--- author: New York Times Podcasts date: '2026-10-21' guest: '' layout: post.njk source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FtC35oWj83k speaker: New York Times Podcasts tags: - electricity-bill - utility-disconnection - approval-rating - midterm-election - haunted-house title: 美国家庭电费账单危机、特朗普支持率创下新低与今日要闻 summary: 本期《纽约时报》头条聚焦美国破纪录酷暑后迎来的电费断电高峰危机，AI数据中心与老旧电网进一步推高用电负担；同时报道了特朗普支持率创下新低且民主党中期选举势头上升、美籍公民在俄获释、白宫简报室改建传闻、也门战事升级以及万圣节鬼屋行业的生存现状。 insight: '' draft: true series: '' category: politics-society area: society-thinking project: [] people: - Donald Trump companies_orgs: - The New York Times - Public Service Company of Oklahoma products_models: [] media_books: [] status: evergreen --- ### 开场与今日要闻概述 这里是《纽约时报》的新闻头条。我是代班特雷西·芒福德（Tracy Mumford）的主持人威尔·贾维斯（Will Jarvis）。今天是10月21日，星期三。以下是今天的核心内容。
Original English From the New York Times, it's the headlines. I'm Will Jarvis in for Tracy Mumford. Today's Wednesday, October 21st. Here's what we're covering.
### 破纪录酷暑后的电费账单危机与断电潮 在美国，刚刚过去的这个夏天非常炎热。根据联邦数据，这是有记录以来最热的夏天。在一些气温即便到了夜间也几乎不降温的时段里，美国人的空调几乎是连轴转地开着。如今，对许多家庭而言，随之而来的高昂电费账单已经到期。《纽约时报》一直在关注这对许多人来说是如何远远超出其承受能力的。 在许多气候炎热的州，法律限制公用事业公司在酷暑最严重的时期切断电力供应。但在每年的这个时候，当气温开始下降时，随着公司开始切断未缴费住户的电源，断电现象便迎来了高峰。
Original English In the US, this past summer was hot. The hottest on record according to federal data. Americans had their ACs going nonstop during some stretches when the temperatures didn't even cool down much at night. Now, for many households, the soaring electricity costs of that have come due. And the Times has been looking at how for a lot of people, it's way more than they can afford. Laws in many hot weather states restrict utility companies from shutting off electricity during the worst of the heat. But this time of year, when temperatures begin to drop, is when disconnections peak as the companies start cutting off people who haven't paid.
### 俄克拉荷马小镇的求助困境与电网压力 我最近去了俄克拉荷马州的麦卡莱斯特（Mallister / McAlester），这是一个大约有1.8万人口的小镇。我遇到的人中有一对夫妇，他们靠着一台单一的空调度过了夏天。夏天刚刚结束，他们刚收到所有用电的账单，金额将近1500美元，远远超过了他们的月收入。账单上还附带了一份粗体印制的断电通知，上面写着他们只剩下9天的时间来付款。 我的同事伊莱·萨斯洛（Eli Saslow）表示，对于他遇到的吉亚（Gia）和达里尔（Daryl）这对夫妇来说，这不仅仅是电灯熄灭的问题。断电意味着他们赖以生存的制氧机或持续气道正压通气机（CPAP）也将无法运转。伊莱说，他看到这对夫妇是如何试图通过将几乎整个生活搬进装有空调的客厅来限制电费开支的——在客厅吃饭，在客厅睡觉，并在门口悬挂门帘以留住冷气。但所有这些努力仍然不够。 在吉亚想方设法及时支付这笔账单的过程中，我也一直陪在她身边。她基本上开始了一场穿越全镇的奔波。她去了医生诊所，试图让医生签署一份证明她患有疾病、必须依靠电力才能维持生命的说明，以争取30天的宽限期。她去教堂寻求援助，但那些教堂也已不堪重负。她去了一家慈善二手店，该店有时会从收银机里拿出钱来资助那些需要帮助支付公用事业账单的人。但这一次，店里表示连他们自己的员工都被切断了电源，他们已经无力再帮助任何人。 我在麦卡莱斯特逗留的整个期间，所有人都在讨论这个话题：自己的电费是多少，大家怎么可能付得起？每天，这个镇上都有数十人被切断电源，还有数百人担心自己会是下一个。 但在俄克拉荷马州该地区的公用事业公司（称为PSO）表示，他们自身也面临着压力。电网已经老化并需要更新。这些炎热的夏天同样给电力公司带来了重压，因为他们必须提供更多的电力。此外，还有大量被称为“大负荷客户”的新增对象并入电网。这些是新设立的企业，在某些情况下是用于人工智能的新数据中心，它们对电力的需求将迎来前所未有的激增。
Original English I recently went to Mallister, Oklahoma, which is a pretty small town of about 18,000 people. And one of the people that I met was a couple that had gotten through the summer with a single air conditioning unit. The summer had just ended, and they had just gotten the bill for all of that electricity, and it was far more than their monthly income, almost $1,500. It also came with a boldlettered disconnection notice that said they had 9 days left to pay. My colleague Eli Saslo says that for the couple he met, Gia and Daryl, it's not just about the lights going off. A disconnection would mean they also couldn't run the oxygen machine or the CPAP they depend on. Eli says he saw how the couple tried to limit their electric bill by more or less moving their whole life into the living room where the AC is, eating there, sleeping there, hanging curtains from the doorways to keep the cool air in. But all that still wasn't enough. I was there with Gia as she was trying to figure out how to pay this bill in time. And she began a journey essentially across this town. She went to a doctor's office to try to get a 30-day extension by having them sign a note that her medical