---
area: "life-family"
category: psychology
companies_orgs: []
date: '2025-04-19'
draft: true
guest: ''
insight: ''
layout: post.njk
media_books:
- The Formation of the Personality
people:
- Socrates
- Aristotle
- Kant
products_models: []
project: []
series: ''
source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYTysaOBIu0
speaker: Anthony看世界
status: evergreen
summary: 本视频深入探讨了无条件的爱这一概念，首先分析了人们对其存在的普遍担忧——认为它不切实际或可能导致堕落。接着，主持人指出中文语境中对“无条件”的理解常偏向“无差别之爱”，并批判了这种仅基于物质照护而非灵魂独特性的爱。文章继而引入西方哲学思想，从苏格拉底、亚里士多德到康德、罗杰斯和克尔凯郭尔，层层递进地阐释了真正的无条件的爱，即信任并欣赏一个人不断展开的生命过程及其内在的复杂性，而非仅基于外在表现或特定品质。最终强调，这种对个体深层自我探索的理解与接纳，才是所有道德的基础和最深刻的爱。
tags:
- culture
- human
- identity
- love
- self
title: 无条件的爱：信任人的复杂性而非盲目无差别
---
### 引言：无条件的爱是否存在？

大家好，我是Anthony，欢迎来到我的频道。有网友一直说希望我多聊聊关于爱的话题，所以今天我想和大家讨论一下，**无条件的爱**（Unconditional Love: 不受任何条件限制的爱）是否存在？如果存在，它又应该是什么样子？

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">Hello everyone, I am Anthony
Welcome to my channel
Some netizens have been saying that they hope I can talk more about love topics.
So today I want to discuss with you
Does unconditional love exist?
If exists
So what should it look like?</p>
</details>

几天前，一位朋友对我说，她希望在伴侣眼中，自己永远是可爱的，无论今天她是快乐还是悲伤，是清醒坚定还是困惑脆弱，对方都能稳定地喜欢她，没有随机的波动和起伏。我认为这是一个非常真实且普遍的愿望。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">A friend said to me a few days ago
I hope I can be in the eyes of my partner.
It's always cute
No matter whether you are happy or sad today
Is it clear and firm or confused and fragile?
The other party can like me steadily
No random fluctuations or ups and downs
I think this is a very real and common desire.</p>
</details>

我曾不止一次听到朋友们表达对无条件的爱的渴望，但人们通常会有以下两种顾虑。

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<p class="english-text">I have heard friends express more than once
The desire for unconditional love
But people usually have these two concerns</p>
</details>

第一种是认为无条件的爱是不切实际的。因为我们都是有限的个体，我的力量、耐心和理解力都不可能是无限的。而且我们的爱似乎总是离不开对某个特质的依恋，例如我喜欢对方的温柔、美丽和智慧，但这些条件在某些时候可能会减弱，那么这种爱就是基于条件的。

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<p class="english-text">One is that unconditional love is unrealistic.
Unrealistic
Because we are all finite individuals.
My strength, patience, and understanding
It is impossible to be endless
And our love
It seems that they are always inseparable from each other.
or traits
For example, I like the other person's gentleness, beauty, and intelligence.
But these conditions may weaken at some point.
Then this kind of love is based on conditions.</p>
</details>

另一方面，如果你的爱不是基于我的特质，那么理论上你可以爱任何人。在这种情况下，你为什么爱我而不是爱别人呢？所以，无条件的爱更像是一种超凡的、超自然的爱，仿佛只有神才能做到。

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<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">On the other hand
If your love for me
It's not based on my traits.
So in theory
You can love anyone
In this case
Why do you love me
Instead of loving others
So unconditional love
More like an extraordinary, supernatural love
As if only God could do it</p>
</details>

另一种常见的顾虑是，认为无条件的爱可能是危险的。假设有人真的能在很大程度上接纳我、喜欢我，那么我会不会因此失去他人的约束和限制，变得更加懒惰和颓废？我内心的一些阴暗想法会不会因此不受控制地冒出来？

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">Another common concern is
Thinking of unconditional love can be dangerous
Assuming someone can really accept me to a great extent
Like me
So will I
Losing the constraints and restrictions of others
And become more lazy and decadent
Some of my dark thoughts
Will it pop up uncontrollably?</p>
</details>

