---
author: New York Times Podcasts
date: '2026-09-16'
guest: ''
layout: post.njk
source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6XGoJ3U0pGM
speaker: New York Times Podcasts
tags:
- energy-crisis
- fuel-protest
- arms-deal
- election-integrity
- language-policy
title: 全球燃料危机蔓延、美对以28亿美元军售与大选监票员极化争议
summary: 本期纽约时报头条聚焦：伊朗及中东冲突引发全球能源短缺与多国抗议骚乱；美国国会要求停战，但特朗普政府批准对以色列28亿美元军售，同时参议院否决加密货币法案；两党在大选监票员培训中加剧对立与不信任；以及中国围绕英语教育必要性与AI翻译影响展开的社会大辩论。
insight: ''
draft: true
series: ''
category: geopolitics
area: geopolitics
project: []
people: []
companies_orgs:
- The New York Times
products_models: []
media_books: []
status: evergreen
---
### 全球能源危机与燃料骚乱：中东冲突引发的连锁社会动荡
随着伊朗和中东地区战事的持续升级，全球范围内的能源价格再次出现失控式暴涨，引发了多国公众的强烈愤慨与大规模街头抗议。**《纽约时报》**（The New York Times: 美国主流新闻媒体）全球事务特派记者 **Damian Cave** 指出，霍尔木兹海峡附近的持续袭击以及红海等替代油气航运路线面临的日益严峻威胁，直接导致了全球油气供应短缺与创纪录的高昂价格，尤其是**柴油**（Diesel: 关键交通与农业燃料）价格的飙升对基层民生产生了毁灭性打击。从危地马拉的农民到葡萄牙的运输司机，多国民众纷纷走上街头举行示威，抗议生计已难以为继。
在印度尼西亚等岛屿国家，出租车司机因每日收入几乎全部被迫投入油箱而发起抗议，甚至选择停工；伴随而来的严重燃料短缺导致加油站前排起长达数公里的摩托车与汽车长龙，民众常需在凌晨三点排队等待数小时才能勉强加到燃油。在孟加拉国，发电用天然气的严重匮乏导致工厂每天不得不面临数小时的拉闸停电。最极端的冲突发生在叙利亚，燃料价格暴涨40%引发了激烈抗议，甚至出现了示威者试图自焚以抗议物价的极端事件。这种被称为**燃料骚乱**（Fuel Riots: 因燃油价格暴涨或供应短缺引发的群体性社会骚乱）的街头抗议正在快速蔓延，并且性质正从单纯对生活成本的沮丧，演变为对政府与大型油气企业利益勾结的严厉指责，演变成质疑整个国家治理体系合法性的深层政治危机。
Original English Source
From The New York Times, it's The Headlines. I'm Tracy Mumford. Today is Wednesday, September 16th. Here's what we're covering.
All over the world, people are protesting over soaring energy prices once again caused by the war in Iran and in the Middle East. In country after country, people are furious about gas and diesel prices skyrocketing, and they're taking to the streets.
Damian Cave is a global affairs correspondent for The Times. He says between the ongoing attacks near the Strait of Hormuz and increasing threats to alternate shipping routes for oil and gas like the Red Sea, people are facing record-high prices, especially for diesel. And he says everyone from farmers in Guatemala to drivers in Portugal have been staging demonstrations to say, "We can't go on like this."
In Indonesia and a bunch of different islands, taxi drivers are protesting and in some cases just not going to work because everything that they make basically goes into their gas tanks if they're lucky enough to even get fuel. Because part of the problem in a lot of these places is that shortages are again appearing. You've got huge long lines in places where, you know, motorbikes are just being left in this long snaking chain for miles. You know, cars have been sitting there for 40 minutes and hours. Sometimes people are lining up at 3:00 a.m. and if they're lucky, they get gas at 5:00 a.m. Bangladesh is another place that's really suffering because of a shortage of natural gas that powers electricity. You've got factories that are shutting down for many hours a day.
