电热服饰的兴起与受众群体
Christine Zerette: 我是 Christine Zerette，你收听的是 The Wirecutter Show。
如果你常在户外活动，可能听过这样一句话：没有糟糕的天气，只有糟糕的装备。意思是只要你穿对了夹克、戴对了手套等等，即使在最冷、最多雨、最多雪、最恶劣的天气里，也能保持舒适。我的同事、户外作者 Kyle Fitzgerald 最近报道了一种需要引起警惕的保暖装备：使用锂电池的电热暖手宝、电热鞋垫和电热衣物。其中一些产品已被召回，因为它们导致了烫伤，甚至起火。Kyle 非常清楚在户外如何保暖。他住在佛蒙特州，在那里滑雪，并在零下严寒中度过业余时间。上个月他和我们一起做了一期很棒的雨靴节目。
他将分享选购电热服饰时该注意什么、避开什么，同时他还会为我们提供一些不依赖电池供电衣物、在寒冷天气真正保持温暖的传统建议。事实上，分层穿搭也是有科学依据的。
Kyle，欢迎来到节目。
英文原文
I'm Christine Zerette and you're listening to the Wire Cutter Show.[music]
[music] If you spend time outdoors, you might be familiar with the saying that there is no such thing as bad weather, just bad gear. Meaning, if you have the right jacket, the right gloves, etc., you should stay comfortable even on the coldest, rainiest, snowiest, yuckiest days. My colleague, outdoor writer Kyle Fitzgerald, recently reported about one type of warm weather gear you may want to be cautious about. Heated hand warmers, insoles, and clothes that use lithium ion batteries. Some of these products have been recalled [music] because they've caused burns and even caught on fire. Kyle knows a lot about how to stay warm outside. He lives in Vermont where he skis and he spends his free time outdoors in below freezing temperatures and he did a great episode with us last month about rain boots.
[music]
He's going to share what to look for and what to avoid in heated clothes [music] and he's going to give us some oldfashioned advice on how to actually stay warm on cold days [music] without battery operated clothing. There is in fact a science to layering.
Kyle, welcome to the show. Thanks for having me.
我很好奇，关于这种发热衣物到底是怎么回事？我们谈论的都是些什么产品，它们是如何工作的？
英文原文
>> I am very curious. The heated clothing, what is the deal with this? What types of products are we talking about here and how do they work?是的，我们谈论的是像电热马甲、夹克、手套、袜子甚至鞋垫这类的东西。我也会把电热暖手宝归入其中。基本上，它指的是任何使用电池（主要是锂电池）供电的发热装备，发热元件要么缝入衣物内部，要么像暖手宝那样，置于与电池相邻的外壳中。
英文原文
>> Yeah, so we're talking about stuff like heated vests, jackets, gloves, socks, and even insoles. I'd also include electric hand warmers in that mix as well. Basically, it's any kind of gear that uses a battery, uh, mostly a lithium-ion battery to power heating elements that are either sewn into a garment or in the case of hand warmers, they're in an enclosure next to the battery.我从没用过这种电热衣物。我很好奇，都是谁在买这类装备？
英文原文
>> And I've never used a piece of heated clothing like this. I'm curious, who is buying this type of gear?据我观察，这里面有几个不同的市场。有一些是在寒冷户外工作的工人，他们在室外工作时需要保暖。许多工具和工装品牌，比如 Milwaukee 和 Carhartt，都推出了电热服装。还有人在秋季或冬季去观看体育赛事，他们站在那里不动，需要一些自身无法产生的额外温暖，他们就会使用电热装备。我个人在滑雪场经常见到，尤其是电热马甲。还有一类人群是老年人、体弱多病者，或者自身难以产生热量的人，也许是血液循环较差，需要一点额外帮助。
英文原文
>> So, there's a few different markets that I see for it. There's some workers that work out in the cold that need to stay warm while they're outside. There's a lot of tool and workware companies like Milwaukee and Carheart that have heated apparel. People who go to sporting events in the fall or winter are standing still and need something to give them a little bit extra warmth that they aren't generating. They'll use heated gear. I see them personally a lot up at the ski resort, especially heated vests. And there's another group who, you know, are elderly or sick or have a hard time generating heat on their own. Maybe they have poor circulation and they need a little bit of uh extra help.我知道有这类群体，我认识一些人会使用那种不是电池供电的暖手宝，就是掰一下然后在手里发热的那种，额……
英文原文
>> That's a category I know that I've known people who use the sort of like they're not battery powered. They're like hand warmers. You just kind of crack them and then they heat up in your hand. Um对，一次性的那种。
英文原文
>> yeah, the disposable ones.对，一次性的那种。所以能看出来确实有市场需求。Kyle，你自己试用过这些吗？吸引力在哪里？
英文原文
