Original English >> Because I mean, he did say he was going to do this. He did say it. And what bothered me a
很多，这里山谷里的大多数承包商都投了特朗普。他们中的大多数人。胡利奥（Julio）就是其中之一。
Original English lot, the majority of contractors here in the valley voted for Trump. The majority of them. Julio being one of them.
>> 对此你感到愤怒，还是觉得……
Original English >> Do you feel like angry about that or like
>> 我并不觉得愤怒。我只是觉得……呃，有些被背叛了。因为如果没有打地基的人，如果没有做木结构构架的人，如果没有盖房子的人，他们就不会有今天的地位。他们拥有现在的财富，是因为移民，是因为像我们这样为他们搭建房屋架构、靠廉价劳动力做苦力的人。我的意思是，他们是在顾自己的腰包。所以，我猜他们原以为经济会变好，他们会赚更多钱，诸如此类的，但我想这反噬了他们自己。现在他们跑去华盛顿交谈，做这做那，表面上说是为人民发声。我猜他们根本不在乎人民。他们只在乎自己的腰包。事情就是这样。
Original English >> I don't feel angry. I just feel uh somewhat betrayed because if it wasn't for the foundation guys, if it wasn't for the framers, if it wasn't for the guys that do the houses, they wouldn't be who they are. They're in that wealth they have because of the immigrants, because of people like us that frame their homes that do the hard job with uh cheap labor. I mean, they're they're they're taking care of their pockets. So, I'm guessing they thought they were the economy was going to be better and they were going to make more money and this and that, but I mean it backfired on them. And now they're going to Washington to talk and to do this and to do that, to speak up supposedly for the people. I'm guessing they don't even care about the people. They just care about their pockets. That's what it is.
>> 你真的那样觉得？
Original English >> You really feel that way?
>> 是的。
Original English >> Yes.
>> A拿他目前的工作为例，说明突击搜查是如何影响房屋建筑商的。
Original English >> A used his current job as an example of how the raids have affected builders.
>> 仅仅是为这栋房子搭建结构框架，让我给你一个确切的数额。
Original English >> Just to frame this house, let me give you an exact amount.
>> 他拿出手机，做了一番速算。我们所站立的这栋房子面积为2900平方英尺。通常情况下，A每平方英尺收费4.50美元来搭建框架。这项工作的总费用是13050美元。
Original English >> He pulls out his phone and does some quick math. The home we were standing in was 2,900 square feet. Normally, A would charge $4.50 per square foot to frame it. That's $13,050 for the job.
>> 但现在没有竞争，而且他急需尽快把这个框架搭好，我就跟他说：“嘿，我不会收你4.50美元。我要收你5.80美元。”
Original English >> But right now that there's no competition and he needed this frame ASAP and I told him, "Hey, I'm not going to charge you $4.50. I'm going to charge you $5.80."
>> 现在，他要多收将近4000美元。对A来说，这不是个人恩怨。这纯粹是供求关系。
Original English >> Now, he's charging nearly 4,000 more. For A, it's not personal. It's just supply and demand.
>> 我的意思是，那就是……那就是你投票选的人。我的意思是，你手头没有更多的结构工了。我是仅存的少数几个结构工之一，如果你想让我做，这就是我的报价；要是不行，你可以继续找别的结构工。
Original English >> I mean, that's that's who you voted for. And I mean, you don't have any more framers. I'm one of the few framers that are left and if you want me to do it, that's my price and if not you could keep looking for framers.
>> 你跟他说过那个吗？“那是你选出来的人”？
Original English >> Did you tell him that? That's what you voted for?
>> 说过。是的。因为他说他要去对付移民。他说他要去针对罪犯。而在他眼里，我们全都是罪犯。所以，你明知道他会那么做。每次我对别的承包商说同样的话，他们都默不作声，因为他们知道自己搞砸了。
Original English >> Yes. Yes. Cuz he said he was going to fraud the immigrants. He said he was going to go fraud the criminals. And for him, we're all criminals. So, you knew he was going to do that. And whenever I tell another contractor the same thing, they stay quiet cuz they know they messed up.
