节目开场与主要内容速览
来自《纽约时报》，这里是《头条新闻》（The Headlines）。我是特雷西·芒福德（Tracy Mumford）。今天是11月13日，星期五。以下是我们报道的内容。
英文原文
[music]From the New York Times, it's the headlines. I'm Tracy Mumford. Today's Friday, November 13th. [music] Here's what we're covering.
英伟达首席执行官黄仁勋辞职及其经济与行业冲击
英伟达发生的一切，尤其是黄仁勋的辞职，引发了关于该公司、AI行业乃至更广泛领域未来走向的大量疑问。我周四采访了一位专家，他问道：一位首席执行官的私生活会拖垮经济吗？
英文原文
>> So everything that's going on with Nvidia and especially with Jensen Huang's resignation has just raised a lot of questions about what's going to happen with the company, with the AI industry, and even beyond that. I spoke to an expert on Thursday who asked, can one CEO's sex life take down the economy?本·卡塞尔曼（Ben Casselman）是《纽约时报》的首席经济记者。
英文原文
>> Ben Casselman is the Times' chief economics correspondent.你看，从字面上讲，答案显然是否定的。但英伟达确实扮演着独特的角色。这不仅仅是因为它制造了用于所有这些AI模型的大约90%的先进制程芯片，更是因为他们扮演了几乎相当于AI行业中央银行的角色。他们在融资以及向客户和供应商——运营数据中心的公司、设计这些模型的公司——提供贷款担保方面发挥了非常根本的作用。每当AI领域的故事开始出现动摇，每当市场开始有些恐慌时，往往都是英伟达和黄仁勋出面稳定大局。你知道，他们提供财务兜底，或者黄仁勋本人亲自出面安抚大家，表明AI繁荣仍在正轨上。如果他们停止扮演那个角色，如果他们以某种方式退缩，那确实可能对整个AI繁荣产生深远影响。因此，虽然我认为“一起性丑闻将拖垮美国经济”在字面上并不成立，但金融市场在很大程度上是建立在信心之上的。你永远不知道哪件事会成为击垮一切的导火索。我不会预测这里就会发生那种情况，但这确实指出了这些相互交织的金融环节以及我们对AI的依赖，在多大程度上已成为美国经济的真正脆弱点。
英文原文
>> And look, the literal answer here is obviously no. But Nvidia really does play a unique role. And that isn't just because it makes something like 90% of the advanced chips that go into all of these AI models. It's because they play this role of almost being a central bank for the AI industry. They have played this really fundamental role in financing and providing loan guarantees to their customers and suppliers to the companies that run the data centers, to the companies that are designing these models. And every time that there starts to be sort of a wobble in the AI story, every time the market sort of starts to freak out a little bit, more often than not, it's Nvidia and it's Jensen Huang that kind of have stepped in to steady the ship. You know, they provide a financial backstop or Huang himself just comes out and sort of reassures everybody that the AI boom is still on track. And if they stop playing that role, if they pull back in some way, that could really have profound implications for the entire AI boom. So while I don't think it's it's literally true that one sex scandal is going to down the US economy. Financial markets are built on confidence to a significant degree. And you never know what is going to be the precipitating incident that kind of brings everything down. I wouldn't predict that that's what's going to happen here, but it does really [music] point to the degree to which these sort of interconnected financial pieces and and our reliance on AI have become a real vulnerability for the US economy.参议院传唤调查与商务部涉及英伟达的监管争议
与此同时，一个参议院委员会已传唤黄仁勋，就涉及他与一名被怀疑是中国间谍的女性之间的婚外情所引发的国家安全关切作证。
该委员会还传唤了商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克（Howard Lutnick）。在卢特尼克的职位上，他掌控着政府对技术销售的限制，比如限制英伟达的先进AI芯片向中国转移。
据知情人士透露，尽管许多特朗普政府高层官员主张收紧限制，试图防止中国获得经济或军事优势，但他们频繁与卢特尼克发生冲突，后者屡次推迟或延后技术管制措施。
商务部官员告诉《纽约时报》，在该机构内部，英伟达受到了与其他公司不同的对待。
英伟达的总法律顾问获得了直接参与制定影响该公司的全新规则的渠道，该部门工作人员描述曾看到英伟达顶级律师在政府政策草案中提出意见。商务部发言人表示，政府在最终确定规则时向企业咨询属于常规操作。
尽管如此，围绕卢特尼克与英伟达之间潜在利益冲突的担忧依然存在。
他掌舵数十年、现由其子运营的投资公司拥有广泛依赖英伟达芯片的业务利益，包括东南亚的一些相关数据中心。
在回答《纽约时报》的提问时，英伟达拒绝置评。商务部表示，卢特尼克已完全剥离该投资公司的股份，并未与该公司就英伟达进行过任何互动。
英文原文
>> [music]Meanwhile, a Senate committee has summoned Jensen Huang to testify over national security concerns related to his affair with a woman suspected of being a Chinese spy. [music] The committee has also summoned Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick. In his role, Lutnick has control over government restrictions on technology sales, like limits on the transfer of Nvidia's advanced AI chips to China.