>> Yeah, the disposable ones. So, I can see a market for that. Kyle, have you tried out any of this? What's the appeal?我试过很多马甲。我穿着它们去滑雪，也穿着去看过体育比赛。不得不说，它们确实非常方便。所以如果你静坐不动想要保暖，或者你在瑟瑟发抖，这些马甲真的能帮你温暖核心部位，感觉很舒服；还能给后颈加温，带来舒适感。所以从这方面看它们是有价值的。如果你在户外待很长时间，又很难轻易暖和过来，它们就很管用。我常去看佛蒙特大学的足球赛——顺便向足球队致敬，他们几年前赢得了全国冠军——在那段赛程中，一些季后赛会打到 11 月。有一次我就坐在华氏 30 度的铝制看台上看比赛，天上飘着湿雪，我穿着一件电热马甲，感觉非常棒，让我感到非常暖和。
英文原文
>> I have tried a bunch of vests. I've taken them out skiing. I've taken them to sporting events. I mean, I have to say they're very convenient. So, if you're sitting still and you're trying to keep warm or you're shivering, these vests can really help warm your core, which feels good. They can warm the back of your neck, which creates comfort. So, they are valuable in that way. They're great if you're outside for a long time and you can't find a way to easily warm up. I go to a lot of uh University of Vermont's soccer games. Shout out to the soccer team. They won the the national championship a couple years ago. And during that run, some of those playoff games go into November. So I was at a game sitting on these aluminum bleachers in like 30° weather with this kind of wet snow falling down and I was wearing a heated vest and it was it was very nice. It got me very warm.电热产品的起火隐患与召回原因
你最近写了一篇文章，讲到这类电池供电产品——特别是暖手宝、鞋垫和袜子——导致了烫伤甚至起火。为什么会发生这种情况？
英文原文
You recently wrote a piece about how some of these products, these battery powered products, specifically hand warmers, insoles, and socks, have caused burns, and even fires. Why is that happening?是的。简单说一下背景。我当时正在考虑测试电热装备，在这个过程中做了很多研究，深入调查其中的风险。正在调研时，接连发生了一连串召回事件，其中一个品牌格外引人注目，就是 Ocoopa。他们生产平价暖手宝。有超过 150 万件产品被召回，引发了大量火灾、数百起烫伤事故，不幸的是还有一人死亡。
英文原文
>> Yeah. So, just a bit of a backstory. I was looking into testing uh heated gear. During that process, I was doing a lot of research, diving into some of the risks. In the middle of that research, there were a bunch of recalls happening, but one of them stood out, and that was this brand, Okupa. They make budget hand warmers. And over one and a half million units were recalled. There were tons of fires, hundreds of burn injuries, and unfortunately a death.那些事故具体都是由该暖手宝引起的？
英文原文
>> And those were specifically linked to that hand warmer.确实具体都与那款暖手宝相关。我们之前在指南中还推荐过那些暖手宝，后来从指南中撤下了。随后我进一步深入调查了背后的原因。在展开讲之前，我想说：如果你手头有 Ocoopa 暖手宝，请立即停止使用，查看召回信息并按照召回通知的要求操作。
在做调研时我发现，电热服装的风险归根结底在于它把两种可能引发火灾的东西结合在了一起：第一是锂离子电池，第二是电阻发热元件。它们把这两样东西放在一起，而且直接穿在你的身上或紧贴身体。
英文原文
>> Those were specifically linked to that hand warmer. We actually recommended those hand warmers in our guide. We ended up removing them from the guide. And uh I dove into a bit more of what was going on. And before I kind of get into that, I would just say like if you have a Koopa hand warmer, stop using them. Check the recall info and follow the instructions on the recall notice. When I was uh doing the research, I found that basically the risks with heated apparel boil down to that they combine two things that are capable of causing a fire. or the first is a lithium ion battery and the second is resistive heating elements. They put those things together and they put them on your body or close to your body.你能解释一下什么是电阻发热元件吗？
英文原文
>> Can you explain what resistive heating elements means?我想最直观的形象就像烤面包机，烤面包机用的就是电阻发热元件。在电热装备中，他们使用的是更安全的材料，并不是裸露的电线之类，但原理基本相同：电池将能量通过一种会阻碍其流动的材质输送，从而产生摩擦与热量，并散发出来。它们主要由两种材料制成：石墨烯和碳纤维。据我了解，这些材料也被用于电热毯中，因此在本质上与电热毯原理相同。只要将能量通入这些材料，它们就会升温。
最严重的风险来自于锂电池的热失控。这些电池在极小的空间内压缩了巨大的能量，远超多节七号电池（AAA）这类电池。这也是让它们性能卓越且高效的原因。正常工作的锂电池在运行时也会散发一些热量，因为产生着大量能量。但有时电池可能存在缺陷，比如跌落、凹陷、过充或发生短路。在这些情况下就会发生热失控，某种诱因导致其过热，随后形成不受控制的自发连锁反应，进而可能引发火灾，因为正如刚才所说，这些电池内部积聚了巨大的能量。
英文原文
