OpenClaw:Agent OS 时代的黎明与软件市场的重塑 TechButMakeItReal 2026-03-19

Agent OS 时代的开端与 GitHub 破纪录的崛起

一个由奥地利开发者周末项目孵化的开源软件,迅速成长为 GitHub 历史上增长最快的代码仓库,其影响力甚至触及了全球科技巨头和金融市场。这一项目名为 OpenClaw,它不仅引发了价值1万亿美元的软件股票市值蒸发,还导致苹果 Mac mini 全球断货,促使 Cloudflare 股价飙升 14%,甚至引发中国某区政府将其纳入工业政策的核心。本视频将深入探讨这项被誉为AI 领域下一个重大突破的技术——Agent Operating System (Agent OS)。我们将剖析 OpenClaw 的独特性,探讨 Agent OS 的商业模式,分析美国科技公司在该领域的竞逐,以及中国复杂而矛盾的应对策略。

Original English

A weekend project by an Austrian developer became the fastest growing repository in GitHub history. It triggered $1 trillion wipeout in software stocks, caused Apple Macinis to sell out globally, moved Cloudflare stock 14% and prompted a Chinese district government to build industrial policy around it. This video is about the next big thing in tech, agent operating system, and we're going to use the most recent precedent, the company called OpenClaw.

OpenClaw 的颠覆性:Agent OS 的架构与用户体验重塑

OpenClaw 并非一个独立的 AI 模型或应用程序,而是一个强大的编排层,它坐落于用户消息应用(如 WhatsApp, Telegram, Discord, Slack)与任何大型语言模型(LLM)之间,能够执行管理邮件、办理登机、整理文件、招聘解雇、代填文档等一系列复杂任务。其核心架构通过消息应用作为接口,用户可以直接在聊天界面中下达指令,这些指令随后被路由给相应的智能体(Agent),转换为提示(Prompt),并传递给用户选择的 LLM(如 Claude, GPT, Gemini, Llama)来执行。

OpenClaw 的爆炸式增长标志着人工智能领域一次根本性的用户体验(UX)转变。尽管其底层架构并非革命性的技术突破——整个项目在数日内快速“vibe coded”完成——但它提出的核心理念——智能体能够绕过多个软件的用户界面,直接与 API 交互——深刻挑战了过去 30 年来软件设计的核心假设。在此之前,所有软件都围绕着“人类用户”的交互模式构建,需要用户手动打开、浏览、点击。然而,OpenClaw 的出现打破了这一范式。它提供了一个**“智能体分发中心”**,用户不再受限于特定 LLM 或应用程序,AI 的执行结果至关重要,而其背后的解析方式则变得次要。