此外，当我习惯了对方对我的无条件的爱之后，我会不会变得更加依赖和脆弱，无法适应现实生活，最终更加依赖对方，甚至被对方操控呢？所以今天的视频，我们就来简单梳理一下这些问题。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">in addition
When I get used to each other
After your unconditional love for me
Will I become more dependent and weaker?
Unable to adapt to real life
Finally, more dependent on each other
Being manipulated by the other party?
So today's video
Let’s briefly sort out these issues.</p>
</details>

### 重新定义“无条件”：文化视角与哲学探讨

事实上，我们之所以觉得无条件的爱如此困难，是因为我们对“无条件”这个词的理解存在偏差。中国人倾向于将“无条件”理解为“无差别”。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">In fact, the reason why we feel
Unconditional love is so difficult
It’s because of our understanding of the word “unconditional”
There is a deviation
Chinese people tend to think unconditionally
Understanding as no difference</p>
</details>

如果说在中国文化中存在类似无条件的爱，这体现在儒家的**仁爱**（Benevolence: 儒家思想中核心的道德范畴，强调人与人之间的友爱、同情和关怀）思想中。例如孟子说“老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼”，《论语》中谈到“泛爱众而亲仁”，“爱众亲仁”等。

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<p class="english-text">If we say that in Chinese culture
There is something like unconditional love
This is reflected in the Confucian idea of ​​benevolence.
For example, Mencius said, "Respect the old as my own, and respect the old of others."
Love your own children as well as other people’s children”
The Analects of Confucius talks about "giving generously to the people and helping the masses"
"Love all people and be close to your family" etc.</p>
</details>

我们暂且不谈这些关于爱的思想是否真的在中国历史上实现过，但这种爱，准确来说，应该被称为**无差别的爱**（Indiscriminate Love: 不区分对象、一视同仁的爱）。它强调的是对人类范畴的广泛认同，即每个人都可以被教化，可以被纳入伦理规范之中，并在此基础上为你提供身体上的照护和滋养。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">Let’s not talk about these thoughts about love
This has never really been realized in Chinese history.
But this kind of love
To be precise, it should be called indiscriminate love
It emphasizes
It is a broad recognition of the category of human beings.
That is, everyone can be taught.
can be incorporated into the ethical code
On this basis
Can provide you with physical care and nurturing.</p>
</details>

但这种照护显然不包括你灵魂的独特性和生命体验的独特理解。例如，“老吾老以及人之老”指的是为老人提供照护，而不是理解和探索老人独特的生命经验。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">But this care
Obviously not including your soul
and a unique understanding of life experience
For example, "Respect the elderly as well as the elderly of others"
It means providing care for the elderly
Rather than understanding and exploring
Unique life experiences of the elderly</p>
</details>

当然，每个人的身体是不同的，例如我身高1米82，你身高1米65，但这种外在的差异总是可量化的、非本质的。但每个人的灵魂是绝对独特的。因此，基于身体照护的爱，往往将人看作是相同的。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">Of course everyone's body is different
For example, I am 1.82 meters tall
You are 1.65 meters tall
However, this external difference is always quantifiable
Non-essential
But everyone's soul is absolutely unique.
Therefore, love based on physical care
Tend to see people as the same</p>
</details>

例如，父母为孩子做饭、买衣服、供孩子上学，却不关心孩子在想什么。父母也觉得，我已经给了这个孩子这么多爱，为什么这个孩子还不听话？因为父母只是把孩子当作一个有身体需求的肉体，至于孩子的精神，则和其他孩子没有太大差别，或者说是非本质的。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">For example, parents cook for their children, buy clothes for them
Support this child to go to school
But I don't care what the kids think.
Parents also feel
I have given this child so much love.
Why is this child still disobedient?
Because parents just put their children
As a physical body with physical needs
As for the child's spirit
It's not much different from other children.
Or non-essential</p>
</details>

但爱本身，首先应该体现在爱对方灵魂和精神的独特性。或许也正是因为中国文化对爱的理解，主要停留在身体层面，因此，中国文化中的爱更容易依附于群体，而非个体。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">But love itself
First of all, it should be reflected in
Love the uniqueness of each other's soul and spirit
Perhaps it is also due to the Chinese culture's understanding of love
It's mainly physical.
therefore
Love in Chinese culture is more likely to be attached to group
Rather than individual</p>
</details>