>> 所以你就有点……你就有点对建筑商协会的那类人嗤之以鼻。
Original English >> So, you just you just kind of roll your eyes at the kind of builders association guy.
>> 和他们一起。
Original English >> with them.
>> 你不站在他们那边。
Original English >> You're not with them.
>> 我不站在他们那边，因为……因为他们，我的很多好朋友，做结构的那些人，全都被驱逐出境了。我是说，他们驱逐了我的很多……很多亲近的朋友。我对此……对此有点……呃，很生气。我真的很生气。
Original English >> I'm not with them because because of them a lot of good friends of mine, framers and all that got deported. I mean, they deported a lot of my my close friends. And I'm I'm kind of uh upset with it. I really am.
>> 但他也希望这一切很快就会结束。
Original English >> But he also hoped it would all be over soon.
>> 接下来这一周我要进行最终法庭审理。
Original English >> And this coming week I have my final court.
>> 他的终审法庭开庭日即将到来，届时法官［嗤笑］将裁定他是否必须离开这个国家。对于自己的案子，他感到乐观。所以，你很快就会知道……
Original English >> His final court day was coming up, where a judge [snorts] would determine if he had to leave the country. And he was feeling optimistic about his case. So, you'll know
>> 是的。而且按照上帝的意愿，我们会赢得这个案子。顺应上帝的意愿。我律师说了，那是十拿九稳的事。
Original English >> Yes. And with God's will, we're going to win the case. With God's will. So, my lawyer said that that's a home run.
>> 好的。
Original English >> Okay.
>> 你能拿到的。
Original English >> You're going to get it.
>> 好的。
Original English >> Okay.
>> 但是……
Original English >> But
>> 你有一点紧张吗？
Original English >> Are you nervous at all?
>> 我很紧张，是的。我很紧张，但我相信上帝。如果他把我放在这个国家，那一定是有原因的，绝不仅仅是为了在24、25年后再被驱逐出境。我知道一切都会好起来的。
Original English >> I'm nervous, yes. I'm nervous, but I'm trusting in God. If he put me in this country, it's because of something, not just to get deported 24, 25 years later. I know everything's going to be all right.
>> Ace的梦想很远大。
Original English >> Ace's dreams are big.
>> 我想在人生中有所成就。我也想成为一名……一名开发商。我想成为一名……一名建筑商。如果没有他们向我发放……呃，社安号，这些我一件都做不了，因为信用、贷款、银行贷款，所有事情你都需要社安号。所以我在努力尽快把这事办妥拿到我的社安号，然后开始建这些房子。
Original English >> I want to be someone in life. I want to be a a developer as well. I want to be a a builder. And I can't do anything of that without them granting to me my uh social security, cuz for credit, for loans, for bank loans, for everything, you need a social. So, I'm trying to get it over with to get my social ASAP and start doing these homes.
>> 这件事拖住你了吗？
Original English >> Does this hold you back?
>> 是的，这非常拖累我。
Original English >> Yes, it's holding me back a lot.
>> ［音乐］
Original English >> [music]
>> 而且从小时候起，我就……我就一直想以盖房子为生。建好它们然后卖掉。就像胡利奥做的那样。那是我从小时候……从小时候起就一直想做的事。所以我对此充满期待。［音乐］
Original English >> And since I was small, I've I've always wanted to build homes for a living. Build them and sell them. Just like what Julio does. That's what I've been wanting to do since ever I was since I was small. So, I'm looking forward to that. [music]
>> 曾有一位建筑商告诉我，山谷里到处都是榜样。而他们的姓氏［音乐］并不是史密斯（Smith）或约翰逊（Johnson）。他们的姓氏是加西亚（Garcia）、坎图（Cantu）或卡兰萨（Carranza）。就像胡利奥一样。我问了胡利奥关于Ace说的那番话。他说情况很复杂。
Original English >> A builder once told me that the Valley has role models everywhere. And their last names [music] aren't Smith or Johnson. Their last names are Garcia or Cantu or Carranza. Like Julio. I asked Julio about what Ace said. He said it was complicated.
>> ［音乐］
Original English >> [music]
>> 是的，他在乎工人们，但Ace说得没错。
Original English >> Yes, he cared for the workers, but Ace was right.