And in Syria, which may be the most extreme example, people took to the streets after prices jumped by 40% and in one case there was a guy who was pouring fuel over himself and about to let himself on fire when crowds intervened and prevented that from happening.
But the anger is really spreading from place to place. Tensions in the streets or fuel riots, as some people call them, are also becoming an increasing political challenge. You know, governments are being accused of colluding with rich oil and gas companies. So, you're seeing a degree of political protest and tension morph from just frustration about prices to an accusation against governments and against an entire system that people are starting to question.
### 特朗普政府争议与政策博弈：中东战事、军售及家族利益链
在美国国内，由战争引发的国内油价高涨与经济冲击正不断加剧国会内部的跨党派反弹。美国众议院以220票赞成、204票反对的结果，通过了一项指示特朗普总统结束战争的共同决议案；这是众议院第三次、参议院两次通过类似决议，要求特朗普停止军事行动或必须获得国会的明确授权。尽管该决议不具备法律强制约束力，但部分共和党议员再次跨党派倒戈支持民主党提案，凸显出美国内部对战争连带民生影响的强烈不满。**《时代》周刊与锡耶纳学院**（Time/Siena Poll）的最新民调显示，仅有31%的潜在选民支持当前对伊朗的军事冲突。
然而在外交与军工政策上，白宫已正式批准向以色列出售价值28亿美元的军火装备，包括数万枚炸弹和弹头，成为美以两国历史上规模最大的军转交易之一。其中包括曾在加沙造成大量平民伤亡、引发国际广泛谴责的2000磅重型航弹。尽管美国公众对以色列的支持率持续下滑且面临国会阻力，但特朗普政府预计将动用紧急权力强行推进该笔军售。
与行政权力的强推形成鲜明对比的是，参议院在立法层面遭遇挫折，否决了一项对加密行业友好的重要法案。多位议员要求在该法案中加入严格限制总统及公职人员通过加密资产牟利的条款，最终部分共和党议员联手民主党阻止了法案推进——值得注意的是，特朗普本人去年通过其关联的加密商业网络获利超过10亿美元。与此同时，**ProPublica**（美国独立非营利调查新闻机构）披露，与俄罗斯总统普京关系密切的国际拳击协会主席、俄罗斯商人 **Umar Kremlev** 曾出资包下巴哈马私人岛屿并燃放烟花，为小唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump Jr.）举办奢华婚礼派对，此举因违背公职人员家庭不得收受可能存在利益交换的高额个人礼物的伦理规范而引发强烈质疑，尽管特朗普家族声明辩称其纯属朋友间的普通馈赠。
Original English Source
Meanwhile, the votes the Ayes are 220, the Nays are 204. The concurrent resolution is adopted.
In the US, the House passed a measure yesterday directing President Trump to end the war. The third time it's done that. The Senate's done it twice. The measure calls for Trump to halt military operations or explicitly seek Congress's approval to continue them. It doesn't carry the force of law, but the fact that enough Republican lawmakers continue to join with Democrats to pass these measures underscores widespread frustration over the war's effects at home, including gas prices. A new Time Siena poll of likely voters found that only 31% approve of the war with Iran.
Now, three other updates on the Trump administration.
First, the White House has signed off on a $2.8 billion arms deal with Israel. According to an official familiar with the proposed sale, it would include tens of thousands of bombs and warheads and is one of the largest transfers of weapons ever between the two countries. As part of the Israel would get more of the powerful 2,000-lb bombs that its military dropped across Gaza, drawing international outrage over civilian deaths. While there's likely to be pushback from Congress over this deal, as public support for Israel has been falling in the US, the Trump administration can use emergency powers to push it through.