>> This is um I guess the best way I could visualize it is like a toaster uses resistive heating elements in the case of heated gear. It's they use safer materials. It's not like a exposed, you know, wire or anything like that, but it's basically the same idea. The battery is pushing energy through a material that slows it down and that generates friction and heat and gives off heat. There are two main materials that they're made out of. Graphine and carbon fiber and those have been used in I believe in heated blankets as well. So like it's it's the same idea as a heated blanket essentially too. There you have these materials that heat up when energy is pushed through them. So the most serious risk comes from what's called thermal runaway in lithium ion batteries. So these batteries pack a ton of power into a small space much more than like a bunch of AAA batteries for example. And this is what makes them really great and efficient. And a normal functioning lithium-ion battery will give off some heat while it's going because a lot of energy is being produced. But sometimes a battery will have a defect. Maybe it gets dropped or dented or it's overcharged or there's a short circuit. And in those cases, thermal runaway, it happens when when something like that causes it to overheat and it kind of feeds on itself in an uncontrolled way and it can cause a fire because there's a again there's a ton of energy packed into these batteries.这跟其他使用锂电池的产品遇到的问题一样吗？我特别想到关于电动自行车或电动滑板车电池起火的新闻。
英文原文
>> Is this the same issue that happens with other products that use lithium ion batteries? I'm thinking specifically about stories about uh electric bikes or electric scooters, the batteries catching on fire.完全一样。用的就是完全相同的电池，只是尺寸更小。所以你可能还记得十年前纽约发生的滑板车争议事件，或者是三星 Galaxy 手机——有些手机在飞机上起火。它们使用的是同类电池。
英文原文
>> Totally. These are the same exact batteries, just smaller. So, yeah, you might remember the scooter controversy in New York a decade ago or even the Samsung Galaxy phones. Some of them caused fires on airplanes. It's the same type of battery.所以基本上，因为它们使用了锂离子电池，就存在起火的潜在风险。
英文原文
>> So, basically, because these use lithium-ion batteries, there is this potential risk of a fire.确实如此。只要在使用锂电池，基本上就存在一定的火灾风险。另一个虽然没那么具毁灭性但依然真实存在的风险是：过热的暖手宝和袜子，特别是直接贴在裸露皮肤上时，可能造成烫伤和水泡。在电热袜上尤其如此。此前发出的很多召回通知中，都提到了在运动（尤其是高强度运动）期间发生的水泡和烫伤。因为有大量摩擦，加上汗液湿气，就会直接导致烫伤和水泡。
鞋垫则可以说是双重威胁。一旦出问题，鞋垫很难迅速脱掉；而且你还得让它们承受走路步数和自身体重的压力。有些鞋垫内部直接嵌入了锂电池。所以你可以想象，相比通常安放在马甲口袋里的电池，这种电池承受的物理损耗要多得多。在过去几年里，已经有五款电热鞋垫被召回，它们严重烫伤了人们的脚，达到了三度烫伤的程度。所以那里的风险相当大。
英文原文
>> Exactly. Essentially, anytime a lithium-ion battery is in use, there is some risk of a fire. The other risk that's a less catastrophic, but it's still real, is that hot hand warmers, hot socks, especially when they sit on bare skin, they can cause burns, blisters. And this was especially true with heated socks. A lot of the recalls notices that went out talked about blisters and burns during activity, especially highintensity activity. So, you've got a lot of friction, you've got moisture, and that just leads to burns and blisters. Insoles are kind of a double threat. They're hard to take off if there's a problem. And you're subjecting these things to the stresses of your footsteps and your weight. And some of them have lithium ion batteries embedded within the insole. So you can imagine like this battery is taking more abuse than an average battery that's like maybe sitting in a pocket of a vest. And in the last couple of years, there have been five recalled heated insoles that have badly burned people's feet, like thirdderee burns. So there there's a pretty good risk there.安全选购与认证识别
哇。那我想知道这个问题到底有多严重？人们是否应该绝对避免购买任何带有此类发热元件的产品？这方面的指导建议是什么？
英文原文
>> Wow. So I'm wondering how big of an issue is this? Should people absolutely avoid buying any product that has these heating elements in it? What's the guidance there?我不认为大家必须完全不买，但应该意识到其中的风险。所以我要说最核心、最重要的一点：任何由锂电池供电的物品都存在起火风险；而这类产品的特殊之处在于你恰好把它穿在身上。如果你已经拥有了电热装备，我建议先到美国消费品安全委员会（CPSC）可搜索的召回名单中核对，确保你拥有的物品不在名单上。另外，要学会注意电池出现问题的迹象，比如变色、严重的鼓包，以及类似带甜味的电气气味。