例如，对“天下苍生”的悲悯，对国家和人民的忧虑，却不擅长爱具体的人，不擅长挖掘个体灵魂的深处。此外，中国文化对母爱的理解，也是一种无差别的爱。母亲是一个无私、稳定的身体照护者，可以照护很多孩子，辛劳付出，即使不喜欢也会忍耐，这当然是值得尊敬的，但它不一定是精神层面的爱。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">for example
Compassion for "all people in the world" and concern for the country and the people
But not good at loving specific people
Not good at digging into the depths of the individual soul
In addition, the Chinese culture understands maternal love
It is also indiscriminate love
Mother
Is a selfless and stable physical caregiver
Can take care of many children
hard working
Even if I don't like it, I will tolerate it.
Of course it's respectable.
But it is not necessarily a spiritual love</p>
</details>

人们之所以会想象那种无差别的爱，也是因为厌倦了现实中基于奖惩的差异化之爱。例如，你考试考得好，父母就会表扬你、肯定你；你表现不好，你的爱人就对你冷淡。于是，当事人形成了这样的信念：别人爱我，不是因为我就是我，而是因为我满足了他们的期待。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">The reason why people imagine that kind of indiscriminate love
It's also because I'm fed up with the differences in reality.
Love based on rewards and punishments
For example, if you do well on the test
Your parents will praise you and affirm you.
You're not doing well
Your lover treats you coldly
then
The parties formed this belief
Others love me
Not because I am myself
Because I met their expectations.</p>
</details>

然而，这种成就是不稳定和暂时的，我今天能做到，明天可能就做不到。我始终活在对自身价值的焦虑和怀疑之中。于是我开始渴望有人能不再基于我的表现来爱我，我希望对方能给我一种不分对错、不加区分的爱。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">However
This achievement is always unstable and temporary.
I can achieve my goal today
Tomorrow may not be the case
I'm still alive
Anxiety and doubt about one's own value
So I began to long for someone
Stop loving me based on my performance
I hope the other party can give me a sense of right and wrong.
Love without distinction</p>
</details>

当然，这种爱总是比基于奖惩的爱要温柔和高级，而且在现实中，能得到这种爱的人也不多。但这种爱仍然不是最深刻的，因为它也没有真正看到“我”是谁，没有建立起能区分我的差异和发展，并在我的差异中，始终忠于“我”的爱与信任的更高层次的爱。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">Of course this kind of love
It is always better than the love based on rewards and punishments.
To be gentler and more advanced
And in reality, not many people can get this kind of love
But this kind of love is still not the deepest
Because it also doesn't really see who I am
No one has been established
It can distinguish my differences and development
And in my differences
Stay true to who I am
A higher level of love with liking and trusting</p>
</details>

也就是说，真正的无条件的爱不是对差异视而不见，而是在差异之中保持对同一性的信任。要理解这种爱，我们必须首先回答这个问题：人在经历了所有的变化之后，是否仍然有一个“我”是保持不变的？

<details>
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<p class="english-text">That is to say
True unconditional love is not blind to differences
It is to maintain trust in identity in the midst of difference.
Understand this kind of love
We must first answer this question
After all the changes people have gone through
Is there still a me that remains the same?</p>
</details>

也就是说，一个人历经成长、挣扎、改变、跌入低谷，是否仍然能保持某种核心的连贯性？这种连贯性不只是始终开朗、美丽等一致性，而是一种更深层的目的和倾向，即**同一性**（Identity: 指个体在时间、空间和社会关系中保持的自我连续性和独特感）。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">That is to say
Can a person grow, struggle, change, and go through the trough?
Still maintaining some core coherence
This coherence
It's not just consistency.
For example, always cheerful and beautiful
It is a deeper purpose and tendency.
Identity</p>
</details>

这是一个西方哲学中由来已久的问题。例如，人体是由细胞组成的，每个细胞都有自己的生命周期，每隔一段时间，很多细胞就会完成一轮新陈代谢，构成我身体的细胞可能已经和几年前不同了，但我为什么仍然认为我就是我，而不是变成了另一个人呢？

<details>
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<p class="english-text">This is a long-standing question in Western philosophy.
for example
The human body is made up of cells
Each cell has its own life cycle.
Every once in a while
Many cells will complete a round of metabolism
The cells that make up my body
Maybe it’s different than it was a few years ago.
But why do I still think I am me?
Instead of becoming someone else?</p>
</details>