>> 要是这没影响到我的钱包，我……我真的不会拿这当成什么问题的，你知道的。
Original English >> If it wasn't affecting my wallet, I I really wouldn't make any issue about it, you know.
>> 如果这在经济上没有影响到他，他是不会去管这些事的。
Original English >> He wouldn't be doing any of this if it didn't affect him financially.
>> ［音乐］
Original English >> [music]
>> 但如果……这并不纯粹只是关乎我的生计。是的，那确实跟它有关系。两者都有。
Original English >> But if it's not strictly just about my livelihood. Yes, that has something to do with it. It's both.
>> 是的。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 你懂的。
Original English >> You know.
>> 我询问了［音乐］南得克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）董事会成员罗尼·卡瓦佐斯（Ronnie Cavazos），关于A做出的评价——即如果没有像他这样的移民劳工，没有哪个建筑商能有今天的成就。
Original English >> I asked [music] STBA board member Ronnie Cavazos about A's assessment that none of the builders would be who they are without immigrant laborers like him.
>> 呃，我不知道他为什么觉得我们不感激这一点。我……我是说，我……我了解我自己，我也清楚自己的内心，而且我一直在用的话语，都是明确用来为我们的移民发声的。
Original English >> Um, I don't know why he thinks we don't appreciate that. I I mean I I know me and I know my heart and the words that I've been using are specifically to to stand up for our immigrants.
>> ［音乐］
Original English >> [music]
>> 作为一名木结构工人的儿子，他说如果没有像A这样的工人，没有人能有今天的地位。
Original English >> A son of a framer himself, he said no one would be who they are without workers like A.
>> 我想对这位结构工说的是，［音乐］你知道，作为南得克萨斯建筑商协会的主席，我认为你是一位巨人。是的。
Original English >> What I would tell this framer is that, [music] you know, from the chairman of STBA, I consider you a giant. Yeah.
>> 南得克萨斯建筑商协会的许多建筑商都向我透露［音乐］，他们打算在本周的中期选举中改变自己的投票选择。
Original English >> Many builders at the STBA have signaled to me [music] that they're going to change their vote in the midterm elections this week.
>> 是的。这改变了我这次要采取的投票方式。我投票时要戴上我的移民帽子和……呃，金钱帽子，对吧？
Original English >> Yes. It's changed the way I'm going to vote this time around. I'm going to vote with my immigration hat on and uh money hat on, right?
### 行业自救与创办学校 >> 但他们也在通过其他方式采取行动。
Original English >> But they're taking action in other ways, too.
>> 我已经竭尽所能去寻找和寻求帮助了，结果，我就觉得：“好吧，我得自己动手。我要把事情揽到自己手里，我要想办法……我必须开办一所学校，这样我们才能保住南得克萨斯的劳动力队伍。”
Original English >> I've done everything that I could to look for and search for help and in result, I just was like, "All right, I got to do this myself. I'm going to take matters into my own hands and I'm going to figure out how I I have to start a school so that we can save our workforce in South Texas."
>> 南得克萨斯建筑商协会正在创办一所学校，向美国人教授受突击搜查影响最严重的工种。课程将按季度开展，以便让劳工尽快进入劳动力市场。董事会希望课程能在本月开始。
Original English >> The STBA is starting a school to teach Americans the trades most affected by the raids. Classes will be quarterly to get workers out into the workforce as soon as possible. And they'll begin, the board hopes, this month.
>> 而且我知道有些人的反应就像是：“伙计，这也太快了。”我就说：“兄弟，我们没有时间了。就像，我们需要开始向劳动力队伍输送劳工了。
Original English >> And I know it's like some people are like, "Dude, that's super fast." And I'm like, "Bro, we don't have time. Like, we need to start putting labor out into the workforce.
>> ［笑声］
Original English >> [laughter]
>> 我们没有时间了，兄弟。”
Original English >> We don't have time, bro."
>> 按照计划第一期招收28名学员，马里奥（Mario）清楚这是杯水车薪。但至少聊胜于无。
Original English >> With the plan starting class of 28 students, Mario knows it's a drop in the bucket. But at least it's something.
