美国政府停摆:参议院通过支出法案
来自《纽约时报》的头条新闻。我是Will Jarvis,代班Tracy Mumford。今天是11月11日星期二。以下是我们今天将要报道的内容。
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From the New York Times, it's the headlines. I'm Will Jarvis in for Tracy Mumford. Today's Tuesday, November 11th. Here's what we're covering.
“关于这项投票。赞成票60票,反对票40票。经修订的法案获得通过。”昨天在国会山(Capitol Hill: 美国国会所在地,也是美国立法机构的代称),立法者们朝着结束正在进行的政府停摆(Government shutdown: 美国政府因国会未能通过拨款法案而暂停非必要服务的状态)又迈出了关键一步,参议院最终批准了一项旨在重新开放政府的支出方案(Spending package: 一项立法,旨在为政府机构和项目提供资金)。
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on this vote. The eyes's are 60, the nays are 40. The bill, as amended, is passed. On Capitol Hill yesterday, lawmakers took another crucial step towards ending the ongoing shutdown as the Senate gave its final approval for a spending package to reopen the government.
“至此,在经历了六周的煎熬后,我将停止发言,让大家都能休息一下。总统先生,我将发言权交还给您。”
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And with that, after six excruciating weeks, I will stop talking and let all of you get some rest. Mr. President, I yield the floor.
接下来,这项措施将提交给众议院,众议员们已经经历了近两个月的休会期(Recess: 立法机构暂停会议的时期)。议长(Speaker: 美国众议院的领导人)Mike Johnson已要求他们立即返回华盛顿。最早可能在明天进行投票。随后,该法案将送交特朗普总统,他表示愿意签署该法案,从而结束美国历史上最长的政府停摆。
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Next, the measure will go to the House, where members have been on a nearly two-month recess. Speaker Mike Johnson has told them to return to Washington immediately. A vote there could happen tomorrow at the earliest. Then the bill would head to President Trump, who said he's willing to sign it and end the longest shutdown in US history.
民主党内部对妥协方案的强烈反弹
与此同时,他们正在“掠夺中产阶级家庭和贫困家庭的医疗保健,以便为那些已经拥有太多财富的人支付减税费用。”打破僵局(Log jam: 指谈判或进展中遇到的阻碍或停滞状态)的妥协方案,即少数几位民主党党团(Democratic caucus: 民主党在国会中的成员团体)参议员与共和党人投票,引发了强烈反弹。
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Meanwhile, they're looting the health care for middle class families, poor families, in order to pay for tax breaks for people who already have too much. The compromise that broke the log jam where a handful of senators in the Democratic caucus voted with Republicans has set off intense backlash.
“美国人民希望我们阻止这场医疗保健抢劫。他们不希望民主党人成为‘接应车’的司机。”
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The American people want us to stop this healthc care heist. They don't want Democrats to be driving the getaway car.
许多民主党人对八名参议员打破党派立场,放弃了该党的核心要求——为超过2000万美国人延长医疗保健补贴(Healthcare subsidies: 政府为帮助个人支付医疗保险费用而提供的经济援助)——感到愤怒。一些人指责他们助长了特朗普的议程,并背叛了他们的选民(Constituents: 选区内有权投票的居民)。值得注意的是,这八名参议员都能承受政治上的打击。其中两人即将退休,其余人明年无需面临连任选举。
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Many Democrats are furious about the fact that eight senators broke ranks and dropped what had been the party's central demand, an extension of healthc care subsidies for over 20 million Americans. Some accused them of enabling Trump's agenda and betraying their constituents. Notably, all eight of those senators could afford to take a political hit. Two are retiring and the others are not up for re-election next year.
今天在《纽约时报》的政治记者Shane Goldmaker与Michael Barbaro讨论了政府停摆的政治以及民主党所做的权衡。民主党明确提出了他们认为对该党有利的两个议题。第一个是医疗保健,第二个是通过医疗保健体现的负担能力。这些议题在过去几周一直是主要讨论话题,这对于在华盛顿没有权力的少数党来说是很难做到的。他们通过政府停摆来做到这一点,并提升这些议题,希望在停摆结束后,选民会认为:“哦,这个党派确实在这些问题上为我而战。”
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Today on the daily times political correspondent Shane Goldmaker talks with Michael Barbaro about the politics of the shutdown and the trade-offs that Democrats have made. The Democratic Party has clearly elevated two issues that it feels are the winning issues for the party. The first is healthcare and the second is affordability told through healthcare. Those have been the dominant topic of conversation for weeks, which is pretty hard to pull off when you're the minority party with no power in Washington. And it took a shutdown for them to do that and for them to elevate those issues in hopes that long past the shutdown, voters will think, oh, that's the party that's actually fighting for me on those issues.