While many top Trump administration officials have pushed for tighter restrictions to try and keep China from gaining an economic or military edge, they have frequently clashed with Lutnick, who's repeatedly delayed or deferred technology controls, according to people familiar with the discussions. Commerce Department officials told the Times that within the agency, Nvidia was treated differently than other companies.
Nvidia's general counsel was given direct access to shape new rules that affect the company, with department staff describing seeing comments from Nvidia's top lawyer in drafts of government policies. A spokesman for the Commerce Department said that it was routine for the government to consult with companies as it finalizes rules. Still, there are also concerns about possible conflicts of interest when it comes to Lutnick and Nvidia.
The investment firm he steered for decades and which is now run by his sons has a wide range of business interests that rely on Nvidia chips, including some related data centers in Southeast Asia.
In response to questions from the Times, NVIDIA declined to comment. The Commerce Department said Lutnick had fully divested from the investment firm and has not had any interactions with the firm about NVIDIA.
国土安全部将具遣返令移民移出公开数据库引发诉讼
早在9月，加利福尼亚州一所护理培训项目的教授正穿着睡衣待在家里，一群联邦执法人员上门逮捕了她。这位原籍尼日利亚的女性当天在被美国移民与海关执法局（ICE）拘留期间得以致电家人说明发生的情况。但随后她便失联了。
她的兄弟姐妹试图在移民被拘留者的公共数据库中查询她的名字，但未能查到。她的律师也尝试查询，同样一无所获。
她的家人说，感觉她就像是掉进了“深渊”。
几天后，她从位于半个国家之外路易斯安那州的一处拘留中心给她的兄弟打来电话。
现在，《纽约时报》获悉，她从数据库中消失并非意外，而是特朗普政府一项新政策的一部分：美国国土安全部（DHS）不再公开列出大多数带有最终递解出境令的移民。
国土安全部的数据库此前一直是家属和律师在被拘留者被转运于全国数百个ICE设施网络时进行追踪的关键工具。而确切了解被拘留者所在的司法管辖区，对于提交争取免受递解的文件至关重要。
现在，随着许多人的名字从公开记录中被抹去，律师们表示这造成了混乱，并使向移民提供法律援助变得更加困难。
在美移民法律中心（National Immigration Law Center）和其他团体上个月提起的诉讼中指出，已有超过2万人被从数据库中移除，约占所有被拘留者的30%。
在回应《纽约时报》的提问时，国土安全部在一份声明中表示，被拘留者有多种与家人及律师沟通的途径，并且“针对带有最终递解令人员的适宜程序就是遣返，干脆利落”。
英文原文
[music]Back in September, a professor at a nursing program in California was at home in her pajamas when a group of federal agents showed up to arrest her. The woman, who is originally from Nigeria, was able to call her family that day from ICE custody to say what had happened. But then she went dark.
Her siblings tried to look up her name in a public database of immigration detainees, but they couldn't find her. Her lawyer tried too and couldn't find her either.