英文原文
>> I don't think people necessarily need to avoid buying them, but they should be aware of the risks. So I would say the topline most important takeaway is that anything powered by a lithium ion battery, there's a risk of fire. And then the extra part about this is that you happen to be wearing the thing. If you already own heated gear, I check with the Consumer Product Safety Commission's searchable recall list first just to make sure that anything you own isn't on there. Um, and then know how to pay attention to the signs of battery problems like discoloration, bulging is a big one, and like a sweet electrical smell.带甜味的电气气味，听起来可不妙。
英文原文
>> A sweet electrical smell. That does not sound nice.谁知道呢，难道大家不都熟悉那种甜腥的电气味吗？你说的变色和鼓包，具体是指电池周围吗？
英文原文
>> Don't know. Don't we all know? Don't we all know the sweet electrical smell? When you say discoloration and bulging, do you mean specifically around the battery?对，就在电池本体上。这说明是与电池相关的故障，可能是某个电芯过度膨胀了。
英文原文
>> Yeah, this is on the battery. So, this would this would be a problem related to the battery, maybe a cell has expanded too far.我想大多数人会理所当然地认为，如果从知名网站或大品牌购买产品，它很可能经过了非常严格的安全性测试或审查。电热装备也是这样吗？
英文原文
>> I think that most people would assume that if they're buying a product from a reputable website or a brand that it has likely been tested or vetted very carefully for safety. Is that the case with heated gear?未必。对于这些产品，我会比看待其他商品抱有更多怀疑态度。但我认为，要确切知道为电热装备或暖手宝供电的电池是否经过安全测试，实际上只有一种方法，那就是确认其认证资质。对此有两种查询途径：第一种是查看电池或暖手宝上是否有来自职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）下属实验室的标志。OSHA 设立了国家认可测试实验室项目，这些实验室简称为 NRTL。这词听着有点怪，但 OSHA 官网上有所有这些实验室标识的列表。如果该产品（特别是电池部分）没有这些标识之一，我会建议避开。
当然，网购时的难点在于你未必能在图片里看到电池的样子。我也曾在产品列表中仔细翻找过一些拿不准的款式。因此，许多 NRTL 实验室都设有数据库，可以在里面搜索产品品牌。目前并没有统一的数据库，你需要分别跳转到不同实验室网站去查，OSHA 网站上附有进入各个实验室的链接。但如果该品牌在这些数据库中都查不到，我同样会避开。
英文原文
>> Not necessarily. So, I'd approach any of these products with more skepticism than other products, but I would say there there's really only one way to know for sure whether a battery that powers your heated gear or hand warmer has been tested for safety, and that's to confirm its certifications. So, there's two ways to figure that out. The first is look for a mark on the battery or hand warmer from a lab that's a part of OSHA, which is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. They have a nationally recognized testing laboratory program and these labs are called Nerdles for short. It's kind of a weird word, but OSHA's website has a list of all these lab symbols. So, if the product, the battery specifically doesn't have one of those symbols, I would avoid it. The challenge, of course, when you're shopping online is that you can't necessarily see the picture of the battery. And I've dug through product listings to look for certain ones that I was unsure about. So, a lot of these labs, these Nerdles have databases where you can search the product's brand. So, there isn't a centralized one. You'd have to kind of pop around to different ones, and the links are on OSHA's website to go to the labs. But, if the brand isn't listed on any of these databases, I would also avoid it.假定某款产品拥有这类认证之一，是否意味着它就绝对万无一失、一定安全？
英文原文
>> So, let's say a product has one of those certifications. Does it mean it's just like it's bulletproof, it's going to be safe?不，未必。我们之前选为平价推荐的 Ocoopa 暖手宝其实通过了 UL 认证，顺便提一下，UL 是美国制定所有这些测试标准的大型主流实验室。Ocoopa 确实经过了实验室的 UL 认证，但当我和一位电池专家交流时，他告诉我这些测试虽然严格，但并不一定会考虑长期的日常使用情况，因此无法立即发现某些缺陷。有些暖手宝已经在市面上销售了很长一段时间。但即使考虑到这一点，总体而言，购买经过这些实验室测试和认证的产品，依然远比选择未经认证的产品安全得多。
英文原文