对吗?所以那是账本的一边,好的一面。
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Right? So that's one side of the ledger, the good side.
那是好的一面。这场斗争的风险在于,它抬高了人们的期望,让他们以为真的会赢,但他们并没有得到那些结果。
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That's the good side. The risk of that fight was inflating people's expectations that they were actually going to win something and they didn't get those outcomes.
支出法案中的争议条款:议员可起诉政府
除了朝着结束政府停摆迈进,参议院通过的支出法案还包括另一项条款,可能允许一些立法者从政府那里个人收取高达50万美元。
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Beyond moving towards ending the shutdown, the spending bill passed by the Senate also includes another provision that could let some lawmakers personally collect up to half a million dollars from the government.
这项措施为参议员们创建了一条新的法律途径,如果联邦调查人员在未通知他们的情况下搜查了他们的电话记录,他们可以提起诉讼。目前尚不清楚是谁将该条款加入法案的,但该条款追溯生效(Retroactive: 法律或规定适用于其生效日期之前的事件或行为)至2022年。这意味着少数在任的共和党人可能会提起诉讼并获得赔偿。他们的电话记录,例如拨打的号码和通话时长等信息,在针对1月6日国会山袭击事件(January 6th attack on the Capitol: 2021年1月6日,一群支持特朗普的示威者冲击美国国会大厦的事件)的调查中被传唤(Subpoenaed: 法院命令某人出庭或提交文件)。立法者直到两年后才被正式告知这些传票。共和党立法者表示,获取这些记录是不恰当的“监视”。
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The measure creates a new legal pathway for senators to sue if federal investigators search their phone records without notifying them. It's not clear who added the language to the bill, but the provision is retroactive to 2022. That means that a handful of sitting Republicans could potentially sue and get the payout. Their phone records, things like what numbers were called and how long calls lasted, were subpoenaed as part of the investigation into the January 6th attack on the capital. Lawmakers were not formally notified about the subpoenas until 2 years later. Republican lawmakers said that accessing those records was inappropriate spying.
与此同时,一位民主党参议员表示,新条款“将一项合理的政府监控保护措施,包裹在了一项不可接受的、用纳税人的钱向共和党参议员输送利益的条款中。”
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One Democratic senator, meanwhile, said the new provision, quote, takes a reasonable protection against government surveillance and wraps it in an unacceptable giveaway of your tax dollars to Republican senators.
特朗普的赦免潮与2020年大选争议
在白宫,特朗普总统正在发布一连串的赦免(Pardons: 总统或州长免除某人因犯罪所受惩罚的权力),对政治盟友和长期支持者给予宽恕(Clemency: 总统或州长减轻或免除罪犯刑罚的权力,包括赦免、减刑等)。最近几天,他悄然赦免了一位共和党国会议员的丈夫,该丈夫曾承认医疗保健欺诈罪;以及田纳西州政治界两位因公职腐败(Public corruption: 公职人员滥用职权谋取私利的行为)被判有罪的知名共和党人。特朗普还动用其赦免权,帮助了几位被指控试图推翻2020年大选结果(Overturn the 2020 election: 指试图通过非法手段改变2020年美国总统选举结果的行为)的关键人物。这其中包括他的前律师Rudy Giuliani,以及散布毫无根据的阴谋论(Baseless conspiracy theories: 缺乏证据支持的、关于秘密计划或事件的理论)称投票机被操纵的Cydney Powell,以及一些试图改变选举结果的低调官员。
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At the White House, President Trump has been issuing a flurry of pardons, granting clemency to political allies and longtime supporters. In recent days, he quietly issued a pardon for the husband of a Republican congresswoman who pleaded guilty to healthc care fraud and two prominent Republicans in Tennessee politics who are found guilty of public corruption. Trump has also deployed his pardon power to help several key figures accused of trying to overturn the 2020 election. That includes Rudy Giuliani, his former lawyer, Cydney Powell, who pushed baseless conspiracy theories about rigged voting machines, and a number of lower profile officials who tried to change election results. Many of the people Trump pardoned still face prosecutions at the state level.