Original English

Since the inception of the company, OpenClaw went through a triple rebrand. The original name was Claudebot, then renamed to Moldbot, and then to OpenClaw. But none of that naming nonsense slowed down the adoption. 25,000 GitHub stars in a single day. That's the highest daily count ever recorded on GitHub. The fastest repo rise in GitHub history. 250,000 stars by March 4th, 2026. and surpassing React which took over a decade. Open Claw is not an AI model and it is not an app. It is an orchestrating layer that sits between your messaging apps and any large language model to perform a bunch of tasks. Be it manage email, check into flights, organize files, hire people, fire people, fill out documentation on your behalf, etc. On a very high level, open clause architecture works like this. It uses messengers like WhatsApp or Telegram or Discord or Slack as its interface. You run your tasks and commands directly from the messaging app. A message is then routed to appropriate agents. Then it gets converted into a prompt and then passes that context to an LLM be it Claude, GPT, Gemini, Llama, whatever you pick and executes the command. Now why is this a big deal? Every major computing era had a defining milestone. It had a foundational layer that defined it. And foundational layers often look unimpressive at first. Databases, for example, back when they appeared were a massive overkill because you could write custom code to handle files. Browsers back in the day when they first came out were much slower and uglier than native or on-prem apps. Nevertheless, each became a default piece, a default infrastructure because it solved problems that other applications and other businesses were built upon. For example, Windows and Mac OS were the milestones of the '9s and 2000s. Chrome was and still is the absolute leader of the browsing market. AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud define the cloud. LLMs, computer vision, genai are equivalent to OpenAI, Anthropic, or DeepSeek. And now we're witnessing the birth of the next foundational layer, agent OS. The agent OS is essentially a new browser war, but the stakes are an order of magnitude higher. The appearance of Open Claw and how it exploded is a sign of a fundamental UX shift in artificial intelligence. Once again, it's a UX shift because architecturally, Open Claw is not a mind-blowing discovery. The whole thing was vibe coded in a couple days. This is a UX shift because the realization that agents can bypass multiple software user interfaces and interact with APIs directly challenges the assumption of the past 30 years. For 30 years, every piece of software was built around the assumption that a human would use it. A human would open it. A human would look at the screen, click the buttons. Careers, companies, consultancies were built around the assumption that there is a piece of software that you learn and you sell that skill for a living. Everything you see on the screen right now is months of user research, design, and development. What open claw is doing is that it bypasses the user interface layer of multiple apps. Instead of going and performing actions by hand, you give the agent a goal. For example, let's use a business case scenario. Let's say we go update all open deals in Salesforce where the last contact was over 30 days ago and flag them as stale. Did you notice that I did not do this in Salesforce? I didn't log in. I didn't use the app. Salesforce spent months or years building this interface for me to go in and do these things quickly, but I am at a point where I don't need this interface at all. This is why it's a UX shift. Just like the buzzword of the last year was AI agent, Open Claw is what comes after the agent. Open Claw is the distribution center of agents. You're not bound to any particular LLM. You're not bound to an app. As a casual user, you don't even care how your requests get parsed, be it through Claude or GBT or Gemini. The point is, you're not using the app anymore. The app that was built and refined over the years, you're not using it to get things done.

Agent OS 对传统软件市场与 SaaS 模式的潜在冲击

关于软件市场的未来,存在着关于其“死亡”的广泛讨论。尤其是在 2026 年 2 月 3 日,全球软件股票市值单日蒸发约 2850 亿美元,这无疑加剧了市场对根本性变革的担忧。尽管部分市值有所回升,但市场已确认变革的发生。

“SAS 死亡论”的主要论据之一是,AI Agent 将成为软件交互的主要方式。一旦智能体能够直接路由任务并执行,其对以“每个座位(Per Seat)”为核心的传统 SaaS 定价模式构成了巨大挑战。过去十年,SAS 行业的核心盈利模式依赖于客户使用的用户数量,用户越多,收入越高。然而,一个 Agent 可以大幅压缩客户所需的“座位”数量。例如,一个中型办公家具公司,若其 10 名销售代表均需使用 HubSpot 客户关系管理系统,并花费 30% 的工作时间进行录入和管理,而现在,一个 Agent 仅需使用 HubSpot 的 API,即可 24/7 地完成这些任务,客户可能只需支付一个 Agent 的费用,而非 10 个座位的订阅费。

这与协同机器人(Co-pilot)模式有着本质区别。Co-pilot 通常内置于应用程序内部,作为一种聊天机器人功能,用户需要在应用内与其交互,且可能需要额外付费或购买积分。而 OpenClaw 所代表的 Agent OS 则独立于应用之上,它不依赖于特定应用的聊天机器人或 Co-pilot,从而消除了对“座位”的绑定。例如,市场营销人员在规划 Q1 营销活动时,过去需要分别打开 Google Analytics、HubSpot、Hootsuite、Mailchimp 等工具,独立提取数据、分析效果、安排发布。而 Agent OS 则能让一个 Agent 统筹规划、跨渠道分析、生成内容、安排发布并实时优化,通过调用各工具的 API 完成所有工作,极大地提升了效率并可能带来网络效应,因其能积累跨应用的历史洞察和知识图谱。