>> 所以我们只是想开创一条途径，让人们知道，嘿，没错，这些工种很辛苦；而且没错，顶着大太阳给房子搭架构并不容易。在昏暗的卫生间里铺，你知道的，淋浴间瓷砖，这不容易。确实不容易。也没人说过这会容易。但你知道吗？你不会背上债务。如果你决定退学，宝贝，你也不会背上债务。你懂我的意思吗？你不会欠债。而且你将成为自己的老板。我们将培养出一些最优秀的木结构工人、一些最优秀的混凝土工人、一些最优秀的木工。他们将从我们的学校走出来。你们会看到的。
Original English >> So, we're just trying to create a pathway so that people know that, hey, yes, these trades are hard and yes, it's not easy to be out in the sun framing houses. It's not easy to be in a dark restroom laying, you know, shower tile. It's not easy. And nobody said it would be. But, you know what? You won't be in debt. You won't be in debt if you decide to drop out, baby. You know what I mean? You won't be in debt. And you'll be your own boss. We are going to create some of the best framers, some of the best concrete workers, some of the best carpenters. They're going to come out of our school. You're going to see that.
>> 怎么了，伊斯雷尔（Israel）？
Original English >> What's up, Israel?
>> 在过去的几周里，他们一直在布置教室。
Original English >> In the past couple of weeks, they've been setting up the classroom.
>> 伙计们帮我多找了几件工具。但是，呃……
Original English >> Boys got me a couple of extra tools. But, uh
>> 为学员整理工具，并将工坊工作台拖进来。
Original English >> Organizing tools for students and dragging the shop tables in.
>> 我看那个放不进那里。
Original English >> I don't think we're going to fit that one in there.
>> 嗯，
Original English >> Well,
>> 也许这个直着放能塞进去。
Original English >> Maybe this one will fit straight in.
>> 即使马里奥知道这不足以解决问题，他也宁愿做点事情，而不是像华盛顿那样：对山谷里的现实视而不见，并在没有任何［音乐］尝试去替代的情况下摧毁实行了数十年的移民劳工体制。
Original English >> Even if Mario knows it's not going to be enough, he'd rather do something than do what Washington's done, ignore the realities in the valley, and destroy a decades-old system of immigrant labor without any [music] attempt to replace it.
>> 它总会留在这里的。我们就是墨西哥。唯一的区别就是墨西哥和美国那条假想的国界线之间［音乐］隔着一条细小的河流。而我们政府里的人一直未能制定规则，建立让人们进入这个国家的正当途径。如果说我们是美利坚合众国，一个让人们能够从无到有、闯出名堂的地方，那我们就应该尊重这一点，我们应该去捍卫它，并给予他们工作的机会。
Original English >> It's always going to be here. We are Mexico. The only difference is is that there's a small, tiny river between [music] the imaginary line of Mexico and the United States. And we have people in our government that have not been able to set rules to establish a proper way of people coming into this country. And if we are the United States of America, where we give people the opportunity to be something out of nothing, we should honor that and we should protect it and give them the opportunity to work.
>> ［音乐］
Original English >> [music]
>> 所以，如今的马里奥和我第一次打电话给他那天一样忙碌，甚至更忙了。他在山谷里四处奔走，
Original English >> So, these days, Mario is just as busy as the day I first called him, if not more so. He runs around the valley
>> 嗯，我马上要建这个了。
Original English >> Well, I'm about to build this one.
>> 管理新项目，
Original English >> managing new projects,
>> 瞧这个（Mira, esta）。噢，那件工具是……
Original English >> Mira, esta. Oh, that tool is a
家里。
Original English casa.
>> 参加建筑商的活动，
Original English >> attending builders' functions,
>> 行啊，兄弟。咱们来安排一次超棒的工作午餐。
Original English >> it, bro. Let's set up a badass power lunch.
>> 在政治集会上，
Original English >> at political rallies,
>> 喂。
Original English >> Hello.
>> 嘿，塔拉里科会在那儿还是怎么着？
Original English >> Hey, Talarico will be there or what?
>> 在的。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 你现在就过去吗？
Original English >> Are you going right now?