Her family said it felt like she had fallen, quote, into an abyss.
Then, days later, she called her brother from a detention center in Louisiana, halfway across the country.
Now, the Times has learned that her disappearance from the database was not an accident, but rather part of a new Trump administration policy with the Department of Homeland Security no longer publicly listing most migrants who have final deportation orders.
The DHS database had been a key tool for families and lawyers to track detainees as they were shuffled around a network of hundreds of ICE facilities nationwide. And knowing exactly what jurisdiction [music] a detainee is in can be essential for filing paperwork to fight their deportation. [music]
Now, with many people's names wiped out of the public records, lawyers say it's created chaos and made it much harder to provide migrants with legal aid. [music]
In a lawsuit filed last month, the National Immigration Law Center and other groups said that more than 20,000 people had been removed from the database, or around 30% of all detainees.
In response to questions from the Times, DHS said in a statement that detainees have several ways of communicating with family and lawyers and that quote the appropriate process for someone with final deportation orders is removal, plain and simple.
利用语音分析与AI早期预测阿尔茨海默病风险
“聪明的金打电话给猫诊所。聪明的金打电话给猫诊所。”
英文原文
>> Clever Kim called the cat clinic. Clever Kim called the cat clinic.这段音频剪辑听起来可能像胡言乱语，但它实际上是一项科学研究的一部分，该研究正在分析语音以尝试预测人们患痴呆症的风险。
英文原文
>> This audio clip might sound like gibberish, but it's actually part of a scientific study that is analyzing speech to try to predict people's risk of developing dementia.帕姆·贝鲁克（Pam Belluck）是《纽约时报》的健康与科学记者。她说，目前有超过600万美国人（大约占65岁及以上人群的10%）患有痴呆症，其中包括该病症最常见的类型——阿尔茨海默病。
鉴于此，科学家们一直在寻找提前预防新发病例的方法，包括帕姆报道的前沿研究：研究人员将AI算法与贴在人们嘴唇和面部的传感器结合使用，以追踪人们言语中的细微变化。
英文原文
>> Pam Belluck is a health and science reporter at the Times. She says more than 6 million Americans, roughly 10% of people 65 and older, currently have dementia, including Alzheimer's, the most common type of the condition. In light of that, scientists have been looking for ways to get ahead of new cases, including the cutting-edge research Pam's been covering, where they use AI algorithms along with sensors attached to people's lips and faces to track subtle changes in people's speech.语音包含一座信息金矿，因为我们的大脑在生成语言时涉及到诸多方面。因此，科学家们正在分析诸如人们讲话的速度、在句子中暂停的频率、所用词汇的丰富度和复杂性，以及说话的音调和节奏等要素。在初步结果中，该团队发现他们的语音分析能够识别阿尔茨海默病高风险人群的准确率达到77%，而常规认知测试的准确率为47%。
英文原文
>> Speech contains a gold mine of information because there's so many aspects of what our brains are doing to create speech. So scientists are analyzing things like how fast people talk, how often they pause during a sentence, the richness and complexity of the vocabulary that they use, the pitch and the cadence of their speech. In preliminary results, this team found that their speech analysis could identify people who were at high risk for developing Alzheimer's 77% of the time compared to 47% of the time for regular cognitive testing.帕姆表示，研究人员甚至预见到了未来的前景：届时可能会有一款应用程序，人们可以在上面录制自己的语音样本来帮助预测患痴呆症的风险，其目标是尽早为患者和医生提供尽可能多的信息，以应对这些疾病。
