AI的颠覆与潜能的发现
人工智能（Artificial Intelligence: 模拟人类智能过程的机器系统）如今已能胜任许多曾经需要专业人士才能完成的任务，甚至连精深的数学辅导也能被AI工具取代。然而，在AI技术飞速发展的背后，演讲者Po-Shen Loh，一位数学家，却在现实世界中发现了被忽视的巨大潜能。他分享了在一次深入美国乡村地区的经历，走进一所小学四年级教室。面对孩子们，他写下了一个简单的算术题：“1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 等于多少？”令他惊讶的是，孩子们几乎同时喊出了正确答案“25”。这次经历让他印象深刻，因为这所学校所在的地区贫困率很高，孩子们甚至可能没有手机或稳定的互联网接入。当被问及他们如何娱乐时，答案是“他们自己想办法制作游戏”。这与人们普遍认为的、在资源匮乏地区孩子们的学习和生活状态形成了鲜明对比，揭示了这些孩子身上蕴含的、未被外界充分认识到的好奇心和解决问题的能力。
Original English
The AI today can do those problems like this. Actually, at this point, even a very sophisticated math coach can be replaced by the AI tool if you decide you want to do it. As I started running around rural areas, I walked into the elementary school. I walked into the fourth grade classroom and I was just going to do my usual thing, Mr. Poe, the substitute teacher. So, I wrote on the blackboard, what is 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 equals? As soon as I wrote equals, behind me, I heard a bunch of kids yelling 25. I've actually never experienced before, a classroom. This was one of the best classrooms I have ever taught. And I just told you the profile of the area was high poverty. I asked the person who took me around afterwards, "These kids are amazing. Do they play games on their phones?" And the lady told me, "They don't have phones. It's because of the money. In fact, they might not even have the internet access." Then I said, "What do they do for fun?" And she said, "Well, they just figure out how to make their own games."全球人才连接与信任网络的构建
这种对隐藏人才的发现不仅限于美国乡村。演讲者在一次访问非洲的经历中，同样观察到当地拥有大量极具能力的人才，但经济发展水平却未能充分体现这一点。他认为，问题的关键在于外部世界对这些“特定优秀人才”的认知不足，以及资源输送机制的低效。传统的资源分配方式往往依赖于中间机构，而非直接触达真正能有效利用资源的人。为了解决这一问题，他提出构建一个“高信任网络”的解决方案。通过一个系统，让来自世界各地、真正关心他人且善于思考、能即时解决问题的青少年（例如，高中生指导中学生）参与进来。这种跨地域的合作与交流，如在巴黎的教学互动，能够促进不同文化背景下的人们相互认识和了解。当来自美国、韩国、中国、加拿大或欧洲的人与卢旺达或埃塞俄比亚等地的优秀人才建立联系时，他们会迅速意识到彼此的价值。他预测，在未来5到10年内，这种基于信任的全球协作将催生全新的经济流动模式，并可能为21世纪带来超越AI的新机遇。这种模式通过经济套利（arbitrage: 套利，指利用不同市场间的价格差异获利），使得发达国家和发展中国家都能实现双赢，前者节省成本，后者获得更好的生活质量。
Original English
The problem was these people who I met, people outside in the rest of the world, didn't know about these particular great people. So then I realized actually that huge pool of authentically interested and curious kids throughout rural America, this could be an enormous untapped potential across not only the US but the the entire world. This could potentially create a totally new economic flow system. This might just be what we need for the 21st century after AI. I will also say for everyone who wanted a stable life, good luck cuz AI is going to take that. Hi, I'm Po Shan Lo. I'm a mathematician who has gotten very distracted by the real world. And now my main focus is on trying to build a more thoughtful world to help humanity survive after AI. These days, my biggest focus is on how to bring opportunities to places where there might not have been as many opportunities before. The latest direction that I've been pushing in has actually been rural communities throughout the United States. I went to South Carolina last year in December. I went into a classroom of fourth graders. As we were driving down the road, it was very clear from the stores and the buildings that this was an area that was quite impoverished. Well, I walked into the fourth grade classroom and I was just going to do my usual thing, Mr. Poe, the substitute teacher. So, I wrote on the blackboard, "What is 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 =?" As soon as I wrote equals, behind me, I heard a bunch of kids yelling 25. And we talked for about 20 minutes. And through the whole thing, the kids were all suggesting ideas. They were also very respectful of each other's ideas. If someone was giving an answer, I said, "Oh, let's let's all listen to that person." Everyone did. It was a marvelous class. It was one of the best fourth grade classes I've ever taught. And I just told you the profile of the area was high poverty. Uh I'll also say the ethnic makeup of the classroom. It was 95% African-Amean. I asked the person who took me around afterwards, "These kids are amazing. do they play games on their phones? And the lady told me they don't have phones. It's because of the money. They don't have the phones. In fact, they might not even have the internet access. Then I said, "What do they do for fun?" And she said, "Well, they just figure out how to make their own games." And I found out that throughout all of rural America, which is where I've been running, wow, there are so many kids who are actually really, really interested in challenging themselves. It's just that because of the way the curriculum is designed, they haven't been actually standard curriculum is designed just to make sure that you know how to do a standard problem. In this future world, we need people who can do non-standard problems. Well, it turns out that there's plenty of kids who were really poised to do that. Actually, it even felt more authentic than what I found in cities. In December, I went to Africa because I was particularly interested in Africa because the population is getting bigger and bigger and as a fraction of the world's population is going to become more and more significant. When I went there, I wasn't going to propose particular