许多被特朗普赦免的人仍然面临州一级的起诉。因此,特朗普的联邦赦免在很大程度上被视为象征性的,但它们突显了总统为了维持2020年大选被操纵的谎言,愿意走多远。自2017年首次上任以来,特朗普一直绕过一项长期存在的程序,即宽恕申请会经过正式审查,而是以一种随心所欲的方式发放赦免和减刑(Commutations: 总统或州长减轻罪犯刑期的权力)。在他第一个任期内,至少有八名获得特朗普宽恕的罪犯再次被指控犯罪。一名因贩毒和洗钱(Money laundering: 将非法所得资金通过各种手段合法化的行为)入狱的男子,在2021年因与特朗普女婿的关系而获得减刑。他周一再次出庭,被控性侵和人身攻击,并被判处两年多监禁。
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So Trump's federal pardons are largely seen as symbolic, but they underscore just how far the president is willing to go to sustain the lie that the 2020 election was rigged. Since he first took office in 2017, Trump has sidestepped a long-standing process where clemency applications are formerly reviewed, instead handing out pardons and commutations in a freewheeling manner. And at least eight convicts Trump granted clemency to in his first term have been charged with crimes again. One man who was jailed for drug trafficking and moneyaundering had his sentence commuted in 2021 thanks to connections to Trump's son-in-law. He was back in court on Monday, accused of sexual and physical assault and sentenced to more than 2 years in prison.
加拿大麻疹疫情:疫苗接种率下降引发担忧
周一,公共卫生官员宣布,加拿大已正式失去其麻疹清除状态(Measles elimination status: 世界卫生组织认定一个国家已成功阻止麻疹病毒传播的状态),原因在于疫苗接种率下降和疾病激增。根据世界卫生组织(World Health Organization: 联合国下属的国际公共卫生机构)的规定,如果一种疾病在一年多时间内不受控制地传播,一个国家就会失去清除状态。
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On Monday, public health officials announced that Canada has officially lost its status as having eliminated measles amid a downturn in vaccination rates and a surge in the disease. According to the World Health Organization, a country loses elimination status if a disease spreads unchecked for more than a year.
“我们将从麻疹开始,因为全国各地的病例都在增加。”
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We're going to start with measles because cases are on the rise right across the country.
“随着麻疹病例数量持续增长,各省发出了更多警告。”
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More warnings from the provinces as the number of cases of measles continues to grow.
“报告了二十多例新的麻疹感染病例,卫生官员认为可能还有更多未被发现的病例。”
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More than two dozen new measles infections were reported and health officials believe there are likely going to be more undetected.
在过去12个月里,加拿大有超过5000例麻疹病例。这场疫情是由政治和公共卫生的冲突造成的,因为在后疫情时代(Post-pandemic era: 指全球新冠疫情大流行之后的一段时期),反对疫苗接种的呼声越来越高。最新数据显示,只有不到80%的加拿大7岁儿童完全接种了麻疹疫苗,远低于专家认为阻止病毒传播所需的95%阈值(95% threshold: 专家认为达到群体免疫所需的人口疫苗接种比例)。加拿大病例最集中的地区是西部省份艾伯塔省,那里的政治家强调个人自由以拒绝疫苗接种,保守派省长甚至称未接种疫苗的人是该地区“最受歧视的群体”。
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In the past 12 months in Canada, there have been more than 5,000 cases of measles. An outbreak caused by the collision of politics and public health as push back against vaccines has grown in the post-pandemic era. The most recent data show that less than 80% of Canadian 7-year-olds are fully vaccinated against measles, far below the 95% threshold that experts say is needed to stop the virus from spreading. The highest concentration of cases in Canada has been in the western province of Alberta, where politicians have emphasized personal freedoms to reject vaccination, and the conservative premiere has called unvaccinated people the region's quote most discriminated against group.