conditions made electricity necessary in order for her to survive. She went to churches to try to get assistance, but those churches were also overwhelmed. She went to a charity thrift store that sometimes gave away money from the cash register to people who needed help with their utility bills. But this time, the store said that their own employees had had their electricity cut off and they couldn't afford to help anybody else. The whole time I was in Mallister, this is the conversation that everyone was having. What was their electric bill and how could people afford to pay? Every day, dozens and dozens of people in this town were getting cut off and hundreds more were fearing that they would be next. But the utility company in that part of Oklahoma, which is called PSO, says it's facing its own pressure. The grid is old and needs updating. These hot summers also are straining electrical companies because they need to provide more power. And also there are a huge number of what they call large load customers coming onto the grid. These are new businesses and in some cases new data centers for artificial intelligence that are going to increase the demand for electricity like never before.
### 特朗普支持率创新低与中期选举动态 今晨出炉的一项最新《纽约时报》/锡耶纳学院民调显示，在特朗普总统所属政党正极力维持对国会的控制权之际，其支持率已触及新低。在可能投票的选民中，仅有36%的人表示认可这位总统的表现。 除了特朗普个人的支持率之外，该民调还发现在各选民所在的国会选区中，可能投票的选民倾向于民主党候选人的比例高出共和党11个百分点。这可能是左翼展现出强劲政治势头的一个迹象。 >> 民调中非常清楚的一点是，随着公众对共和党的看法下滑，公众对民主党的评价在诸多方面都在上升。 >> 我的同事露丝·格尔尼克（Ruth Gelnik）是《纽约时报》民调执行与分析团队的成员。当人们被问及哪个党派能理解像他们这样的人所面临的问题、哪个党派能解决像他们这样的人所面临的问题，以及哪个党派能信守承诺时，我们一次又一次地看到，人们表示民主党在某种程度上体现了这些特征。 与2024年相比，这是一个重大的转变。在2024年，选民更有可能表示共和党兑现了诺言。如今，这种情况发生了逆转。因此，在迈向中期选举之际，民主党拥有的公众形象比两年前要乐观得多。 与此同时，面对惨淡的民调数字，特朗普的政治运作团队在这段冲刺期内正全力将资金注入中期选举。从9月到本月中旬，该团队斥资约2.77亿美元协助共和党候选人。在最近几天，与特朗普相关的超级政治行动委员会（Super PACs）大幅增加了在Facebook和Instagram广告上的支出，以全力推动选民出来投票。 特朗普及其盟友手头拥有如此充裕的资金（远多于民主党）的部分原因是，即便在第二次就职之后，特朗普也从未停止过筹款。他的助手们一直在各类晚宴和活动中募集大额支票，这些活动为捐赠者提供了接近总统的机会。
Original English A fresh Time Sienna poll out this morning shows that President Trump's approval rating has hit a new low as his party is fighting to keep control of Congress. Just 36% of likely voters said they approved of the president's performance. And beyond Trump, the poll also found that in people's congressional districts, likely voters said they favored Democratic candidates over Republicans by 11 percentage points. It could be a sign of significant political momentum on the left. >> One thing that's very clear in the poll is that as public perceptions of Republicans have gone down, public perceptions of Democrats have gone up across a number of factors. >> My colleague Ruth Gelnik is part of the team at the Times that conducts and analyzes polls. When people were asked what party can understand the problems facing people like them, what party can fix the problems facing people like them, and what party keeps its promises, again and again, we saw that people say Democrats kind of embody these characteristics. And this is a big shift since 2024. In 2024, voters were more likely to say that Republicans kept their promises. Now, that's been reversed. So heading into the midterm elections, Democrats have a much brighter image than they did 2 years ago. Meanwhile, facing bleak poll numbers, Trump's political operation is pouring money into the midterms during this final stretch. From September until the middle of this month, it spent about $277 million to help Republican candidates. And in recent days, Trump tied super PACs have drastically upped their spending on Facebook and Instagram ads in a major push to get out the vote. Part of the reason Trump and his allies have so much money on hand, far more than Democrats, is that Trump never let up on fundraising, even as he took office for a second time. And his aids have been soliciting huge checks at dinners and events that offer donors access to the president.