solutions. I was going there to learn and try to see what was going on. And immediately I saw lots of very capable people. Then I started to think why is the economic development not as strong given that there are all these great people. The problem was these people who I met people outside in the rest of the world didn't know about these particular great people from their outside world. It was just I guess there is a place called Africa. How do you send resources? Okay, if you send it this way, somebody is professional at receiving resources. That's not as good as knowing this person can really use the resources. So with the whole system we do, we have high schoolers who coach middle schoolers. The high schoolers can be from anywhere in the world and they are selected through our our method where we try to find who really cares about people and who's also very good at thinking about ideas on the spot to solve questions. They always teach in Paris. By having the two of them teach in Paris, they get to know each other. If anyone in say United States or Korea or or China or Canada or Europe, if they partner with one of these people from Rwanda or Ethiopia, any other country which we might start to have a relationship with, well then they would very quickly realize, oh, each of us are good. My prediction is that 5 to 10 years down the line, they'll be looking for jobs. It turns out that you can have remote work. Remote work does work well. The only issue is who would you hire? Hm. If the person who was living in the in the developed country was starting a company or if they were looking for partners or people to work or even looking for employees to help work, I anticipate that they might call up the person that they know. There's even an economic arbitrage. The amount of money that people are used to earning in different countries is very different. In fact, if you split the difference, both sides win massively. one side will save a lot, the other side will get to live really, really, really well. So there was just the observation I made of h given that there's this huge economic difference in how much $1 can buy in each country, if people who are really, really, really good are detected by other people. Well, then they could get they could get a really good remote work job, then they might be in a situation where they can start their own thing. Sometimes to start your own company or start your own initiative, you need to first be safe. You might also have a whole bunch of friends you know from doing all of this co-eing at that stage those friends in the United States or in the rest of the world. The only difficulty is can it get through a network of trust and if there's a direct trust where people know that person really can do stuff well then that person could start to get resources coming in through this network from developed countries to developing countries which are shortcutting. they're going directly to people who can use it. So this could potentially create a totally new economic flow system. This could also work in developed countries. In general, to me, this is the value of a huge network. I'm a network theorist. So when I thought of this whole thing, I said ultimately building a high trust network among lots of people who love helping other people and love thinking hard. This might just be what we need for the 21st century after AI.AI时代下人类价值的重塑与未来工作
随着AI能力的不断增强，许多传统技能正面临被淘汰的风险。演讲者指出，过去被认为是“安全”的蓝领工作，如管道工，也可能受到类人机器人（如Boston Dynamics和Hyundai合作开发的机器人）的影响。AI正以前所未有的速度渗透到各行各业，包括软件开发领域，催生了“AI原生工程师”这一新物种。在这样的背景下，人类的核心价值不再是执行标准化任务，而是那些AI难以复制的特质：同理心、对“大局”的关怀、批判性思维以及建立信任的能力。例如，在高度互联的电动汽车（Electric Vehicle: 具备电池驱动和电动机的汽车）系统中，潜在的安全风险（如软件更新被黑客攻击）凸显了对值得信赖的人类专业人士的需求。演讲者强调，未来最有价值的将是那些能够展现出“关心比自身更宏大的事物”并“不易被收买”的个体。他们具备强大的学习能力和坚定的目标导向，能够适应各种变化，并愿意为有意义的目标而努力。这种特质使得他们能够被“插入”到任何组织或项目中，成为不可或缺的力量。
Original English
I think that what we're observing is whatever people are good at all these skills, the AIS are getting better at them and eventually getting better than them as well. For a while, people were saying that the safe job will be plumber like a blue collar job. But if you look at how many humanoid robots there are, there are a lot of them. Oh, actually one of the very famous US companies was Boston Dynamics. As soon as I saw that Hyundai had bought them, I know what Hyundai wants to use those robots for. Not for dancing. Hyundai manufactures large amounts of stuff. Hyundai probably would be very happy to be able to have tons of robot workers. Hundai also has money. So, it's not going to be very long before you got these humanoid robots that can make all kinds of stuff that are working in all the Hundai plants. that's going to that's going to wreak havoc across the blue collar as well. So then I started to think what is special about people. One of the things I think is quite special about people is that hopefully they care that humanity still exists. And the best part is the ones who do if you talk to them you can read it from their eyes. Beautiful thing about humans is that you can tell when you talk to someone this person cares about the big picture more than just about themsel. You will never be able to get that confidence looking at a robot's eyes. I see a lot of electric vehicles on the road today. A lot