当然，一个客体总是由它的构成所组成，离开了它的构成，很难说这个客体存在。但是，仅仅是构成就能让这个客体存在吗？例如，我们用几块积木搭建了一个宫殿，然后又用这些积木搭建了一座桥梁。构成在这个过程中没有变化，但宫殿显然和桥梁不是一回事。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">certainly
An object
It is always composed of its components
Left its build
It is difficult to say that this object exists.
But
Can construction alone bring this object into existence?
for example
We built a palace with several blocks
Then I built a bridge with these blocks.
The build did not change during this process
But a palace is obviously not the same as a bridge</p>
</details>

再例如，一根香蕉摆在我们面前，我们可以用眼睛看到形状和颜色，用嘴巴尝到味道，用手触摸到它，但我们看不到香蕉本身。因为“香蕉”这个概念存在于我们的头脑中，虽然某根具体的香蕉可能会腐烂、会被吃掉，但“香蕉”这个概念不随时间和空间而改变，它能够保持统一性。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">For example
A banana is placed in front of us
We can see shapes and colors with our eyes
Can taste with mouth
Can touch it with your hands
But we can't see the banana itself
Because the concept of "banana"
In our minds
Although a particular banana may be rotten,
Will be eaten
But the concept of "banana" does not change with time and space
And change
It is possible to maintain unity</p>
</details>

人也是如此。**苏格拉底**（Socrates: 古希腊哲学家，西方哲学的奠基者之一）认为，人的行为虽然受血肉之躯的影响，但归根结底是服务于他的目的。肢体和血肉只是工具，人的身体也是为了某个目的而设计的。他说：“……因为眼睛非常娇嫩，就用眼睑来保护它，像两扇门一样，在需要视觉时打开，在睡觉时闭合，又使睫毛像窗帘一样生长，以免风伤害眼睛……”这让人觉得这必然是经过安排和计划的，才能使这一切恰到好处地组合在一起。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">The same is true for people
Socrates believed
Human Action
Though affected by his flesh and blood
But in the final analysis, it serves his purpose
Limbs and flesh are only tools
The human body is also designed for a purpose.
He said: "...because the eyes are very delicate
Just use your eyelids to protect it
Like two doors
Open when visual is necessary
And close it when you sleep
And make the eyelashes grow like curtains
Lest the wind hurt your eyes..."
This makes people feel that this must have been arranged and planned
To make it all fit together just right</p>
</details>

苏格拉底将人的本质归结为灵魂，而非身体。他认为，灵魂可以脱离身体而存在，是永恒不朽的事物，也就是说，灵魂是人的“不变”之物。人拥有神赋予的灵魂和目的，因此有了“认识你自己”这句箴言。在苏格拉底看来，只要认识到自己的目的，将注意力从身体的物质性上移开，转向不可见的目的和思想，就能认识自己。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">Socrates attributed the essence of man to the soul
Not the body
He believes
The soul can exist apart from the body
Immortal things
That is, the soul is the "unchanging" thing of a person.
Man has a soul and purpose given by God
Hence the motto "know thyself"
In Socrates' view
As long as you know your purpose
Take your attention away from the physical nature
Turning to invisible purpose and thought</p>
</details>

**亚里士多德**（Aristotle: 古希腊哲学家，柏拉图的学生，亚历山大大帝的老师）则用“**质料因**（Material Cause: 事物由什么构成）”和“**形式因**（Formal Cause: 事物的本质或形式）”来解释这个问题。在他看来，万事万物的原因可以归结为四种：质料因、形式因、**动力因**（Efficient Cause: 引起事物变化的直接原因）和**目的因**（Final Cause: 事物存在的目的或目标）。这四种原因中，主要是质料因和形式因。亚里士多德认为形式因比质料因更重要、更本质。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">Aristotle used the terms "material cause" and "formal cause"
To explain this problem
In his opinion
The causes of all things can be attributed to four reasons
Material cause, formal cause, efficient cause and final cause
These four causes are mainly material cause and formal cause.
Aristotle believed that formal cause is more important than material cause.
More important and essential</p>
</details>

一位诗人将一首诗写在纸上，这首诗的质料是墨水和纸张，但这首诗的形式音是文字的组织形式。显然，这首诗的本质在于它的形式，即使它被刻在石头上，或者输入到电脑中，也不影响它是一首好诗的事实，诗本身仍然保留着它的同一性。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">A poet wrote a poem on paper
The material of this poem is ink and paper
But the formal sound of this poem is the organizational form of the text
Obviously the essence of this poem lies in its form
Even though it's carved in stone
Or entered into the computer
It doesn't affect the fact that it is a good poem.
The poem itself still retains its identity</p>
</details>