英文原文
>> Pam says researchers even see a future where there could be an app where people record samples of their speech to help predict their dementia risk, the goal being to arm patients and doctors with as much information as possible as early as possible [music] to combat these disorders.墨西哥歌手比维尔·金塔纳重塑传统民谣对抗针对女性的暴力
最后，昨晚墨西哥歌手比维尔·金塔纳（Vivir Quintana）登上了拉丁格莱美奖的舞台，她获得了年度最佳歌曲的提名。
她的职业生涯得以建立并在拉美地区广为人知，部分原因在于她为古老民谣赋予了全新的女性主角。
墨西哥传统民歌科里多（Corridos）通常由男性歌唱，内容也关乎男性，讲述革命者、逃犯、民间英雄的故事，最近则关乎毒贩。
然而，金塔纳希望讲述一个不同的故事，关乎墨西哥女性所面临的暴力。
墨西哥活动人士估计，当地每天有10名女性因性别原因被杀害。
对金塔纳来说，这是切身体会。她告诉《纽约时报》，在一处好友被一名据称在工作中骚扰她的男子谋杀后，她对自卫的想法产生了强烈的执念。
金塔纳花了十年时间走访墨西哥各地的监狱，采访那些在反击袭击者后最终身陷囹圄的女性。
最终，她发行了一整张科里多专辑，讲述那些女性的真实故事。
环球音乐墨西哥公司（Universal Music Mexico）总裁告诉《纽约时报》，金塔纳找到了一种方式，唱出的“不仅是爱情、心碎与生活，还有这个国家的社会现实，我们许多人意识到这一点，却很少有人敢于谈论”。
英文原文
And finally,Last night the Mexican singer Vivir Quintana took the stage at the Latin Grammys where she was nominated for Song of the Year.
She built her career and became known throughout Latin America in part by giving old ballads new heroines.
[music]
Corridos, traditional Mexican folk ballads, are usually sung by men about men, telling the stories of revolutionaries, outlaws, folk heroes, and more recently, drug traffickers.
Quintana though wanted to tell a different story about the violence faced by women in Mexico.
[music]
Mexican activists have estimated that every day 10 women there are killed because of their gender.
For Quintana, it was personal. She told The Times that after a close friend was murdered by a man she'd said was harassing her at work, she became obsessed with the idea of self-defense.
Quintana spent a decade visiting prisons across Mexico and interviewing women who'd ended up in jail after they fought back against their attackers.
Eventually, she released a whole album of corridos telling the [music] true stories of those women.
[music and singing]
The president of the record label Universal Music Mexico told The Times that Quintana has found a way to sing quote not only about love, heartbreak, life, but also the social reality of this country that many of us recognize but few dare to talk about.
以上就是头条新闻。如果你想参与周五新闻问答，请不要走开。就在演职员名单之后。
本期节目由威尔·贾维斯（Will Jarvis）、玛格丽特·卡迪法（Margaret Kadiifa）、杰克·卢卡斯（Jake Lucas）、约翰·斯图尔特（John Stewart）和我特雷西·芒福德共同制作。
原创主题曲由丹·鲍威尔（Dan Powell）创作。
特别鸣谢伊莎贝拉·安德森（Isabella Anderson）、萨姆·多尔尼克（Sam Dolnick）、迈尔斯·麦金利（Miles McKinley）、佐伊·墨菲（Zoe Murphy）和克里斯·伍德（Chris Wood）。
英文原文
[music] Those are the headlines. If you'd like to play the Friday News Quiz, stick around. It's just after these credits.This show is made by Will Jarvis, [music] Margaret Kadiifa, Jake Lucas, John Stewart, and me, Tracy Mumford.
Original theme by Dan Powell. [music]
Special thanks to Isabella Anderson, Sam Dolnick, Miles McKinley, Zoe Murphy, and Chris Wood.
周五新闻问答：凯旋门争议、后院微型数据中心与新当选官员的过往经历
现在是问答时间。每周我们都会就《纽约时报》报道过的事件向大家提出几个问题。你能全答对吗？
首先是第一题。
英文原文
[music]Now time for the quiz. Every week we ask you a few questions about stories the Times has been covering. Can you get them all?
[music]
First up.