《泰晤士报》最近的一项调查发现,随着疫情蔓延,艾伯塔省的卫生官员在加大对麻疹(这种疾病可能导致严重的健康问题,尤其是对幼儿)的警告方面受到了阻碍。专家表示,除了疾病本身的危险之外,麻疹在加拿大和整个北美地区的卷土重来尤其令人担忧,因为它可能是一种煤矿里的金丝雀(Canary in a coal mine: 一个早期预警信号,表明可能存在更大的危险),暗示其他曾经被清除的疾病,如脊髓灰质炎(Polio: 一种由病毒引起的严重传染病,可导致瘫痪),也可能随着疫苗接种率的下滑而再次出现。
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A recent Times investigation found that as the outbreak spread, health officials in Alberta were stymied from ramping up warnings about measles, which can cause severe health issues, especially for young kids. Experts say that beyond the dangers of the disease itself, the resurgence of measles in Canada and across North America is especially concerning because it could be a kind of canary in a coal mine, suggesting that other once eliminated diseases like polio could also reappear as vaccination rates slip.
职业体育界的赌博丑闻
最后,
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And finally,
“所以让我们看看他是否能高效。把球投到本垒板上,第一球就弹到了草地上,弹到了泥土里。”
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so let's see if he can be efficient. Throw it over the plate and the first one bounces in the grass. in the dirt.
本周,职业体育界又面临一起赌博丑闻,两名MLB(Major League Baseball: 美国职业棒球大联盟,北美最高水平的职业棒球联赛)投手被指控与赌徒分享内幕信息(Inside information: 未公开的、可能影响比赛结果或投注的秘密信息),这些赌徒因此赚取了数十万美元。据称,该计划围绕着所谓的微型投注(Micro bets: 体育博彩中对比赛中发生的具体小事件进行的实时投注,例如下一球是好球还是坏球)展开,即实时发生的投注,比如下一位击球手是否会击出安打,或者下一球是否是好球?他率先出击,投了一个稍微偏外一点的球,只差四分之一。
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The world of pro sports is grappling with yet another gambling scandal this week after two MLB pitchers were charged with sharing inside information with betterers who then made hundreds of thousands of dollars. The alleged scheme centered on what are known as micro bets, wagers that happen in the moment, like will the next batter get a hit or will the next pitch be a strike? leads off and takes one that is just a little bit outside just a quarter.
检察官表示,克利夫兰守护者队的两名投手与赌徒协调,告诉他们接下来该押注什么。他们说其中一名球员甚至在比赛中使用手机进行操作。近年来,随着博彩公司扩大了可投注的赛事数量和类型,小型旁注的爆炸式增长改变了职业体育,推动了球迷参与度,提高了利润,并可能为更多非法串通打开了大门。就在上个月,联邦检察官指控了几名现役和前NBA(National Basketball Association: 北美最高水平的职业篮球联赛)球员,他们涉嫌参与了类似的计划,同样被指控与赌徒协调。昨天,MLB宣布将对单个投球的投注设定200美元的上限,称这些投注特别容易受到操纵。
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Prosecutors say that two pitchers for the Cleveland Guardians were coordinating with betterers to tell them what to bet on next. They said one of the players was even doing it in the middle of games using his phone. In recent years, as betting companies have expanded the number and types of events that can be gambled on, the explosion of small side bets has transformed pro sports, driving fan engagement, boosting profits, and potentially opening the door to more illegal collusion. Just last month, federal prosecutors charged several current and former NBA players over a similar kind of scheme, where they were also allegedly coordinating with gamblers. And yesterday, the MLB announced that it's setting a $200 limit on bets on individual pitches, which it says are particularly vulnerable to manipulation.
但归根结底,这是体育运动,存在着没有人,甚至连试图操纵比赛的人也无法控制的变量。在五月份的一场守护者队比赛中,赌徒们据称在一球上押了四千美元,赌它会是一个坏球。投手摆好姿势,投出,结果,哎呀,挥棒落空,是个好球。检察官说,这名投手后来给其中一名赌徒发了一条信息,附上了一张悲伤的小狗表情包。
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But at the end of the day, it is sports, and there are variables that no one, not even someone trying to rig things, can control. During a Guardians game back in May, betterers allegedly had four grand riding on a single pitch, betting that it would be a ball. The pitcher wound up, released, and oops, swinging a miss for a strike. Prosecutors say the pitcher later sent one of the betters a message with a gif of a sad puppy dog face.
以上就是头条新闻。我是Will Jarvis。我们明天再见。
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Those are the headlines. I'm Will Jarvis. We'll be back tomorrow.