就人而言，虽然人的生存需要物质基础，人对世界的认识也离不开感官经验，然而，感官经验只是认识的媒介，而非其来源。统一和整合感官经验的，是人内在的理性灵魂。当然，人比任何自然客体都要复杂得多，人的生命似乎在不断变化，但这些变化并非随机的，它围绕着某种深层的目的。

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">In terms of people
Although human survival requires material foundation
Human knowledge of the world cannot be separated from sensory experience
However
Sensory experience is only a medium of knowledge, not its source.
Unifying and integrating sensory experiences
It is the rational soul within man.
certainly
Humans are much more complex than any natural object.
People's lives seem to be constantly changing
But these changes are not random.
It revolves around some deep purpose.</p>
</details>

真正的“我”不只是此刻的我，它是一个从过去延伸到未来，不断成长和展开的生命。我的过去和未来并非分离，而是构成了一个有机的生命叙事，一条连贯的精神曲线。我当下的思想和观点，都凝聚了我过去所有的生命经验。正如我们在4月12日的视频中所说，一个人的哲学观，看似是理性思考的产物，但事实上，往往来自于他的情感结构和生命经验，很多哲学家一生所思，都是对他早年经历的呼应，只是用更复杂的语言和逻辑包装起来。

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<p class="english-text">The real "I" is not just me at this moment
It is a stretch from the past to the future.
A life that continues to grow and unfold
My past and future are not separate
Instead, it constitutes an organic life narrative
A coherent spiritual curve
My current thoughts and views
All my past life experiences are condensed
As we said in our video on April 12th
One's philosophical view
Seemingly the product of rational thinking
But in fact
Often comes from his emotional structure and life experience
Many philosophers have been thinking about their lives
They are all echoes of my early experiences.
It's just more complex language and logic.
Wrapping Up</p>
</details>

### 真正的无条件的爱：信任与欣赏人的复杂性

所以，无条件的爱应该包括对这种展开过程的信任和欣赏。这种欣赏高于对所有具体美德和能力的欣赏。我爱对方的个人历史，他生命展开的过程和方式。这种叙事是动态的、不断演变的，它趋向于复杂，但无论对方如何发展，我都能欣赏对方的发展。即使对方发展成一个他自己都不确定的方向，但我相信，对方在这个过程中会趋向于忠于自己。

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<p class="english-text">So unconditional love
Should include
Trust and appreciation for this unfolding process
This appreciation
It is higher than the appreciation of all specific virtues and abilities.
I love the other person's personal history
The process and manner in which his life unfolded
This narrative is dynamic and evolving.
tends to be complicated
But no matter how the other side develops
I can appreciate the other person's development.
Even if the parties develop into a
He himself is not sure of the direction
But I believe
The other person will tend to be true to himself in this process.</p>
</details>

从这个意义上说，我们称之为“无条件”，那就是爱一个人的复杂性和可能性，并鼓励这种复杂性和可能性。当然，这首先要求你看到一个人的复杂性。这种建立在复杂性之上的爱，事实上超越了我们对爱的普遍理解。

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<p class="english-text">In this sense
We say it is unconditional.
That is the complexity and possibility of loving someone
And encourage this complexity and possibility
Of course
This first requires you to see the complexity of a person
This love built on complexity
In fact, it goes beyond our general understanding of love.</p>
</details>

对爱的普遍理解，往往是建立在特定的道德品质或能力之上。例如，我爱她的善良、财富、同情心，我欣赏她思想的深刻和价值观等等。这些当然是宝贵的品质，然而，这些都只是现象层面的。在这些现象之上，人还有一种**本体论道德**（Ontological Morality: 康德哲学中指基于理性自律而非经验或结果的道德），它是一种持续的自我探索过程。

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<p class="english-text">General understanding of love
Often based on specific moral qualities
Or above ability
For example, I love her kindness, wealth, and compassion.
I admire her for her profound thoughts and values.
etc.
These are certainly valuable qualities.
However, these are only phenomenal.
On top of these phenomena
Humans also have a kind of ontological morality</p>
</details>