>> 对。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 那我们在那儿见。拜。
Original English >> I'll see you there. Bye.
>> 选民登记集会。
Original English >> Voter registration gathering.
>> 你们的一票至关重要。
Original English >> and your vote matters.
>> 握手、拍照。
Original English >> Shaking hands, taking photos.
>> 哥们儿，最近怎么样？
Original English >> Dude, how you doing?
>> 我挺好的。
Original English >> I've been doing good.
>> 见到你真好。
Original English >> Good to see you.
>> 我想找你说两句，因为我不知道——
Original English >> I wanted to catch you because I don't know
>> 你在这儿买什么呢？
Original English >> What are you getting here?
>> 你想去吗？
Original English >> You want to go?
>> 想啊。
Original English >> Yeah.
>> 走吧。
Original English >> Come on.
>> 而且总能找时间顺道拐进他最喜欢的墨西哥超市。 去买黄瓜和玉米饼。 去他母亲家吃午饭。
Original English >> And somehow finds time to swing into his favorite Mexican market. To pick up cucumbers and tortillas. Have lunch at his mom's.
>> 咱们走。走吧。
Original English >> Let's go. Let's go.
>> 他正在将南得克萨斯建筑商协会（STBA）扩展到全州范围。
Original English >> He's expanding the STBA statewide.
>> 我们创造就业。我们为年轻家庭盖房子。
Original English >> We create jobs. We build homes for young families.
>> 入夏后他又组织了一场建筑商集会，公开向政客喊话。
Original English >> He held another rally of builders over the summer calling out politicians.
>> 我们的民选官员都在哪儿？
Original English >> Where are our elected officials?
>> 看着他，胡利奥关于唤醒猛虎的预感似乎成了真。
Original English >> And watching him, it seemed Julio's premonition about waking a tiger had come true.
>> 作为一个社区开始做出更好的抉择。
Original English >> to start making better choices as a community.
>> 马里奥正考虑有朝一日竞选公职。
Original English >> Mario's thinking of running for political office one day.
>> 噢。
Original English >> Oh.
>> 嘿，你能告诉我发生什么了吗？
Original English >> Hey, can you tell me what happened?
>> 我是说，我被拒了。呃，实际上成了我和法官之间的对抗。公诉方一句话都没说。他……他甚至站出来替我辩护。所以，他就是……我不知道。那个法官，他……他说我们……我就是会被递解出境。
Original English >> I mean, I got I got denied. Uh It was me against the judge. Technically. The prosecutor, they didn't say a word. He He even spoke up to defend me. So, he just I don't know. The judge, he he He said we I was just going to get deported.
>> 这桩本被认为十拿九稳、A坚信自己能拿到绿卡的案子，结果却并未如愿。 他的妻子当时正在法庭外等候，急切地想听到消息。
Original English >> The case that was supposed to be a home run where A was sure he would get his green card didn't go his way. His wife was waiting outside the courtroom eager to hear the news.
>> 她微笑着。她说：“我们……我们赢了吗？”我告诉她：“没有。”跟着她立刻就哭了起来。她质问我的律师：“为什么？”呃，他们……他们甚至都不知道该说什么，因为所有的材料都在那儿。
Original English >> She was smiling. She said, "We Did Did we win?" And I told her, "No." And automatically, she started crying. She questioned the my lawyer, "Why?" Uh and they they didn't even know what to say cuz everything was there.
>> A说他们正在就案子提起上诉，但这可能需要耗费数年。
Original English >> A says they're appealing his case, but that could take years.
>> 问题在于，人们一旦上诉，他们就会把人关起来。
Original English >> The thing is, when people appeal, they lock them up.
>> 而在此期间，如果A再次被移民与海关执法局（ICE）逮捕，他担心自己会被递解出境。
Original English >> And in the meantime if A is arrested again by ICE he fears he will be deported.