### 特朗普政府简讯：俄籍囚犯释放与白宫简报室传闻 现在带来有关特朗普政府的另外两条简讯。首先， >> “我一直在与普京总统就哈伯德先生（Mr. Hubbard）的事情进行沟通。我一直在与他深入交谈。我已请求他将人释放。让我们看看会发生什么。好的，让我们……” >> 今天上午，在特朗普亲自请求俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京放人之后，俄罗斯释放了一名此前在俄被关押的美国男子。现年74岁的斯蒂芬·哈伯德（Steven Hubbard）早于2022年被俄罗斯军队从其居住的乌克兰抓获。他被指控为雇佣兵并被送往流放地。美国官员表示这些指控纯属捏造，他遭到了错误拘押。 哈伯德被俄罗斯在没有进行换囚的情况下释放，在特朗普总统对俄罗斯表现出日益支持的时刻，此举进一步赢得了特朗普的好感。就在过去的几周里，特朗普宣布美国将购买俄罗斯柴油，并暂缓实施原定的一套新制裁方案，尽管他因为在世界舞台上恢复俄罗斯的地位而面临来自国会议员和美国盟友的批评。 而在白宫，《纽约时报》获悉，特朗普总统一直在反复推动将新闻简报室改建为游泳池的想法，这实际上等同于将记者赶出这栋大楼。特朗普提出这个想法已有数年，但三位知情人士表示，仅在过去几个月里，该话题就已被多次提及。总统身边越来越多的人赞同将媒体迁走的想法，可能会迁往白宫建筑群内街对面的另一栋建筑。 这一潜在举措出台之际，该届政府对媒体采取了日益敌视的态度，传唤记者并完全禁止某些新闻机构进入白宫。至于修建游泳池，这个想法并非凭空捏造。简报室目前所在的区域曾经确实是一个室内游泳池。它于1933年由富兰克林·D·罗斯福（Franklin D. Roosevelt）总统修建，罗斯福需要它作为治疗因小儿麻痹症受损的双腿的一部分康复疗程。
Original English Now, two other quick updates on the Trump administration. First, >> I've been talking to President Putin about Mr. Hubard. I've been talking to him at length. I've asked him to release them. Let's see what happens. Okay, let's >> This morning, Russia released an American man who had been jailed there after Trump personally asked the country's president, Vladimir Putin, to set him free. Steven Hubard, who's 74, was seized by Russian forces back in 2022 from Ukraine, where he was living. He was accused of being a mercenary and sent to a penal colony. US officials said the charges were fabricated and that he was wrongfully detained. Hubard was released by Russia without a prisoner swap, buying more goodwill with President Trump at a moment when he's become increasingly supportive of Russia. In just the past few weeks, Trump has announced that the US will buy Russian diesel fuel and hold off on a new package of sanctions that had been planned, even as he faces criticism from lawmakers and American allies for rehabilitating Russia's standing on the world stage. And at the White House, the Times has learned that President Trump has been repeatedly pushing the idea of turning the press briefing room into a swimming pool, effectively evicting reporters from the building. Trump has floated this idea for years, but three people with knowledge of the discussions say the topic has come up multiple times in just the past few months. And a growing number of people around the president favor the idea of sending the press away, possibly across the street to another building in the White House complex. The potential move comes as the administration has taken an increasingly hostile stance towards the media, subpoenaing journalists and barring some news organizations from the White House altogether. As for putting a pool in, that idea doesn't come out of nowhere. The space where the briefing room is now actually used to be an indoor pool. It was installed in 1933 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who needed it as part of therapy for his legs, which were damaged by polio.
