---
author: TED
date: '2026-10-03'
guest: ''
layout: post.njk
source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y64RDBeR19c
speaker: TED
tags:
- accordion
- instrument-acoustics
- music-performance
- classical-music
title: 手风琴的百变之声：重构传统乐器的丰富表现力
summary: 青年手风琴演奏家玛丽亚·捷列舍娃展示了B制式巴扬半音阶手风琴的复杂构造与艺术潜力。通过变音器、下巴开关与风箱控制，手风琴能够惟妙惟肖地模拟管风琴等多种乐器音色，展现古典与现代交融的独特音乐魅力。
insight: ''
draft: true
series: ''
category: culture-history
area: society-thinking
project: []
people: []
companies_orgs: []
products_models: []
media_books: []
status: evergreen
---
### 古典与当代的跨界演绎
艺术表达的界限往往取决于对乐器潜能的发掘。来自俄勒冈州尤金的青年演奏家在拥有十二年手风琴琴龄的背景下，致力于向大众展现手风琴兼具典雅与多变的艺术全貌。在近期受邀参加 **NPR Tiny Desk Concerts**（全国公共广播电台小桌音乐会）期间，她便以手风琴演奏了德国古典大师**约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫**（Johann Sebastian Bach: 著名巴洛克时期作曲家）的经典作品《前奏曲与赋格》（Prelude and Fugue）。这种演绎打破了传统手风琴局限于民间曲调的刻板印象。在专业手风琴演奏家父亲的悉心指导与合作下，演奏曲目得以在极度广阔的谱系间自由穿梭——从巴赫严谨对位的复调音乐，到**甲壳虫乐队**（The Beatles: 英国传奇摇滚乐队）的流行旋律，再到 **AC/DC**（澳大利亚硬摇滚乐队）激昂的摇滚节奏，父女二重奏展示了手风琴跨越不同音乐风格与历史维度的惊人包容度。
Original English Source
Thank you so much and hello everyone. I am 18 years old, and I am from Eugene, Oregon. I've been playing the accordion for about 12 years, and it is such a pleasure to be here and to share the beauty and versatility of my instrument with all of you.
Recently, I had the privilege of performing for NPR's Tiny Desk Concerts. Thank you. And there, I performed the piece that I have just played for you, called "The Prelude and Fugue" by one of my favorite classical composers, Johann Sebastian Bach.
Now I love playing music in many different styles, from Bach to [The] Beatles to AC/DC -- especially in a duet with my father. He is my teacher and a professional accordion player himself.
### 巴扬手风琴的精密构造与发声系统
在演奏终曲前，剖析现代手风琴的内部机制有助于理解其宏大声场的形成。这是一台专业级别的**B制式半音阶纽扣手风琴**（B-system Chromatic Button Accordion: 采用B制式指法排列的纽扣键盘手风琴，常被称为巴扬手风琴）。其机械布局极其精巧紧凑：左手贝司端分布着 **120个键钮**，右手高音区则配置了 **106个键钮**。为了拓展色彩层次，琴体配备了专门的**变音器**（Registers: 改变簧片组合与气道以变换音色的机械装置），能够精准模仿大管（bassoon）、短笛（piccolo）、管风琴（organ）等不同管乐器与簧乐器的声学特征。值得注意的是，这些音色切换机构还在琴体顶部设置了**下颌开关**（Chin Switches: 供演奏者用下巴触碰切换的辅助变音机构），允许双手在不中断高速演奏的情况下实时换色。而连接两侧的**风箱**（Bellows: 乐器中部的折叠送气风囊）则充当着整台乐器的“呼吸肺叶”，通过演奏者持续的推拉推挤气流激荡簧片，从而严密掌控乐曲的强弱动态（Dynamics）。整台琴净重约 **35磅**（约16公斤），操控它既是对体能的持久考验，更是一场高强度的心智与多任务协调训练。
Original English Source
Now before I play my final piece for you, I'd like to briefly familiarize you with this instrument. So this is a professional model of a B-system, chromatic button accordion, which has 120 buttons on the left side and only 106 on the right side. Not that many.
There are also registers over here, which I use to change the tone of the sound, so I can imitate other instruments such as the bassoon, the piccolo, the organ and so on. And they are also duplicated up here. And these are called chin switches, which, as you can guess, I can operate using my chin, like this.
And additionally, this middle part here, which I constantly push and pull, is called the bellows. And the bellows act as the lungs of the accordion since they pump air in and out and control the dynamics. Now considering this instrument weighs about 35 pounds, I would say it's a bit of a workout, as well as an intense brain exercise to handle.
### 早期启蒙与浪漫派艺术沉淀
在理解了复杂的机械构造之后，回溯探索的起点更能体现对这件乐器的纯粹热情。幼年时期，客厅角落里一把微型小手风琴激发了对声音世界的好奇心。在向父亲提出“你能教我弹这个吗？”的提问后，从最基础的和弦配置与简易单音旋律开始摸索，并在这一过程中深深迷恋上了手风琴的声响——哪怕童年时使用的第一台入门乐器音域并不完整、缺乏许多关键音符。得益于身为专业演奏家的父亲兼家庭导师的朝夕相伴与指引，技艺得以迅速精进，从而最终登上了更高水准的国际舞台。在系统性解说了器乐机制与成长历程后，最后的演出转向了浪漫主义时期奥地利作曲家**弗朗茨·舒伯特**（Franz Schubert: 早期浪漫主义音乐代表人物）的经典名作《音乐瞬间》（Moments Musicaux），用巴扬手风琴独特的空气共鸣与织体层次重塑舒伯特细腻诗意的音乐语汇。
Original English Source
And you may be wondering why I chose to play such a unique instrument. Well when I was little, we actually had this tiny little accordion in our living room, and one day I just came up to my dad and said, "Hey, can you teach me how to play this?"
So I started off by learning a few chords and simple melodies, and I just fell in love with the instrument, even though the first-ever accordion I played didn't even have all the notes. So I would say that having a teacher at home living with me also helped me progress pretty quickly, which has brought me to where I am today.
And now I would like to play for you "Moments Musicaux" by composer Franz Schubert.