OpenClaw 的能力——消除对顶层用户界面的依赖——预示着软件市场正经历一场深刻的转变,投资重心可能从前端界面转向数据层

Original English

So, after all of this, does this mean that days are numbered for the software market? No. No, it doesn't. There are numerous conversations happening about the death of the software app market. On February 3rd, around $285 billion were erased from the global software stocks in a single day. Some of it came back, but most of it didn't. And yes, we always think that stocks always come back, but the market confirms that something has fundamentally changed. Claims around the death of SAS are primarily based on the assumption that AI agents become the primary way that we will interact with software. But the fact that you can route your tasks to agents does not mean that you will. Within the B2B SAS world, which ironically I spent a decade in, the prevalent pricing model has always been per seat. And yes, it's painfully obvious. The higher the number of people they use a piece of software, the more the customer pays, the more your business makes. Can an agent break the paper seat model? Yes, very much so. An agent can simply compress the number of seats that a customer would need. For example, let's say I'm a midsize office furniture business and I have a team of 10 sales reps using HubSpot. They go on HubSpot, they build a pipeline of prospects, they fill out their contacts notes, and this takes 30% of their day, and only 70% are spent on selling the actual product. And now, Open Claw comes in and says, "I'm going to give you one sales agent and use HubSpot's API." So, instead of paying for 10 seats, you're paying for one agent, connecting to HubSpot, and filling things out 24/7. Do you see the difference between a co-pilot model and this? A co-pilot would be sitting inside HubSpot. It would exist in a form of a chatbot, for example. You would plug in your prompt into HubSpot Copilot and say what you want done. This may or may not be a paid feature. You may or may not need additional credits to run this chatbot. Point is, it would be a HubSpot native co-pilot. A HubSpot would build it and HubSpot would own it. OpenClaw is doing exactly the opposite. It sits above your apps. It doesn't need a chatbot or a co-pilot and therefore it doesn't need the seats. Another example, think about how a marketer runs a Q1 marketing campaign today. They open Google Analytics to pull traffic data. Then they switch to HubSpot for lead scores and then they jump to Hootsweet for social scheduling. At the end of this process, perhaps build some email sequences in Mailchimp. Each tool has its own seats, has its own login and its own dashboard. And now imagine telling a single agent, plan my Q1 campaign, analyze last quarter's performance across all channels, generate content variations, schedule posts, set up AB tests, and optimize in real time as you get the results. The agent talks to each tools API, pulls the data, does the work, and reports back. On top of it, there's a whole layer of network effects that an agent creates. And it does so because it accumulates history. It would collect cross app insights and knowledge graphs that no single copilot can match. Until today, the vast majority of the software businesses were built across two layers. The backend layer, APIs, databases, business logic, and the front end or in other words, the user interface. What open claw can do. And let me emphasize that the operative word here is can do is that it can eliminate the need to have the top layer. And that is why you see the headlines about the death of SAS. So coming back to the market reaction in February when the stocks fell, SAS is not dying but it is getting hollowed out from the top where the interface layer is no longer the strongest selling point and we will be seeing a massive shift towards investments in the data layer.

Agent 的高昂成本与潜在瓶颈

尽管 Agent OS 带来了革命性的效率提升,但一个根本性问题在于其高昂的运行成本。简单来说,Agent 的运行并非免费。每次 Agent 执行任务,都可能涉及多次 LLM 调用,包括规划调用、执行调用、错误检查、重试循环等,这导致成本远超单次 LLM 查询。

这种成本结构在 Agent 变得更先进时,会指数级增长。一方面,Agent 需要维护记忆(Memory),这会膨胀其上下文窗口(Context Window),用户可能需要为更长的上下文支付更高价格。另一方面,执行成本也随之增加,每次工具调用都包含 LLM 的推理成本、外部系统的执行成本、LLM 的合成成本,以及跨多个应用程序调用 API 的 Token 成本。此外,多 Agent 系统还需要Agent 间的通信(Agent-to-Agent Chatter),这会导致 Token 成本的螺旋式上升

因此,当最初的吸引力(Fascination)消退后,高昂的成本将成为 Agent 应用普及的关键瓶颈。例如,Agent 能够规划并预订一次包含所有行程、餐厅、酒店和博物馆的旅行,但这并不意味着用户会因此长期依赖 Agent 完成所有旅行预订。如果一次旅行预订的 Agent 服务费用高达 40 美元,且这笔费用会随着外包给 Agent 的任务数量而叠加,那么相较之下,用户可能反而会觉得手动点击七次来订一张票似乎也“不算太糟糕”。这表明,软件市场并未走向终结,因为 Agent 的成本效益仍需审慎考量。