>> 那是有可能的，所以我要……我要尽量不被关进去，对吧？所以，嗯，我很害怕，呃……我……我觉得……呃，我觉得很担忧。我不知道。这是……我们是好人。我们做事合情合理。我们给州警盖过房子。我们给……给政府的好多人都盖过房子。而且，我是说，我觉得这样不对。我不知道他们是怎么看的，但就我个人而言，我觉得这不是……这不是公平的对待。
Original English >> That's a possibility, so I'm a I'm going to try not get locked up, right? So, well, I'm scared uh I I feel uh I feel worried. I don't know. It's We're good people. We're doing things the right way. We've built houses for state troopers. We've built houses for for a lot of people of the government. And I mean, I don't think that's right. I don't know how they see it, but me personally, I don't think that's that's a fair treatment.
>> 因此，A能感觉到他周围的世界变得愈发狭小。 最近，他的大女儿一直闹着要去圣安东尼奥动物园。 那里有3个小时的车程。
Original English >> So, A can feel the world around him getting even smaller. His oldest daughter has been asking to go to the San Antonio Zoo lately. It's a 3-hour drive away.
>> 开车进去，你可以摸[音乐]动物，它们会走到你身边，你来喂它们。她一直想去。她每个……每个周末都跟我说。[音乐]
Original English >> You drive in and you could touch [music] the animals and they walk up to you and you feed them. And she's been wanting to. She's She tells me every every weekend. [music]
>> 但他不能带她去。 那地方过了检查站。
Original English >> But he can't take her. It's past the checkpoint.
>> 我跟她解释过。我告诉她我不是本地人，她问：“为什么？”我跟她说：“就因为我不是这里的人，宝贝。我来自墨西哥，严格来说，我是在犯法。”我对她说：“宝贝，[音乐]那是因为如果我去了，而且他们决定要抓我的话，他们就会抓。他们会[音乐]把我关起来，我就得有好几个月见不到你了。而且这次时间会更长，甚至可能是一年，宝贝。”“好的，爸爸。不，[音乐]那我再也不想去了。我只想让你留在这儿陪着我。我没事的。”
Original English >> I explained to her. I told her that I'm not from here and she said, "Why?" And I told her, "I'm just cuz I'm not from here, baby. I'm from Mexico and technically, I'm breaking the law." And I tell her, "Baby, [music] it's cuz if I go and they decide they want to arrest me, they will. And they'll [music] lock me up and I won't see you again for a couple months. And this time it's going to be longer, maybe even a year, baby." Okay, papi. No, [music] then I don't want to go anymore then. I just want to have you here with me. And I'm okay.
>> 于是，他继续每天去工地干活。[音乐] 而且他清楚，如果移民与海关执法局（ICE）再来，为了坚守对他女儿的[音乐]诺言，为了确保能留在家人身边，这一回，[音乐]他肯定会逃跑。
Original English >> Instead, he keeps going [music] to work every day at a job site. And he knows if ICE comes again, to keep his [music] promise to his daughter, to make sure he can be there for his family, this time [music] for certain, he will run.
>> [音乐] [音乐] [音乐]
Original English >> [music] [music] [music]
### 民调与选情动向 >> 《泰晤士报》于周末完成的最新民调显示，得克萨斯州的拉美裔选民
Original English >> The latest polling from the Times, which concluded over the weekend, shows that the Latino vote in Texas
>> [音乐]
Original English >> >> [music]
>> 准备在周二迎来历史性的大幅度转变。 在2024年总统大选中，得克萨斯州的拉美裔选民将选票平分给了特朗普总统和卡玛拉·哈里斯。 民调发现，仅仅两年之后，拉美裔选民倾向于该州民主党参议员候选人詹姆斯·塔拉里科，领先其共和党对手肯·帕克斯顿[音乐]近40个百分点。
Original English >> is poised for a historically large shift on Tuesday. In the 2024 presidential election, Latino voters in Texas split their votes evenly between President Trump and Kamala Harris. Just 2 years later, the polling found, Latino voters favor the state's Democratic candidate for Senate, James Talarico, over his Republican rival, Ken Paxton, [music] by nearly 40 points.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> >> [music]
>> 广告之后，马上回来。 以下是今日其他
Original English >> We'll be right back. Here's what else you need
>> [音乐]
Original English >> >> [music]
>> 要闻。
Original English >> to Nerdy Day.