of EVs. An EV is basically a computer with four wheels. Why I say this is because I'm emphasizing one of the most important parts of the electric vehicle is the computer. Many of the electric vehicles get constant software updates. What would happen if somebody hacked into the software update system? Next week, one particular brand of EVs at 5:30 p.m. they all accelerate to full 100%. The more interconnected our world is, the easier it is for one move to cause very bad things to happen. And if you ever tried editing code, you know that it's actually possible to make weird things happen without even fully understanding, especially if the code was written with AI. So the car which was supposed to help you can change into the car that was supposed to hurt you. You have absolutely no way of knowing because it has no eyes. It has has no eyes you can see that don't change. That will also give a job opportunity because there will need to be people who you can trust to take care of things and to make sure things are safe. You want to know that the people you put into these positions care about things that are bigger than themselves and they aren't easily bought off by someone bribing them for a million dollars or something like that. So my prediction is that the kinds of people that are going to have a lot of job opportunities are the ones where you can tell that you can really really count on this person and that person is very flexible. Generally speaking, when I hire people, if I meet someone like that, I just try to think, can I just find a place for you in my organization? Cuz this kind of person, you can plug into anything. Great intention and great learning capacity. They're going to work hard towards a goal that's meaningful. Okay, let's figure it out. I don't want to hire someone who has been trained to do one particular task because now I've discovered wait one or two more years I can use the AI to do that task and it'll be way cheaper. People who for whom you can see that they just want to do good stuff. We don't have enough of them. The more automation there is the more things that can go wrong. We don't even have enough good people to watch out for all this stuff. I think that's one of the major future needs for humans.教育革新与面向未来的关键能力
面对AI带来的变革，传统的教育模式需要深刻反思。演讲者批评了仅为应试而设计的教育体系，认为这只会培养出“人机一体”的“人类机器人”，而无法应对未来非标准化问题的挑战。AI确实极大地降低了获取知识的门槛，人们可以随时随地通过AI学习各种信息，例如通过ChatGPT（一个由OpenAI开发的大型语言模型）探索不同领域的知识。然而，仅仅依赖AI获取信息是危险的，因为AI提供的信息可能不准确。因此，教育的重点应转向培养学生的批判性思维、好奇心以及真正解决问题的意愿。演讲者提出了两条面向未来的关键建议：一是掌握流利的英语，这能打开通往全球机遇的大门；二是培养“有思想”（thoughtful）的特质，即真正关心他人，并愿意为之付出。这种特质能够吸引他人主动与你合作，并形成强大的信任网络。创业精神的核心在于发现并解决他人的痛点，而这种由有思想的人组成的网络，正是提供持续机会的21世纪解决方案，远胜于依赖单一权威或考试分数。最终，建立一个由乐于助人、善于思考的人组成的、高信任度的网络，或许正是AI时代人类生存和繁荣的关键。
Original English
AI definitely creates a way for more people to access education. Actually, I get to learn all kinds of things right now. My chat GPT history currently has questions about what's in the Quran. Okay, so the best thing is today if you want to learn something, oh, you really can learn it. You can you can ask these AIs. In fact, this morning I came in here on an overnight bus and I was busy uh updating a particular website. is a is an online video game. We're about to put out video game meaning it's a math game. It's for people to do math. But uh there are all these math problems. In the old days, I had to actually do the math problems myself. I have all these old math problems from other math contests. The AI today can do those problems like this. I was using Claude's Opus 4.5, which is the very advanced version. And I was having it solve all these advanced math problems and give hints. So I'm explaining like actually at this point even a very sophisticated math coach can be replaced by the AI tool if you decide you want to do it. So the big question becomes for the student do I want to do this right because there are any all you need actually is just to open up your favorite AI and start asking it all kinds of questions. I was actually just in China uh last week and I was at one school and that one school was showing me how they had some AI powered app. So that app was designed to let you do the kinds of problems that will appear on the exams so that you could rank higher so to speak. So it was it was an AI powered performance improver for standard exams in China. One of the curriculum people asked me, "What do you think?" And I said, 'You know, actually, if I was using AI to do education, I don't think I would do it that way because I think that that's just creating people who are human versions of AI. You're just making human robots. The most important thing today is that you want to learn something and then you're curious enough to go and engage with it. Ah, but you also need to be able to think. So that's the other piece. It's very dangerous today for people just to ask AI stuff because the AI can tell you something and it sounds authoritative but it could be bogus. So the bottom line is that the playing field for learning stuff at this point if you just want to go and interact with AI you can everyone can have it. Then the deep question becomes why would anyone do it? So that's why the way I work now is on the philosophy. In the old days, people would do it because then you can get a