Original English

The second reason why the software market is not dying is because there is one fundamental problem with the agents. Agents are eyewateringly expensive to run. And this is where we hit a wall. The fact that an agent can order an airplane ticket for you does not mean that you will use an agent to do that. It's one thing to say how fascinating that would be and another thing to pay for that fascination. I don't know if many of you have noticed, but open claw ain't cheap. software market is nowhere near being dead for one simple reason. Agents, as marvelous as they are, come at a very a very high cost. In addition to a bunch of failure modes that traditional apps with user interface do not have. Anyone who has built at least one agent for personal use will tell you how expensive it can get. Speaking from experience, I tried building a research agent for our channel in N88 to do the research faster as well as to get good at building agents. And the amount of money that I spent on API credits to connect various nodes to my agent was simply unjustifiable. And mind you, I was building it for personal use. Imagine scaling those costs to an enterprise level. the costs become astronomical and any employee with the power to make those purchasing decisions will think twice before signing up for a team plan to run those agents. Running autonomous AI agents is not free. It is structurally more expensive than a standard LLM query and the costs multiply almost exponentially as your agent becomes more advanced. Do the math. With agents and an agent orchestrator, you're multiplying inference. Every task expands into multiple LLM calls, a planning call, an executor call, error checks, retry loops. Instead of paying for one inference, you've got a compound cost graph that keeps scaling. You're also inflating your context window because agents maintain memory and they do need long context pricing tiers. And lastly, the execution costs because every tool call includes LLM reasoning cost, the execution costs of external systems, LLM synthesis cost, and API tokens across multiple applications that you call. And to top it off, multi- aent systems need agent to agent chatter. And what that means is a spiraling token cost. So once the initial fascination fades, we're going to hit a wall with these costs. My point is basically this. The fact that you can get an agent to order and plan a whole trip for you with all the bookings and restaurants and hotels and museums doesn't mean that you're going to use that agent to book all of your future trips for the rest of your life. Because if I tell you that booking a trip in that manner is going to cost you $40 and that gets multiplied by the number of tasks that you're outsourcing to agents, clicking on various buttons seven times to get that ticket ordered doesn't seem too shabby. So no software market is not and will not be dead.

美国科技巨头在 Agent OS 领域的控制权争夺战

Agent OS 的崛起引爆了一场围绕核心控制点的激烈竞争,尤其是在美国科技巨头之间。谁能主导 Agent OS 市场,谁就将掌握科技行业的三个关键权力节点

  1. 身份与认证 (Identity and Authentication):传统软件的用户身份验证是“一人一账号”模式,由 Microsoft, Okta, Cyber Arc 等主导。然而,当 Agent 成为用户代理时,**“谁是默认身份提供者?”**成为核心问题。若 Microsoft Copilot 成为 M365 生态的默认 Agent 身份,所有使用 M365 的企业都需要微软的许可才能运行 Agent,这将赋予微软巨大的议价能力。

  2. 数据路由 (Data Routing):Agent 需要在 Salesforce、Gmail、Notion、Slack 等多个系统间频繁移动数据。Agent OS 在此过程中扮演着**“数据交通枢纽”的角色,决定着数据流向和顺序。这使得 Agent OS 能够洞察用户行为模式**,例如公司 X 频繁访问法律数据库可能预示着重要事务,公司 Y 在 HR 系统添加遣散信息可能在计划裁员,公司 Z 持续监控竞争对手定价数据。这种**行为智能(Behavioral Intelligence)**价值巨大,可能被 Agent OS 直接或间接货币化,类似于 Google 依靠搜索数据构建其广告帝国。

  3. 默认模型选择 (Default Model Selection):Agent OS 决定了哪款 LLM 将被优先调用,并成为用户的默认选择。对于大多数普通用户,他们不会更改默认设置。考虑到全球 AI 推理支出预计在两年内达到 2000 亿美元,若主导 Agent OS 控制 30% 的 B2B 流量,并将其默认模型设为有收入分成协议的模型,仅此一项就可能带来约 600 亿美元的年收入,远超 Google Chrome 的 200 亿美元(来自搜索流量默认)。即使某个模型的客观能力更强,Agent OS 也可以基于商业协议,将任务路由至付费的 LLM,例如将法律推理任务优先分配给 OpenAI,即使 Anthropic 的模型在该领域更具优势。