这种探索可能会让一个人越来越复杂，甚至否定自己的想法，让当事人更加困惑。但这种变化和复杂性，才是一个人最深层、最内在的部分。这有点类似于**康德**（Immanuel Kant: 德国哲学家，批判哲学创始人）所说的本体论德性。康德认为，在现实生活中，通过教育和习俗所促成的道德行为，只是**现象德性**（Phenomenal Virtue: 基于经验、习俗或外在条件的道德表现）。在本体论层面，始终存在着一种自由的可能性，这种永不丧失的超越可能性，才是真正的实体德性，一个人更真实的自我。

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<p class="english-text">It is a continuous process of self-exploration.
This exploration
It may make a person more and more complicated
Even denying your own ideas
Makes the parties more confused
But this change and complexity
The deepest and innermost part of a person
This is somewhat similar to what Kant calls the virtue of ontology.
Kant believes
In real life
Moral behavior promoted through education and custom
It is just the virtue of phenomenon
At the ontological level
There is always a possibility of freedom
This never-lost possibility of transcendence
This is the true virtue of the entity
A person's truer self</p>
</details>

当然，这听起来仍然有点抽象，我给大家举个例子。**罗杰斯**（Carl Rogers: 美国心理学家，人本主义心理学的主要代表人物）在《人格的形成》中列举了人成为真实自我的多种方式，例如远离人格面具、不再迎合他人期待等等。但他特别提到了三个标准：一是“**朝向生成过程的转化**（Transformation towards a generative process: 指个体不断发展、演变和创造新自我的过程）”，二是“**转向存在性复杂性**（Turn to existential complexity: 指个体能够接纳并整合自身及世界的复杂、矛盾和不确定性）”，最后一个是“**转向经验开放性**（Openness to experience: 指个体对内在感受和外在经验持开放、接纳的态度）”。

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<p class="english-text">Of course, this still sounds a bit abstract.
I will give you an example.
Rogers in "The Formation of the Personality"
Listed
The many ways a person can be their true self
Stay away from personality masks
Stop meeting other people's expectations, etc.
But he specifically mentioned three criteria:
One is "transformation towards a generative process"
Another is "the turn to existential complexity"
The last one is "turning to openness to experience"</p>
</details>

当然，这三个标准在我看来是同一回事。什么是朝向生成过程的转化？连罗杰斯都觉得难以描述。他说：我们没有一个非常合适的现成词语来表达这种感觉，但当事人似乎变得更加开放，成为一个过程，一种流动性，一种变化。一位当事人说：当我在这里，当我不再能预测自己的行为时，事情肯定在变化。我甚至惊讶于自己说出这些话，我每次都看到一些新的东西，这是一场冒险。

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<p class="english-text">certainly
These three standards seem to me to be the same.
What is the process of transformation towards becoming?
Even Rogers found it hard to describe
He said: We don't have a very suitable ready-made word
Express this feeling
But the parties seem to be more open
Becoming a process
A fluidity, a change
One party said:
When I'm here
When I can no longer predict my own behavior
Things are definitely changing.
I am even surprised that I say these things
I see something new every time
It’s an adventure</p>
</details>

也就是说，他开始将自己作为一个流动的过程来欣赏。正如**克尔凯郭尔**（Søren Kierkegaard: 丹麦哲学家，存在主义的先驱）所说：“一个真实的个体，不断地在形成之中，对他来说，这就像对一位作家来说，如同他的写作风格一样，因为我还没有完成任何事情，人格只是一种风格，就这样，最常见的表达，通过反复重生，成为他的新存在。”

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<p class="english-text">That is to say
He began to
Appreciate it as a flowing process
As Kierkegaard put it:
"A real individual
Continuously in the process of forming
For him
It's like for a writer
Same as his writing style
Because I haven't accomplished anything.
Personality is just a style
In this way, the most common expression
Through repeated rebirth
Become his new existence"</p>
</details>

存在性复杂性和经验开放性指的是，来访者越来越能够开放、友善和接纳。这其实是不容易的。当一个人感受到某种长期被自己压抑，或者与自己自我认同不符的情绪时，他起初往往会抗拒和否认，直到他在一种接纳和宽容的氛围中，才逐渐开始体验这些情绪。

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<p class="english-text">The complexity of existence and openness to experience
refers to
The client is increasingly able to
Be open, friendly and accepting
This is actually not easy
When a person feels something
Long suppressed by oneself
Or when the emotions do not match your own self-identity
He often resists and denies at first.
Until he is in an atmosphere of acceptance and tolerance
To gradually begin to experience these emotions</p>
</details>