higher rank and then you can get into a better university. But today, even if you do that, you still can't get a job. It's actually quite sad. A lot of people who are running along this pathway, they're going to work very hard for about 20 years of their life being told by their parents, you do this so that you have a better job at the end. Finally, they graduate and they still have no job. That's going to be a that's going to be a major mental health crisis. So instead the the way I think is more healthy is if people have a real intention to do something that is bigger than themsel that involves other people. That's why what I love is when I see a kid whose eyes are saying I want to help you. It's so interesting. You can see this from human eyes. They're going to be very curious. They're going to keep learning stuff. And the interesting thing is then they can they can become arbitrarily good. So when I was thinking about how do you motivate people to want to be thoughtful, it occurred to me thoughtful people like being around other thoughtful people. It's fun. If you if you're a person who likes to help other people and thinks about stuff and likes to think about stuff, the moment you meet anyone else with these two characteristics, you very quickly become friends and you become trusted friends. Well, then these thoughtful networks become very, very strong. So then I realized there's another way to motivate people. Find thoughtful people, connect them to each other. Then they naturally will start to try to find ways to create value. Some of these people will also be entrepreneurs. The heart of entrepreneurship is finding pain points in other people and solving them. And by the way, you'll get money out of that because you have solved a problem. Right? That's how I realized networking together thoughtful people provides a 21st century way to provide ongoing opportunity which is actually even better than the central authority way of everyone take a test go and see who ranks the highest the ones who rank the highest give them something that they all can do independently right there there's different ways that you can run a society different countries do have different systems though so I I I actually see this in some of the other countries that I go to where due to the way the system is everyone is just struggling along competing to get these high scores on exams because that's what's going to determine uh their future. Then of course the question is how can we help them very strong practical advice would be to learn English learn English to a very high level of fluency because that gives you access to almost well not almost but it gives you access to a huge world of opportunities. If the only language you know is your native language, you only get opportunities in systems which use your native language. And if the system is designed in a way where most of the people will not have opportunity, it could be beneficial to be able to play in all the other systems. Next thing is to pick up this this this thoughtful thing where when anyone meets you, they see, oh, you really do care about other people. That is actually what's going to make people want to pull you out of those systems. Because for example, if anyone has fluent English and if you live in another country, Korea for example, oh, we'd love to have you in our program. We're not designed to only take the top 10%. We're designed to take all the great people. We're great just means that you actually like other people and you actually want to do things for other people. And if we give you weird math problems that you've never seen before, you can think about them. It's very useful for people to take a step back and think why is the system built this way anyway? What was the intention? And then you might need to break out of the system. You might need to find your own other way to do things. That's entrepreneurship. I will also say for everyone who wanted a stable life, good luck cuz AI is going to take that. So unfortunately anyway people need to move to this direction. I'm Mih. The title of the class is the modern software developer. It's definitely the first class in where the focus is AI across the SDLC. It's the first of its kind at Stanford within like a few hours of the class being announced and it kind of opened up for enrollment filled up over 100 students. Something kind of crazy is happening. Software development and AI is really starting to make its way into every single part of of how software is being done and and clearly something was changing. What is interesting is that there is this emergence of kind of like a new I would say class of like engineer which is like the AI native engineer and AI is that language. AI is that new language. This particular generation of junior developers of junior engineers the people that are now entering the workforce will I think be the first kind of generation of that new shift. A single developer become a manager of agents. So really knowing how to like properly handle multiple agents is like the last boss in the game. Like if you can do that really really well then you are like literally like the top top.1% of of users even today.📌 文中提及的人物和组织
公司/组织: Boston Dynamics, Hyundai
产品/模型: Claude's Opus 4.5