>> No. Uh, not necessarily. So the AUPA hand warmers that were our budget pick were actually ULcertified and UL by the way they are a major lab in the United States that basically sets all these testing standards. So Akoopas were ULcertified by a lab but when I spoke to a battery expert he told me that the tests that they run are rigorous but they don't necessarily test and consider long-term use. So they wouldn't necessarily catch some defects right away. Some of these hand warmers have been out in the world for a while. But even given that, overall, I would say it's still much safer to buy a product that's been tested and certified by these labs than choosing one that isn't.如果有人想买这类装备，在挑选品牌或避开品牌方面你有什么建议吗？比如我在亚马逊上浏览这些商品时，感觉充斥着很多我完全没听说过的牌子。
是的，我绝对会避开所谓的“字母汤”杂牌。
英文原文
>> If someone is sort of interested in getting some of this gear, do you have any guidance around the brands to stick with or the brands to avoid? I feel like when I've gone and looked at these products on Amazon, for for instance, there's a lot of brands that I don't recognize at all. Yeah, I would definitely avoid the so-called alphabet soup brands.好吧，那是什么意思？[笑声]
英文原文
>> Okay, what does that mean? [laughter]我想我们在某种程度上都碰到过这种品牌。它们在亚马逊上一夜之间冒出来又迅速消失，名字通常全是大写字母，常常是由莫名其妙的字母拼凑在一起。看看电热装备的召回名单，就会发现像 Meet Sono、Tajari 这类的牌子。就像你在 Reddit 聊天室里匿名发言时随手给自己起的名字一样。
英文原文
>> I think we've all dealt with those on some level. It's the brands that come and go overnight on Amazon. They're usually in all caps. They're usually incomprehensible letters together. Just looking at like the recall list of heated gear, it's like I'm looking at brands like Meet Sono and Tajari, things like that. Um, you know, Like the names you'd give yourself if you were like incognito in a Reddit chat or something like that.没错，就像 Reddit 系统自动生成的用户名。
英文原文
>> Exactly. Yeah. It's like the autogenerated Reddit usernames.没错。所以请坚持选择你熟知的品牌，或者拥有正规官方网站、明确展示其认证资质的品牌。你得坚持选择那些看起来更靠谱的产品。
英文原文
>> Yeah. So stick with brands that they're either brands you know they're brands that appear to have like a solid website information about their certifications. You need to be sticking with things that seem a little bit more legit.确实，要选透明度高、能够验证的。
英文原文
>> Definitely. And ones that are transparent and that are verifiable.电热产品的使用与出行安全
明白了，这很有道理。[音乐] 我们先稍作休息，回来后 Kyle 和我们聊聊不用电池也能保暖的方法。稍后见。
[音乐]
欢迎回来，Kyle。接下来我们将听听你关于冬天如何分层穿搭保暖的建议。但在开始之前，我还想再补充问两个与电池相关的问题。如果有人已经拥有这类电热衣物——暖手宝、电热袜或马甲——在安全使用方面有什么建议吗？
英文原文
>> Okay, that makes sense. [music] We're going to take a quick break and then Kyle, let's chat about the ways to stay warm without batteries. We'll be right back.[music]
[music]
[music]
Welcome back, Kyle. We're going to get into some of your advice around how to layer, how to dress warmly in the winter. But before we do, I just want to touch on a couple more things battery related. If someone has one of these heated pieces of clothing, the hand warmers, the socks, the vest, is there any guidance around how to use these things safely?
我要说的第一点，是务必严格遵守制造商在说明书里给出的指引。我知道这听起来显而易见，但在此类产品上尤为关键。比如：务必在视线所及的开阔区域为电池充电；不要在无人看管的情况下通宵充电；把电池和暖手宝放在不易过热的地方，切忌塞在毛毯下或滑落进沙发垫缝隙中；切勿过度充电。还有一个看似显而易见但极易被遗忘的细节：比如把马甲扔进洗衣机之前，一定要先把电池取出来。
英文原文
>> The first thing I'll say is to just always follow the instructions that the manufacturer gives in the manual. I know that seems obvious, but in this case, it's pretty critical. So, there are things like always charge the battery in an open area where you can see them. Don't charge them overnight unattended. Keep the batteries and hand warmers out of places where they can overheat, like tucked under blankets or if they fall between couch cushions, stuff like that. Don't overcharge them. And this one seems obvious, but it's potentially easy to forget, which is remove the battery before you put a vest through the washing machine, for example,对吧？
英文原文
>> right?还有就是我们之前提到的，要懂得识别常见的电池故障征兆，以便在出现异常时及时察觉。
英文原文
>> And then again, we've touched on this before, but know how to spot the common battery problems so that you know when something's going wrong.携带这类物品出行有什么具体指引吗？可以直接扔进行李箱，还是有什么需要注意的事项？
英文原文