这些情绪可能会将人引向一个未知的方向，然而，只要一个人感受到无条件的关注和爱，他就会意识到，这种新的经验是一种友善的资源，而非可怕的敌人。

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<p class="english-text">These emotions
May lead people in an unknown direction
However, as long as a person feels
Unconditional attention and love
He will realize
This new experience is a friendly resource
Rather than a terrible enemy</p>
</details>

### 拥抱复杂性：超越纯粹的爱恨

可以举一个例子。例如，我有一位朋友对他的父亲非常愤怒，他觉得自己在成长过程中没有得到父亲足够的接纳和关爱，经历了很多创伤。但有一天他突然发现，自己似乎在刻意压抑最近一次和父亲的聊天。在那次聊天中，他们相处得非常融洽。他发现回忆和讲述这些事情，反而有些温柔，似乎比讲述创伤更困难。

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<p class="english-text">An example of this can be given
for example
A friend of mine was very angry with his father.
He feels that he is growing up
Not getting enough acceptance and care from my father
Experiencing a lot of trauma
But one day he suddenly discovered
I seem to be deliberately suppressing
A recent chat with my father
In that chat
They get along very well.
He found that recalling and telling these things was somewhat tender.
It seems more difficult to talk about than to talk about the trauma</p>
</details>

虽然这些记忆并没有让他减少对父亲的恨意，但却让他的情绪不再那么纯粹，而趋向于复杂。为什么温柔比创伤更难以表达？这其实很常见。当我们恨一个人或一群人，并沉浸在这种认同中时，我们也会忽略与自己身份不符的内在经验。因为一旦这些经验被唤起，我们可能会怀疑，自己的愤怒是否正当？

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">Although
These memories did not make him hate his father any less
But it made his emotions less pure
It tends to be more complicated
Why is tenderness more difficult to express than trauma?
This is actually very common
When we hate a person or group of people
And immersed in this recognition
We will also ignore
Inner experiences that are inconsistent with your identity
Because once these experiences are evoked
We may doubt
Is your anger justified?</p>
</details>

另一位朋友对中国的官僚体制和意识形态持有负面看法。然而，从某一天起，她近距离接触了很多公务员和警察，和他们相处，她的情感开始变得复杂。她觉得每个人都是活生生的、有自己情感和理性的个体，并非不近人情的螺丝钉和机器，人性是普遍的，至少没有那么大的差异。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">Another friend
On Chinese Bureaucracy and Ideology
Having negative perception
However, from one day
She has close access to many civil servants and police officers
Spend time with them
Her feelings began to become complicated.
She feels that everyone is alive.
Individuals with their own emotions and rationality
Screws and machines are not unreasonable
Human nature is universal
At least not that big of a difference</p>
</details>

虽然她仍然对中国的体制持有负面看法，但这种近距离的接触经验，也让她的情感变得更加复杂和细腻。她不再有强烈的仇恨或妖魔化的恐惧，她的情感从意识形态的两极化，转向了对普遍人性的更高层次理解。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">Although
She still has a negative view of China's system
But this close proximity experience
It also makes her emotions more complex and delicate.
Although
She still has a negative view of the Chinese system
But she
No intense hatred or demonized fear
Her emotions
From the ideological polarity
Turning to a higher level understanding of universal human nature</p>
</details>

从上面的讨论我们可以看到，趋向于复杂和细腻的情感，会让我们感受到自己的内在，无论是爱还是恨，或者善恶的观念，都不再那么纯粹。我可能曾以为我的正义体现在与邪恶的斗争中，但如果邪恶的东西没那么邪恶，只是放松了一点点，那么我的正义是否仍然正当？当事人可能会怀疑，我是否背叛了某种神圣的信念？背叛了我的群体？我是否变得不道德和邪恶？当我从那种强烈的爱恨中抽离出来时，我还是我自己吗？

<details>
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<p class="english-text">From the above discussion we can see that
Tends toward complex and delicate emotions
It will make us feel our inner self
Whether it is love or hate
Or the concept of good and evil
It's not so pure anymore.
I might have thought
My justice is reflected in the fight against evil
But if evil things weren't so evil
Just relaxed a little bit
So is my justice still justified?
The parties may doubt
Have I betrayed some sacred belief?
Betrayed my group
Have I become immoral and evil?
When I came out of that intense love and hate
When you pull out
Am I still myself?</p>
</details>