Also, the Senate yesterday blocked a major cryptocurrency bill, in part over concerns about the Trump family's close ties to the industry. The bill would have created rules that were friendly to crypto businesses, and its defeat is a huge blow for pro-crypto groups, which have spent tens of millions of dollars backing candidates who support the industry. Ultimately, a handful of Republicans joined Democrats in voting against considering the measure, after many lawmakers demanded it include stronger language banning the president and other public officials from using crypto to make money. President Trump himself generated more than a billion dollars last year from a network of crypto businesses.
And last update, the Trump family is facing questions after revelations that a Russian businessman helped pay for Donald Trump Jr.'s lavish wedding after-party this year. ProPublica was first to report on the payments by Umar Kremlev, the head of the International Boxing Association, who has ties to Russian President Vladimir Putin. According to people familiar with the matter, Kremlev covered the cost of renting a private island in the Bahamas and putting on a fireworks show. That kind of arrangement flies in the face of ethical norms for an American president's family, who are generally expected to steer clear of these sorts of personal and pricey gifts, out of concerns that the gift giver might eventually expect something in return. Kremlev himself attended the party just days after he was seen with. After the payments came to light this week, Donald Trump Jr. and his wife Bettina posted a statement on Instagram saying Kremlev is a friend and that quote, "Generosity doesn't automatically come with an agenda and sometimes a wedding gift is simply a wedding gift." According to ProPublica, Kremlev's press office said that the businessman had quote, "Never discussed political matters with any of his American friends and acquaintances."
### 美国大选监票员培训极化：政治对抗与选举制度信任危机
在即将到来的中期选举前夕，原本平淡常规的**投票站监票**（Poll Watching: 由政党或民间团体指派志愿者在投票站监督选举流程合规性的机制）工作呈现出高度政治化与阵营对抗的危险倾向。《纽约时报》选举与虚假信息报道记者 **Tiffany Hsu** 在审查了数十个智库与公民团体制作的培训课件和指导手册后发现，虽然多数材料仍保持中立客观，旨在指导志愿者依照规章记录选举过程，但相当一部分培训正在系统性地向监票员灌输对选举流程的深刻不信任与敌对预期。
在密歇根州一场竞争极其胶着的参议院选战培训网络会议中，右翼培训师明确向志愿者宣称他们的任务是“确保共和党获胜的关键使命”，并要求重点盯防不愿出示身份证件者或涉嫌违规的民主党人，宣称“民主党主导的选举已变成一场噩梦，现在是夺回主导权的时候”。选举专家指出，尽管一线选举工作人员受过专业应对训练，但过去十年围绕“选民欺诈”和舞弊阴谋论的泛滥，已经导致了选举官员被跟踪、选民遭骚扰、甚至有人公开持枪或过度拍摄的极端行为，充满敌意的培训恐将进一步加剧投票现场的冲突风险。与此相对，左翼阵营同样在加紧监票培训，其核心目标定位于防范任何阻碍选民投票的行为；部分左翼培训甚至模拟了国民警卫队和移民及海关执法局（ICE）进驻投票站的极端防御演练，并提醒志愿者严密防范其他怀有特定政治意图的监票人员。
Original English Source
Poll watching has been a part of elections for ages and usually it's it's a really boring job. Some people have called it watching paint dry. Other people have said it's like waiting in a field for aliens to land. This year though, my colleagues and I have noticed that poll watchers are being told in some of their trainings to distrust what's happening in the process.
Tiffany Hsu covers elections and disinformation for the times and in the run-up to the midterms, she's been reviewing dozens of slideshows and hundreds of instructional documents that think tanks and civics groups have put together to train poll watchers. Many of those materials are neutral and informative, basically just describing how volunteers can witness and document what's happening on election day to make sure everything's going by the book. But Tiffany says some of the training this year is essentially priming people to expect wrongdoing.
I sat in on a webinar training in Michigan where there's a really tight Senate race that's happening. In that live stream, the trainer told the volunteers that they were quote, "Part of this critical mission to ensure Republicans win." Those volunteers were told to keep their eyes peeled for people who didn't want to produce their ID, for Democrats who were maybe going to do something a little bit sketchy. The trainer told these folks, "We've had Democrats that have run all these elections and it turned into a nightmare, so it's time that we take them back."