>> Is there any guidance around traveling with these types of things? is like, can you just throw one into your luggage or is there something you need to know about that?是的，出行问题也非常重要。首先，任何锂电池都绝对不能放入托运行李中，航空公司通常都会明确说明这一点，但仍然值得反复强调。此外，美国联邦航空管理局（FAA）发布了许多出行准则。我建议访问 FAA 官网查看其出行指南。他们对作为随身手提行李携带登机的电池组类型设置了一些限制。因此在携带电热装备出行前，建议仔细核对这些规定。
英文原文
>> Yeah, the travel issue is a big one, too. Um, none of these lithium-ion batteries should go into checked luggage first off and and usually airlines are pretty good about communicating that, but bears repeating. And there's a lot of uh travel guidelines that the FAA has issued. I would go to the FAA site and look at their travel guidelines. There are some limits that they've put on the types of battery packs that you can bring aboard as part of your carry-on. So, I would double check those before you travel and bring heated gear with you.听起来要安全使用这些装备，得做大量的功课，去核查是否被召回，或者能否携带登机。这看起来相当费事。
英文原文
>> So, what I'm hearing is to use this gear safely, you need to do a lot of research and go check if there's a recall or if you can travel with it. It seems like a lot of work.[笑声] 确实极其让人困惑，很遗憾必须这么说。作为亲身经历过这些的人，我可以说这确实是个大麻烦。所以如果你准备购买这类产品，请把这些记在心上。
英文原文
>> It's [laughter] incredibly confusing and I'm sorry to say that. Um, as someone who's been down this road, I can say it's a big headache. So, just keep that in mind if you're ready to buy one of these things.冬季科学分层穿搭保暖法
好的，那我们花点时间来谈谈非电池供电的服装。Kyle，你在冬天花大量时间在户外，经常处于冰点以下的严寒环境中，为 Wirecutter 测试过海量装备。我想请教一下，对于冬天总觉得冷的人——他们的手总是冰凉，脚总是冰凉——在如何穿戴保暖方面，你有什么建议？仅仅是换更好的装备，还是说在保暖方面有其他的方法建议？
英文原文
Okay, so let's spend a little time talking about non battery operated clothing. Kyle, you spend a ton of time outside in, you know, in the winter you're in sub freezing temperatures all the time. You test a ton of gear for wire cutter. I'm wondering for people who are always cold in the winter. They their hands are always cold. Their feet are always cold. Do you have any advice for how to dress to stay warm in the cold weather? Is it just about getting better gear or is there some kind of other advice you have for staying warm?这绝对是双管齐下的。一方面有能让你更暖和的更好装备，另一方面也有如何穿着这些装备的保暖原则。
我先从原则说起。如果你遵循基础的“三层穿搭策略”，会对你大有帮助。 第一点是内层（排汗层）。我推荐美利奴羊毛（merino wool），它是非常理想的选择。它有助于让皮肤表面的湿气排出，防止冷空气接触带有微量湿气的皮肤时产生那种湿冷感。整体上你需要具有排汗导湿功能的材质，不一定非要是美利奴羊毛，但它通常是最好的。
接着，你需要在内层之上穿一件中间层（保暖层）。它的作用是锁住身体热量、保持温暖，起到绝热绝温的作用。所以像抓绒衣、马甲都可以；我推荐羽绒，因为羽绒非常暖和；甚至一件羽绒夹克也可以当作所谓的“中间层”。
英文原文
>> It's definitely twofold. There there is better gear that will keep you warmer and then there are also principles about how to wear that gear that will help you stay warm. So, I'll start with the principles. If you follow a basic three layering strategy, it will really help you a lot. So, the first idea is to have a base layer. I recommend marino wool. It's ideal for this type of purpose. It helps keep the moisture off your skin and it helps prevent that chilling effect that you get when cold air touches skin that has a little bit of moisture on it. You want something overall that wicks moisture. It doesn't have to be marino wool, but that's usually the best. And then you want a mid layer that goes over your base layer. And this is what traps your body heat and keeps you warm and it's insulating. So anything like a fleece, a vest, I recommend down because it's very warm. even a down jacket and you can use as a a quote unquote mid layer.我在编辑 Wirecutter 所有床上用品报道时学到的一点是：在床上常能让你保持温暖的，其实是各层被褥之间锁住的空气层。身上穿的衣服也是同样的道理吗？
英文原文
>> Something I have learned from editing all of wire cutters bedding coverage is that the thing that often keeps you warm in bed is the air pockets that are trapped between the various layers of your bedding. Is it the same with the sort of the layers that you're wearing?完全是同一个道理。比如抓绒面料，它拥有卷曲的纤维，可以锁住空气囊并把热量留在身体周围；羽绒也是如此，对吧？它的蓬松度提供了大量被锁住的空气。关于穿羽绒我有一点要提醒：如果在羽绒外面穿夹克，一定要确保外面足够宽松，不要把羽绒压扁，这样才能让你穿的马甲或夹克内部保持空气蓬松度。