目前,OpenAI 已雇佣 OpenClaw 的创始人,并拥有 ChatGPT 的分发优势。Anthropic 则积极推广其 Model Context Protocol,试图打破 Agent OS 的路由控制。Google 通过 Gemini 深度整合 Android 和 Workspace,确保其在移动设备和办公环境中默认启用。Apple 也在 iOS 上通过 Apple Intelligence 采取类似策略。科技巨头们正全力争夺 Agent OS 的默认入口。

Original English

What's really important to observe in the coming months is who becomes the dominant player in the agent OS market because whoever dominates the agent operating system market gets at least three massive control points over the rest of the tech industry. This is a power play that is unfolding. The first point of control is going to be identity and authentication. Now, why is this a big deal? Prior to the rise of agents, identity in the context of software meant that one person would be logging in with a username and a password. And yes, the process of logging in can take many different shapes. But every access management system was built around the assumption that it would be a human logging in. And access management is a 20 billion industry that is dominated by Microsoft, Octa, and Cyber Arc. When agents enter the picture, the question that gets raised is who becomes the default identity provider for the agents. Microsoft already dominates the market for human authentication through Active Directory. So if Microsoft Copilot for example becomes the default agent identity inside Microsoft 365 every enterprise that uses M365 which is essentially all of them now needs Microsoft's permission to run any agent. That is the level of leverage that Microsoft can get because of this market situation. The second control point is data routing. Agents spend all day moving information between various systems. They're pulling customer data from Salesforce, cross referencing it with email history in Gmail, updating a project board in Notion, and then summarizing and spitting out a message on Slack. Every one of those information flows passes through the agent OS, which decides what data goes where and in what order. The agent operating system sees the behavioral map of every single user. They see that a company X is hitting their legal database 40 times more than the last month, so something must be brewing. Company Y is actively adding severance information to their HR system. Could it be that they're planning layoffs? And Company Zed is pulling competitive pricing data every single hour. Are they repricing? This data is more valuable than any market research you can imagine. Every major data broker, hedge fund, consultancy would pay extraordinary sums of money for this behavioral intelligence. Will Agent OS monetize this data directly or sell access to it indirectly? Who knows? But let me remind you that Google built a $300 billion a year advertising business on knowing what people search for. So there's that. And lastly, probably the most commercialized consequence of this entire situation is the default model selection. When your agent performs any kind of task, it calls an LLM. And it is the agent OS that decides which model gets called first and gets set as a default. For the vast majority of casual users, they will never change that default setting. Global spending on AI inference is projected to reach $200 billion within the next two years. And if the dominant agent operating system controls routing for even 30% of B2B enterprise traffic and sets the default model to one where it has a revenue sharing arrangement, that's approximately a $60 billion revenue coming from a single setting. For comparison, the entire Google Chrome, one of the most valuable defaults in computing history, makes $20 billion a year from search traffic defaults. The agent OS has a financial incentive to route traffic to a specific model in case it has a revenue sharing agreement with the company that produces the LLM. Now, does it mean they'll do it? No, it doesn't. But they can. If clot is objectively better, let's say 12% better at legal reasoning than OpenAI, but OpenAI is paying someone like OpenClaw 15% revenue share. It could route legal tasks to GPT anyway. Now, who benefits from this? OpenAI is already the beneficiary. They have the most popular consumer model on the market. They now employ the creator of OpenClaw and they have the distribution through Chad GBT. Enthropic on the other hand is pushing the model context protocol as a standard for how agents connect to tools and they're doing so to prevent any agent operating system from having routing control over which model gets called. Meanwhile, Google is embedding Gemini so deeply into Android and workspace that the agent layer on Android devices defaults to Gemini with or without third party routing. Apple is doing the same with Apple intelligence on iOS. What we're seeing is that every major player in tech is racing to own the agent OS default. Now, everything I just described is the war playing out in the US.