“它将是世界上最美丽的拱门。它比凯旋门还要美。”
在华盛顿，特朗普总统关于一座巨型新拱门的争议性计划目前处于悬而未决的状态。
“我们看得出这是怎么回事。这是向唐纳德·特朗普致敬。他明确告诉过我们这一点。”
尽管受到议员们的大量批评和反对，一个联邦规划委员会最近表示该纪念碑的建设可以继续推进，但就在随后不久，一位联邦法官出面暂时叫停了该项目。
在持续的法律纠纷中，特朗普政府已开始改变对该建筑的称谓。以前只称其为“凯旋门”（triumphal arch）。现在他们在其前面加了另一个词，使其变成了“空白凯旋门”，这可能是作为帮助论证该项目合理性的一种方式。请问：他们开始怎么称呼它？
答案是：
军事凯旋门（military triumphal arch）。特朗普总统本人声称这座高250英尺、顶部镀金的建筑关乎国防。
“凯旋门军事复合体将拥有强大的无人机能力，我认为还有狙击手或射击手能力。”
国防部长皮特·海格塞斯（Pete Hegseth）在这次重新命名中对特朗普表示支持，他最近表示，该拱门的高度将形成针对威胁的所谓“显著的高程优势”。
英文原文
>> It'll be the most beautiful arch in the world. It's more beautiful than the Arch de Triomphe.In Washington, President Trump's controversial [music] plan for a giant new arch is currently in limbo.
We see what this is all about. This is a tribute to Donald Trump. He has told us that specifically.
Despite a lot of criticism and pushback from lawmakers, a federal planning commission recently said construction on the monument could go forward right before a federal judge stepped in to temporarily block the project.
Amid the ongoing legal back and forth, the Trump administration has started changing how it refers to the structure. It used to just call it the triumphal arch. Now it's stuck another word in front of that to make it the blank triumphal arch, potentially as a way to help justify the project. Your question, what have they started calling it?
The answer,
the military triumphal arch, with President Trump himself claiming the 250-ft tall gold-topped structure is about defense.
The triumphal arch military complex is going to have tremendous drone capability, I would say sniper or shooter capability.
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth has backed Trump up on this rebrand, saying recently that the sheer height of the arch would create a quote significant elevation advantage against threats.
下一题。一家旧金山公司目前正在通过向房主提出的新推介方案，涉足一个特别具有争议的话题。
“作为获取您家侧方更好空间的交换，我们将帮助客户支付他们的能源和互联网账单。”
该公司希望在人们的后院安装新型的灰色箱状装置。
“它大约有放置在家侧方混凝土垫板上的两台空调压缩机那么大。所以大约有8英尺宽，大约……”
每个装置内部都有一个大风扇，但该公司承诺它的噪音大约只有电动牙刷那么大。
这家公司想在你的院子里安装什么？
答案是：
“我们基本上把这个设计成了一个箱内数据中心。”
一个数据中心，确切说是一个微型数据中心。其理论依据在于，无需建设那些变得极具争议的大型庞然大物式数据中心，而是可以将计算任务分散到数以千计的后院中。
英文原文
[music]Next question. A San Francisco company is wading into a particularly controversial topic right now with a new pitch for homeowners.
In exchange for having access to better space on the side of your home will help the customers pay for their energy and internet bill as well.
The company wants to install new gray boxy units in people's backyards.
It's roughly the size of two air conditioning compressors on the side of your home sitting on a concrete pad. So it's about 8 ft wide and about
Each unit has a big fan in it, but the company promises it's only about as loud as an electric toothbrush.
What does this company want to install in your yard?
The answer?
We have essentially designed this to be a data center in a box.
A data center, a micro one anyway. The theory is that instead of building the kind of big behemoth data centers that have become so controversial, the computing work could be spread across thousands of backyards instead.
我们进入最后的冲刺阶段。随着上周民主党掀起“蓝潮”，我们准备了关于一些新当选官员过往生活的问题。他们中的许多人在履历中都有令人惊讶的插曲。
我们将说出他们过去的职业，请你指出他们所在的州。
首先开始。
“这是一道防火隔离带。挖一口井，火就止住了。”
该州选出了30年来第一位民主党国会议员，当时他们选择了一位曾从事空降灭火、扑救野火的候选人。这是哪个州？
“火势在此被阻截。”
那是蒙大拿州的萨姆·福斯塔德（Sam Forstad）。
英文原文
[music]And we're into the final stretch here. On the back of Democrats' blue wave last week, we've got questions about the old lives of some of the newly elected officials. Many of them have some surprising little forays on their resumes.