英文原文
>> It's the same exact idea. So with fleece, you have these curly fibers that trap air pockets and keep the the heat close to your body. with down, right? It the loft provides a lot of that trapped air. The one thing I'll say about wearing down is that if you wear a jacket over it, you want to make sure it's loose enough so it doesn't compress that down. Keeps that air lofted in in the vest or the jacket that you're wearing.所以本质上就像是在自己身体周围创造一个小空气气泡。
英文原文
>> So, you're essentially like trying to create like a little air bubble around yourself.没错，在里面留出一个微小的热空气气囊。
英文原文
>> Exactly. Yeah. You got a little hot air pocket in there.是的。
英文原文
>> Yeah.我鼓励大家去尝试不同类型的中间层。我自己在滑雪时会进行组合：穿一件抓绒衣，外面套一件马甲；有时候如果天气特别冷，我会穿一件羽绒夹克，然后在最外面套一层外壳（冲锋层），比如硬壳夹克，老实说甚至一件雨衣都行。外壳层的作用是抵御风和雨水，主要是湿气和降雪。因为如果你穿着羽绒服在外面一旦被雨淋湿，水分一旦渗入，就会降低羽绒的保暖性能。所以如果在湿冷天气外出，有一件能抵挡湿气的外层，能让里面的羽绒夹克持续发挥良好的保暖表现。
英文原文
>> What I would encourage is people to experiment with different types of mid layers. I've combined while I'm out skiing, I'll put on a fleece and I'll put on a vest over that. Sometimes if it's really cold, I'll throw on a down jacket and then I'll throw an outer layer on top of it like a shell. Either that can come in the form of a a shell jacket. You could even use honestly a rain jacket works. And and that outer layer is designed to protect you from wind and rain, basically moisture, snow. Because if you're wearing a down jacket out and it's wet, it's going to reduce the insulating quality of that down and once it starts to get wet. So, if you're going out in the wet weather, an outer layer that uh will protect you from that moisture will keep that down jacket performing well.手部与足部防寒对策
那手部怎么办？我觉得手总是个让人头疼的部位。即使有人的躯干核心不冷，手有时却怎么也暖不起来。
英文原文
>> Well, what about hands? Because I feel like that is always the troublesome part. Even if you're somebody who doesn't your core isn't cold, the hands sometimes you can just never get them warm.我个人就有这个问题，所以完全能感同身受。我想说我们滑雪手套指南里的任何手套都很棒，它们就是专门为极端环境下的保暖设计的。如果你的手总是发冷，我强烈推荐连指手套（mittens）。它们能让你的手指并拢聚在一起，彼此温暖。我自己最心仪的连指手套就在我们的滑雪手套指南中，名叫 Black Diamond Mercury。过去十年里我买过好几双。我敢说自己滑雪的日子里有 75% 都在戴这款连指手套，它具有非常厚实蓬松的保暖隔热层。
另一件你可以做的事就是遵循同样的分层原则：你可以在手掌上先戴一层薄内胆手套（glove liner），然后再把手套进连指手套里。确保手套和连指手套尺码合适也非常关键。如果太紧，会压扁内部的保暖填充材料。想一想，虽然这里不是羽绒填充，而是人造合成纤维，但它的设计初衷是一样的，都是通过在这些空气囊中创造蓬松度来实现保暖。如果压紧了它们，就会把保暖层中的空气挤出去，效果就会大打折扣。因此，我宁愿买偏大一点也不要偏小。这也让你能在戴连指手套前先套上一双内胆手套，增加额外的排汗与保暖效果。
英文原文
>> I have a problem with that personally, so I can relate definitely. I would say any gloves from our ski gloves guide are great. They're designed to keep people warm in extreme conditions. I highly recommend mittens if your hands are always cold. Those keep your fingers together and and grouped together so they can keep each other warm. My uh mitten of choice is in our ski gloves guide. It's called the Black Diamond Mercury. I've owned a couple pairs over the last decade. I'd say 75% of the days I'm skiing, I'm wearing those mittens. They have a really thick lofty insulation.The other thing you can do is follow the same principles of of basically layering. You can put a line a glove liner over your hand and put those in a mitten. It's also important to make sure that your gloves and mittens fit right. Um, if they're too tight, it's going to compress the insulation. So, if you think about this isn't down insulation, in this case, it's synthetic, but it's designed to do the same thing and create this loft. in these air pockets. If you compress them, it pushes the air out of the insulation and it won't work as well. So, I would air on the side of bigger rather than smaller. This also allows you to put a glove liner over your hands before you put them into the mitten, which adds a little bit extra moisture wicking and insulation as well.