>> 我今天宣布支持迈克·罗杰斯竞选联邦参议员。我不属于阿卜杜勒的竞选阵营。
Original English >> I am endorsing Mike Rogers for the United States Senate today. I don't belong in Abdul's campaign.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> >> [music]
>> 在最后关头一场令人震惊的冷落中，在密歇根州联邦参议员民主党初选中输给阿卜杜勒·赛义德的联邦众议员海莉·史蒂文斯，在周日转而背书[音乐]赛义德的共和党对手。 在她宣布支持迈克·罗杰斯之前，史蒂文斯和赛义德之间因在以色列问题上的不同主张[音乐]而导致紧张关系加剧了数日。 民主党领导人对此项背书[音乐]表示愤怒。 参议院民主党领袖查克·舒默称其为“卑鄙的背叛”。
Original English >> In a stunning last-minute snub, Congresswoman Haley Stevens, who lost the Democratic primary race for US Senate in Michigan to Abdul El-Sayed, endorsed [music] El-Sayed's Republican opponent on Sunday. Her endorsement of Mike Rogers followed days of growing tension between Stevens and El-Sayed [music] over their differing approaches to Israel. Democratic leaders reacted [music] to the endorsement with fury. Democratic Senate leader Chuck Schumer called it, quote, "a despicable betrayal."
>> 不，我只想告诉你们，是的、是的、是的，听着、听着、听着。
Original English >> >> No, I'm just going to tell you guys yes, yes, yes, listen, listen, listen.
>> 她的决定有通知你们当中的哪一位吗？[音乐]
Original English >> >> Did you notify either one of you of her decision? [music]
>> 听着、听着、听着、听着。
Original English >> >> Listen, listen, listen, listen.
>> 是还是不是？是还是不是？是还是不是？
Original English >> >> Yes or no? Yes or no? Yes or no?
>> 这些都无关紧要。
Original English >> >> None of this matters.
>> 是还是不是？是还是不是？
Original English >> >> Yes or no? Yes or no?
>> 但对赛义德来说，[音乐]他在竞选集会的一处落脚点上对此项背书一笑置之。
Original English >> >> But for his part, [music] El Sayed shrugged off the endorsement at a campaign stop.
>> 所以，我有一种感觉，大家今天聚在这里，是因为一个现在不在这里的人[音乐]所做的决定。 我说得对不对？ 但我只想告诉你们，这个州有1,000万人，他们理应得到政府更好的对待。 我更多关注的是那9,999,998个人，而不是你们各位正在讨论的那些人。 好吗？
Original English >> >> So, I have a a sense that you all are here today because of the decisions of somebody [music] who's not here right now. Am I right about that? But I'm just going to tell you, this is a state of 10 million people who deserve a lot better from the government. I'm a lot more focused on the 9 million 999,998 that are not the ones you guys are talking about. Okay?
>> [音乐]
Original English >> >> [music]
>> 本期节目由林赛·加里森制作，
Original English >> >> Today's episode was produced by Lindsey Garrison
>> [音乐]
Original English >> >> [music]
>> 卡洛斯·普列托协助制作。 由迈克尔·伯努瓦编辑，佩奇·科威特和帕特里夏·威伦斯协助编辑。 苏珊·李和安德烈娅·[音乐]洛佩斯·克鲁萨多负责事实核查。 包含由玛丽·洛萨诺、帕特·麦卡斯克、丹·鲍威尔、艾丽西亚·拜图、索菲亚·兰德曼和切尔西·丹尼尔创作的音乐。[音乐] 音频工程由克里斯·伍德完成。 我们的主题音乐由Wonderly创作。
Original English >> with help from Carlos Prieto. It was edited by Michael Benoist with help from Paige Cowett and Patricia Willens. Fact-checked by Susan Lee and Andrea [music] Lopez Cruzado. Contains music by Mary Lozano, Pat McCusker, Dan Powell, Alicia Baitu, Sophia Landman, and Chelsea Daniel. [music] And was engineered by Chris Wood. Our theme music is by Wonderly.
>> [音乐]
Original English >> >> [music]
>> 以上就是今天的《每日新闻》。 我是迈克尔·[音乐]巴巴罗。 明天见。
Original English >> That's it for The Daily. I'm Michael [music] Barbaro. See tomorrow.