We will name the past gig, you name their state.
Starting off.
This is a fire line. Dig a well and the fire stops.
This state elected its first Democratic congressman in 30 years when it went for a candidate who used to be a smoke jumper fighting wildfires. Which state is it?
The fire stops here.
That is Montana's Sam Forstad.
下一位。该州的新当选官员曾一度在米兰和巴黎的T台上走秀。
“嗯，你曾经做过一阵子模特。”
“是的，我做过。”
“他平时不怎么谈论这件事，但曾说那是年轻时赚取额外现金的好途径。”
“上大学时什么都很贵，我就想，如果这行得通而且我能通过这个赚钱，那就太好了。”
那是艾奥瓦州当选州长罗布·桑德（Rob Sand），在选民挑选他之前他就走过台步了。
英文原文
Next one.This state's new once strutted down runways in Milan and Paris.
Well, you were a model for a second.
I was. Yeah.
He doesn't talk about it often, but has said it was a good way to make extra cash when he was young.
Everything's expensive in college, and I'm like, well, if this works and I could make money doing this, great.
That is the governor-elect of Iowa, Rob Sand, who proto-picked before voters did.
来看下一个。
该州新当选的众议员之一是一位拉丁格莱美奖获奖音乐人。
那是德克萨斯州的鲍比·普利多（Bobby Pulido），作为选民外展活动的一部分，他曾在成人礼（Quinceañeras）上免费演出。
英文原文
Next one here.[music]
One of this state's new representatives is a Latin Grammy Award-winning musician.
[music]
That is Texas with Bobby Pulido, who as part of his voter outreach performed for free at Quinceañeras.
最后一个问题留给你。
“至少根据研究过此事的记者所说，我们在炸鸡柳方面是先驱。然后我们卖出了很多，所以那就是……”
该州即将上任的参议员是一家炸鸡柳巨头的继承人。他曾多年在家族餐馆工作，该餐馆常被认为发明了这道油炸美味。
“我的意思是，我14岁就开始在那里工作，收拾桌子、洗碗碟。”
那是新罕布什尔州，克里斯·帕帕斯（Chris Pappas）曾在这座位于曼彻斯特的“清教徒密室”（Puritan Backroom）餐馆工作过。
现在就介绍这些，不过我们本来还可以继续说下去。我甚至还没告诉你内森·约翰逊（Nathan Johnson）的事，他即将接替肯·帕克斯顿（Ken Paxton）出任德克萨斯州总检察长。他曾经是一位作曲家，参与过动漫系列《龙珠Z》的配乐。
那真是跨度够大的。
本周的新闻问答就到这里。如果你想告诉我们你的成绩，或者告诉我们被我们遗漏的你最喜欢的政治家幕后故事，我们的电子邮箱是 theheadlines@nytimes.com。
我是特雷西·芒福德。节目将于下周一回归。
英文原文
And last one for you.We were a a pioneer with respect to fried chicken tenders, at least according to journalists that have looked into this thing. And then we sell a lot of them, and so that's what
This state's soon-to-be senator is an heir to chicken tenders royalty. He spent years working at his family restaurant, which is often credited with inventing the fried delicacy.
I mean, I started working there and and bussing tables and washing dishes when I was 14.
That is New Hampshire, where Chris Pappas put in his time at the Puritan Backroom Restaurant in Manchester.
That is all for now, but we could have kept going. I didn't even tell you about Nathan Johnson, who's set to replace Ken Paxton as the attorney general of Texas. He used to be a composer who helped score the anime series [music] Dragon Ball Z.
That is Range.
[music]
That's it for this week's news quiz. If you want to tell us how you did or what your favorite politician backstory that we missed is, our email is theheadlines@nytimes.com. [music]
I'm Tracy Munford. The show will be back on Monday.