然而，这种趋向于复杂和开放性，在我看来是神奇的。虽然这种趋向于复杂和丰富，似乎会让人变得不纯粹、变得犹豫，似乎与我们所认识的道德不符。然而，这种状态其实是所有道德的基础。我们日常生活中所理解的道德，都建立在某种纯粹的想象之上，或者说，它都是特殊主义的道德。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">However, this tendency towards complexity and openness
It seems magical to me.
Although
This tendency towards complexity and richness
It seems that it will make people become impure
Become hesitant
It doesn't seem to be the same as the morality we know.
However
This state is actually the foundation of all morality
Morality as we understand it in everyday life
All based on a certain kind of pure imagination
Or in other words, it is all particularistic morality</p>
</details>

例如，忠诚必须是坚定不移的，绝对的爱应该是全然的付出和奉献，没有算计和考量，勇敢意味着从不害怕，没有丝毫犹豫和退缩。然而，这些看似高尚和清晰的道德，并非建立在对人真实心理的洞察之上。如果我们忽略了人的复杂性，对自身的丰富性和阴影没有全然的接纳和觉察，那么所有的道德都无法维系。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">For example, loyalty must be unwavering.
Absolute love should be total giving and dedication
No calculation or consideration
Being brave means never being afraid
There was no hesitation or retreat.
However
These seem noble and clear morals
It is not based on the insight into people's true psychology.
If we ignore the complexity of human beings,
Full acceptance and awareness of one’s own richness and shadow
Then all morality cannot sustain itself</p>
</details>

因此，这种无所畏惧的自我探索，才是一个人最深刻、最值得欣赏的部分。而另一个人能够理解和接纳这种状态，能够欣赏另一个人成为自己的过程，在我看来，这就是无条件的爱。

<details>
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<p class="english-text">Therefore, this fearless self-exploration
It is the most profound and most worthy of appreciation of a person.
And an other can understand and accept this state
Ability to appreciate another person
The process of becoming yourself
In my opinion
This is unconditional love</p>
</details>

当然，人在一起，不可能只有纯粹的精神连接，我们任何一段关系，很大程度上都离不开生活的柴米油盐、琐碎和现实的事物。纯粹的精神交流的比例可能不会很高，但这是首先是有和没有的区别。即使这种纯粹的精神共鸣和信任，只有短暂而微弱，我们的关系也超越了功能性的互助，它们是彼此灵魂的见证者。

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<p class="english-text">Of course people are together
It is impossible to have a purely spiritual connection
Any of our relationships
To a large extent
They are inseparable from the daily necessities of life.
Trivial and realistic things
The proportion of purely spiritual communication may not be very high
But this is first of all the difference between having and not having
Even if this kind of pure spiritual resonance and trust
Only short-lived and weak
Our Relationship
It goes beyond the functional mutual assistance.
They are witnesses to each other's souls.</p>
</details>

今天的视频就到这里。如果你有任何困惑或问题想与我交流，可以直接联系我的邮箱进行预约。例如，你想和我讨论一篇文章或一段文字、一个视频、一个社会现象，或者你的日记，请提前将相关文字发给我，我会在正式交流前阅读。或者你想和我讨论你的生命经验、困惑和情感，都是可以的。如果你对隐私、安全、支付和交流方式有任何疑问，也请及时告诉我。如果你无法支付或加入会员，也请联系我，我会提供其他方式。具体请参考这张图片。

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<p class="english-text">That’s all for today’s video.
If you have any confusion or questions
Want to communicate with me
Just contact my email directly
for example
You want to discuss an article or a paragraph with me
A video, a social phenomenon
Or your diary
Please send me the relevant text in advance.
I will read it before the formal communication
Or you want to discuss your life experience with me
Confusion and emotion
All are possible
If you are concerned about privacy, security
Any questions about payment and communication methods
Please also tell me in time
If you are unable to pay or join the membership
Please contact me too
I will provide other ways
Please refer to this picture for details</p>
</details>

我将把这个视频放到“心理学与教育”的列表中，也推荐大家查看这个列表中的其他视频。感谢观看，再见！

<details>
<summary>View/Hide Original English</summary>
<p class="english-text">I will post this video
Put it in the list of "Psychology and Education"
Also recommend to everyone
Check out my other videos in this list
Thank you for watching, goodbye!</p>
</details>