中国的 Agent OS 双轨策略:拥抱与警惕并行

在 Agent OS 的全球竞赛中,中国展现出一条独特且充满矛盾的策略。一方面,地方政府(如深圳的龙岗区,华为的所在地)正积极制定官方的工业政策,将一个由奥地利开发者创造、美国公司开发、运行于美国服务器上的开源软件——OpenClaw——纳入政策扶持范围,甚至提供数百万美元的公共资金补贴,并开设培训课程。这表明中国正在拥抱这一新兴技术浪潮,鼓励其在国内市场的应用。

另一方面,中国中央政府及其监管机构却向国有企业、大型银行和政府机构发出警告,禁止在办公设备上安装 OpenClaw。这种**“拥抱”与“警惕”并存的局面,与历史上 Linux(2000s)和 Android(2010s)的演进路径相似:允许本土市场采纳外国开源框架,并行开发自主的国内替代品和分支,将外国框架应用于除国家核心部门以外的领域,并迭代学习**,最终融合西方技术优势以求超越。

目前,中国企业正利用 OpenClaw 作为 Agent 编排层,结合国产 LLM,运行在本地硬件上,通过国内应用通信,并遵守中国数据法。这种策略既能利用全球技术前沿,又能满足国家数据主权和安全考量。

Original English

But there's a parallel story happening on the other side of the world that is frankly just as fascinating. Let's talk about China. A local Chinese government built a formal industrial policy around a piece of open-source software created by an Austrian developer by an American company running on US servers. The district that built this policy is called Long Gang, and it just happens to be the home of Huawei. The fact that Huawei's home district published a policy around an American open-source agent framework while Beijing simultaneously warns state enterprises not to install it on their office computers is perhaps the most mind-boggling paradox in this whole situation. Chinese companies are running OpenClaw as the agent orchestration layer using Chinese domestic LLMs on local Chinese hardware, communicating through Chinese apps and subject to Chinese data law. The Chinese central government and local governments are pulling in opposite directions on OpenClaw and neither side is blanking. On one side, Beijing's national regulators have warned state-owned companies, major banks, and government agencies against installing Open Claw on office devices. On the other side, local governments in Shenzhen and Hafe are actively subsidizing the adoption with millions of dollars in public funding, running training sessions on how to use OpenClaw, and explicitly including OpenClaw in their national AI plus plan. And the irony of this is that this dual track strategy that China is exhibiting has been done before. Linux in the 2000s, Android in 2010s, and now the agent OS. They let the local market adopt the foreign open-source framework. They built domestic alternatives and forks in parallel. They apply the foreign framework everywhere except the state apparatus itself. They fully adapt to the local market and continue iterating on top of what they learned. They utilize the best of the western tech to make it even better. We're going to be talking a lot more about China, but that's going to be in the next video.

接口的终结与新护城河:Agent OS 时代的真正意义

OpenClaw 的成功并非意味着其自身将成为定义 Agent OS 时代的Windows。该应用在安全性和架构设计上仍存在诸多问题,其“vibe coded”的起源也使其难以成为一代旗舰产品。然而,OpenClaw 的出现并非关乎其本身,而是其传递的信号:过去 30 年软件公司赖以生存的用户界面(UI),已不再是核心的护城河(Moat)

取而代之的是,新的护城河将建立在Agent OS 之上,特别是在身份认证数据层。Agent OS 能够轻易地连接和调用不同应用的服务,这使得其有潜力掌握用户身份认证的入口,以及跨应用的数据流和用户行为洞察。这种对身份和数据的控制,将成为未来科技竞争的关键。

因此,尽管软件市场不会因此消亡,但它正经历一场深刻的范式转移。未来的竞争焦点将是 Agent OS 的主导权,以及围绕身份和数据的价值创造。

Original English

Will OpenClaw be the company that defines the age of agent OS? Personally, I don't think so. The app has many flaws. Its security is raising a lot of questions. The thing was vibecoded to begin with, so calling it a generation definining flagship product would be an overstatement to say the least. But the thing is, it doesn't need to be the Windows of the decade. What just happened isn't about Open Claw. It's about the signal that it sends. What it's telling us is that the interface that every software company spent the last 30 years perfecting is no longer the moat. The new mode is sitting above the interface in the identity and in the data. As always, we hope this was helpful. We'll see you next time. Bye.

📌 文中提及的人物和组织

关键字: agent-os software-market ai-revolution tech-geopolitics