### 也门人道主义危机与中东局势 在也门，随着胡塞武装对该国最大城市之一发起围困，当局正对一场潜在的人道主义灾难发出警告。在接受电话采访时，该市（塔伊兹，Taiz）的居民和官员告诉《纽约时报》，粮食、燃料和饮用水的供应正在减少，医院也正在耗尽最后的医疗物资。 这场已进入第三周的围困，是由伊朗支持的胡塞武装与由沙特阿拉伯支持的也门政府之间不断升级的战争的一部分。据一名当地官员透露，周一，胡塞武装向一个也门军事营地发射了弹道导弹，造成70多人死亡。 从更广的层面来看，胡塞武装采取了激进的行动来强化对更广泛区域的控制。他们占领了红海上的一个战略港口，并对沙特阿拉伯发动了日益大胆的导弹和无人机袭击浪潮。这些袭击包括对沙特首都利雅得主要机场的致命打击。在暴力冲突之中，沙特官员本周宣布，他们将推迟被称为“沙漠达沃斯”的该国旗舰级投资会议。
Original English In Yemen, authorities are warning of a potential humanitarian catastrophe as the Houthi militia lays siege to one of the country's largest cities. In phone interviews, residents and officials in the city, TAI told the Times that supplies of food, fuel, and drinking water are running low, and hospitals are using up the last of their medical supplies. The siege, which is entering its third week, is part of an escalating war between the Iranbacked Houthis and the Yemeni government, which is supported by Saudi Arabia. On Monday, the Houthis fired ballistic missiles at a Yemeni military camp, killing more than 70 people, according to a local official. And more broadly, the Houthis have moved aggressively to assert control in the wider region. They've captured a strategic port on the Red Sea and launched increasingly brazen waves of missile and drone attacks at Saudi Arabia. Those include deadly strikes at the main airport in the Saudi capital, Riad. And amid the violence, Saudi officials announced this week that they will postpone what's known as Davos in the Desert, the country's marquee investment conference.
### 万圣节鬼屋行业的商业挑战 最后，在全美各地，有一类特殊的行业正迎来生死存亡的时刻。 在长滩的一座鬼屋，是一个鲜活且呼吸着的噩梦…… >> 鬼屋，或者行业内部人士显然仅称之为“haunts”（恐怖景点）。 >> 总有人或有东西急切地想要“见”你一面。对于全美约1200个售票运营的恐怖景点而言，在万圣节前夕的这段时间里，它们必须在短短几周内创造出全年的总收入。《纽约时报》一直在调查力争盈利的过程是如何令人头疼的。 举例来说，鬼屋每年都必须完全重新进行设计创新，因为其核心就在于你不知道那个诡异的小丑什么时候会拿着斧头跳出来吓你。此外，还有一项出奇棘手的任务——遵守消防规范。比如，当你正试图让人们在阴森、昏暗且破败的宅邸中感到迷失时，却必须设置标示清晰的紧急出口。 还有其他迅速累积的独特开支：道具、演员、所有的假血浆和化妆品。曼哈顿的一家鬼屋表示，他们每年仅在用于烟雾机的所谓“沼泽汁”上的开销就超过1000美元。 所有这些成本或许解释了为什么在某些地方，一张鬼屋门票现在的价格可以达到50美元甚至更高。但该行业的一位人士告诉《纽约时报》，如果你经营一家鬼屋并希望削减开支，他最好的建议是保持简单，并表示你能做的最吓人的事情就是——引用原话——“把某人扔进黑暗中，让他们不知道该往哪里走”。
Original English And finally, across the US, it is a do or die moment for one particular type of business. A haunted mansion at Long Branch is a living, breathing nightmare of >> haunted houses, or what industry insiders apparently just call haunts. >> There is always someone or something dying to meet you. For the estimated 1,200 ticketed haunts around the country. This stretch in the run-up to Halloween is when they have to make their entire annual revenue in just a few weeks. And the Times has been looking into how trying to turn a profit can be bedeing. For example, take the fact that haunted houses have to totally reinvent themselves each year since the whole point is you don't know when that creepy clown is going to jump out at you with an axe. Plus, there's the surprisingly tricky task of keeping up with the fire code. Things like clearly marked emergency exits when you're trying to get people to feel lost in a freaky, dark, crumbling mansion. There are also other unique expenses that add up quickly. Props, actors, all that fake blood and makeup. One Haunted House in Manhattan said it spends more than $1,000 each year just on the quote unquote swamp juice it uses in fog machines. All those costs may explain why in some places a ticket to a haunt can now be $50 or more. But one guy in the business told the Times that if you run a haunt and are looking to bring down expenses, his best advice is to keep things simple, saying the scariest thing you can do is quote, "throw someone in darkness and make them unsure of where to go.
### 结语与订阅提示 以上就是今天的新闻头条。如果您还不是《纽约时报》的订阅用户，现在下载《纽约时报》App即可获得整整一个月的免费访问权限，畅读我们发布的所有内容。我是威尔·贾维斯（Will Jarvis）。我们明天再见。
Original English Those are the headlines. And if you are not a Time subscriber yet, you can get a full month of free access to everything we publish when you download the Times app now. I'm Will Jarvis. We'll be back tomorrow.