In talking to election experts about the tone of these trainings, a lot of them said, "We're probably not going to see this fearful overlay really affect election day. Election workers and election officials are trained to handle things day of. Things should be fine. But we've come out of a decade of great distrust in elections, a lot of conspiracy theories about voter fraud, about cheating. And in the past few election cycles, we've had election officials being stalked, voters being harassed, people intensely filming videos, openly carrying firearms. All this to say that the hostility in some of these trainings could result in even more of this sort of behavior."
Tiffany says groups on the right are not the only ones ramping up efforts to train poll watchers. She reviewed training materials from groups on the left, too, who said their goal is to defend against any attempts to stop people from voting. She said in one example, organizers trained volunteers for a hypothetical scenario in which the National Guard and ICE agents were deployed to polling locations. And in another, volunteers were told they may need to be on guard for other poll watchers who might have been trained by groups with quote, "different motives as to why they're observing."
### 中国英语教育地位重构：AI技术冲击与国家发展取向之争
自20世纪70年代末实行改革开放以来，英语教学在中国各地学校受到了高度重视，与语文、数学并列为基础教育的三大核心主科，并在高考中占据极高的分值权重，成为国家对外开放与融入全球化的关键工具。然而，随着教学实效性长期面临争议，社会各界对英语学习必要性的讨论近期再次激化。本月初，一名数学教师在社交媒体上公开发帖呼吁将英语改为选修课，主张停止对“外来输入”的盲目崇拜；该言论迅速引发病毒式传播，点燃了全社会关于学习英语是否仍具合理性与投入价值的激烈争议。
近年来，部分中国学校已开始主动下调英语课程和考核要求；在国际英语熟练度排名中，中国的位次也下滑了近50位。这一语言教育路线的争论正与人工智能技术的爆发式发展产生剧烈碰撞——今年夏天，深圳的一所研究型大学宣布逐步取消传统英语课程，理由是**生成式人工智能**（Generative AI: 具备实时文本与语音翻译能力的智能系统）已经能够提供即时、高质量的跨语言转换支持。中国历史专家对此分析指出，当前围绕英语地位的交锋实质上折射出两种截然不同的国家发展愿景：一种主张持续面向全球开放与深度融入国际社会，另一种则更倾向于聚焦本土并向内审视。
Original English Source
And finally, in China, since the late 1970s, schools across the country have embraced teaching English. The language was seen as a key part of efforts to open up China to the rest of the world. And English is one of three core subjects there for students, along with math and Chinese. It takes up a significant amount of classroom time even as there have been questions about how effective the teaching has been. And it counts heavily toward the country's college entrance exam.
But earlier this month a math teacher went on social media to call for English to become optional saying that Chinese people should stop their quote blind worship of foreign imports. That post went viral adding fuel to a growing debate in the country about whether learning English is appropriate and worth the effort.
In the past few years some Chinese schools have been dialing back their English requirements. And according to one ranking of English proficiency in countries around the world, China has fallen nearly 50 spots. Of course this whole debate is also crashing right into the question of AI. This summer one research university in Shenzhen announced that it's phasing out English classes because it said AI can now generate translations in real time.
But one expert on Chinese history told the times that the current language debate also reflects two vastly different visions of China. One where the country is focused on global engagement or one where the nation looks inward.
Those are the headlines. Before we go I just want to shout out another time show that you should put on your playlist Pop Culture the Times pop culture chat show. Now with new episodes every week in audio and video. Catch interviews with big names like Olivia Rodrigo, ASAP Rocky, Rosalia and more. You can listen to that in the Times app and if you are not a Times subscriber yet, you can get every story and every episode we publish right now for free in the app when you download it today. Don't miss out. I'm Tracy Mumford. The headlines will be back tomorrow.