你把我说笑了，因为我回想起我孩子还小的时候给他们买连指手套，总想着买一套能连用三年的。所以第一年戴在他们手上巨大无比，到了最后一年又太紧，他们总觉得不舒服。现在我终于明白为什么他们的手到后来总暖和不起来了。
英文原文
>> You're making me laugh because I'm remembering when I would get mittens for my kids when they were little and I would try to buy a set that I could use for like three years in a row. So the first year they'd be huge on their hands and then by the last year they'd be too tight and they were always uncomfortable. So now I understand why their hands were not staying warm at the end.完全正确。[音乐]
英文原文
>> Totally. [music]好的。那脚部呢？关于脚大家应该考虑些什么？
英文原文
>> Okay. So what about feet? What should people think about here?脚部，是的。最重要的一点：穿对袜子。
英文原文
>> Feet. Yeah. Most important thing, the right socks.确实。
英文原文
>> Yes.避开棉袜。棉袜会让湿气直接停留在你的脚面皮肤上，会非常难受，你的脚会感到冰凉刺骨。我推荐厚重款（heavyweight）袜子。美利奴羊毛很棒，羊驼毛（alpaca wool）也很棒，市面上也有两者混纺的袜子。我浏览网站上的袜子选购指南时，注意到有一款叫 Tabio Extremely Warm Alpaca Merino wool lounge socks。如果你看图片，它们自带一点蓬松感，编织方式让它们显得蓬松厚实。这背后依然是相同的原理，对吧？它拥有能帮你双脚保暖的绝热保暖性能。如果你不想买新袜子，也可以尝试分层穿搭，套穿两双袜子，虽然舒适度稍差一些。我建议直接寻找厚重款。
第二个要素是穿对靴子。在冬天，甚至在稍冷的天气和过渡季节，你确实需要保暖靴。普通运动鞋、雨靴内部没有任何保暖隔热层，在寒冷天气里脚会很快变冷，特别是在冰冷的地面上。我们在网站上有完整的冬季雪地靴指南，我的同事 Trey French 在那篇指南里做得非常棒，里面有很多很好的选择。
英文原文
>> Avoid cotton. They're going to make that moisture sit right on top of your feet. It's going to be really uncomfortable and your feet are going to feel really cold. I recommend something heavyweight. Marino wool is great. Alpaka wool is great. There are some socks out there that a combo of both. I was taking a a look through our socks guide on the site and I noticed there was one called the Tabio Extremely Warm Alpaka Marino wool lounge socks. If you look at the the picture, they have like a little bit of loft to them. Like they're they're knitted in such a way that they are kind of like fluffy and lofty. And so that same idea and principle is there, right? Like you've got some insulating quality that will help your feet stay warm. You could potentially layer if if you don't want to buy new socks, you could try layering two socks that is a little less comfortable. I would just look for something heavyweight. And then the second component is the right boots. You really want insulated boots in the winter and and even in chilly slightly chilly weather and shoulder season weather. sneakers, rain boots, those don't have any insulation and your feet will get cold very quickly in in cold weather, especially on cold ground. So, we have a whole winter boots guide. My colleague Trey French did a great job with that. There's a lot of great options in that guide.太好了。我正好需要重新审视一下我的冬季靴子了，所以一定会去查阅。Kyle，非常高兴你能来上节目。你对装备了解得太多了，我们很快会再请你回来。
英文原文
>> I love that. I need to revisit my winter boot situation, so I'll be checking that out. [music] Kyle, it has been great having you on the show. You know much about gear, [music] and we'll have you back soon.感谢邀请。
英文原文
>> Thanks for having me.[音乐]
你可以在节目简介中找到 Kyle 文章的链接，以及本期节目中推荐的所有产品。
[音乐]
The Wirecutter Show 的执行制作人是 Rosie Garin，制作人是 Abigail Keel。[音乐] 工程支持来自 Mattie Maziello 和 Nick Pitman。本期节目由 Catherine Anderson 混音。[音乐] 原创音乐由 Dan Powell、Marian Lozano、Rowan Nemoto、Katherine Anderson 以及 Diane Wong 创作。Cliff Levy 是 Wirecutter 的副出版人兼总经理。Ben Frumin 是 Wirecutter 的总编辑。[音乐]
我是 Christine Zerette。感谢收听。
[音乐]
英文原文
>> [music][music]
You'll find a link to Kyle's article as well as all the products we recommended in this episode in the show notes.
[music]
The Wire Cutter Show is executive produced by Rosie Garin and produced by Abigail Keel. [music] Engineering support from Mattie Maziello and Nick Pitman. Today's episode was mixed by Catherine [music] Anderson. original music by Dan Powell, Marian Lozano, Rowan Nemoto, Katherine Anderson, and [music] Diane Wong. Cliff Levy is Wire Cutter's deputy publisher and general manager. Ben Freeman is Wire Cutters editor-inchief. [music]
I'm Christine Sirette. Thanks for listening.
[music]