AI 革命与农业生产力变革的启示 Joseph Wang 2026-05-16

农业生产力革命的启示:当工具变得极度高效

回顾过去一个世纪,农业经历了翻天覆地的生产力革命。150年前,近半数人口从事农业,属于生存型农业。而今天,仅有极小比例的劳动人口从事农业,却能生产比以往多得多的农产品,且人均肉类消费持续上升。

这种现象的魔力在于生产力。过去依赖人力,现在拥有能在一日内耕作数百英亩的巨型机械,以及合成肥料和先进的农学技术。这种技术进步极大提升了单位劳动力产出,使少数人即可养活庞大人口。

然而,从农民视角看,这并非简单的财富增长。生产力激增具有毁灭性。当工具普及,农产品产量剧增,导致产品价格暴跌。农民为了购置这些工具背负了沉重债务,而实物产出的增加在货币化层面被价格崩盘所抵消,导致实际收入缩水,大量农民破产,被迫转向制造和服务行业。

Original English Source So, if you look at this chart, I'd say 150 years ago, you had basically about half the population work in agriculture. Most people were just you know uh I guess subsistence farmers maybe they had slightly bigger farms where they could sell their produce but people worked the land. Now between then and now you have this dramatic shrinkage of the amount of people who are farming the land. It's very just a very very small u percentage of the US labor force is in agriculture right now. Yet at the same time we produce much more farm products today than we ever have before and people eat much better than they did before. Meat consumption per capita has steadily risen over the past 100 years largely due to the abundance of chicken. So how do we reconcile this? Fewer people working and yet you're producing more and everyone is eating better. In fact, some would say uh because of the obesity crisis, some are eating too much. Well, the magic of this of course is productivity. Over the last hundred years, there's been revolutions in farming. Now in the past we were toing with just manual labor. Now we have machinery huge machinery that can just teal hundreds of acres in a single day. We have a lot more technology when it comes to synthetic fertilizers and all sorts of agricultural techniques. So all of this technological knowhow massively massively increase productivity such that only a small number of people can produce even more and support a larger population.

So think about it from the farmer's perspective now. Wow, suddenly you have all these tools. You can produce so much more stuff. You become much more productive. Does that mean you become richer? Does that mean you become more successful? Actually, just look at the numbers, you can see no actually it was ruinous. Ruinous for the typical farmer. What happened is that everyone got these tools and they began to produce tremendous amounts of stuff and prices for their agricultural products plummeted and so they were not able to make any money and the problem was they also took on a lot of debt to buy all these productivity enhancing tools and they could not repay that debt because their nominal income shrink. Even though in real terms they were producing more and more goods and services again in monetary terms the prices of those goods had imploded and so their income declined and so they were have trouble paying their debt and so many of them filed for bankruptcy. They had to go find new jobs elsewhere. Again the earlier adopters to this stuff the very very earlier people they had a head start. they were able to produce a lot of farm products and reap a lot of um income as prices were not yet imploded but that was only the early advantage people and eventually though of course prices imploded and they got uh impacted as well. At the end of the day the people who survived were the few very large farms that had a lot of capital were able to have economies of scale and consolidate their operations but for for most everyone else who was a farmer life was not good. So what happened was that they eventually had to leave the agriculture industry. They became they worked in manufacturing and they became people in the service industry. Back in the day they were the service industry wasn't very large. Now it's a larger sector in the US. And so basically you have this whole entire new realm of economic opportunity. I mean I mean think about it podcasters, substack writers, stuff like that. And so not just lawyers and doctors traditional side but all these new service industries that did not exist in the past were basically created and all these people found something to do. It was a long and painful process but eventually the economy uh writed itself.

AI 革命:知识工作的终极生产力

AI 对于知识工作者而言,正如机械化之于农民,是一种近乎无限的生产力提升

如果过去需要支付费用聘请医生进行医疗数据分析,如今 AI 可以在瞬间以极低成本提供全球顶尖水平的分析。这种对服务产出的巨大推动力,不仅会增加服务总量,更会导致服务价格的剧烈通缩。

AI 带来的财富效应体现在实物/实际价值层面(每个人变得更富有,获取信息成本更低),但在名义货币层面,服务提供者将面临收入大幅缩水。竞争将不仅来自同行,更来自 AI 代理。正如农业革命中售卖农具的企业获利,AI 时代的真正赢家是基础设施与芯片供应商,而非模型应用本身。

Original English Source So I mentioned this because uh AI is going to be like this as well. So at the end of the day AI is basically infinite productivity for knowledge work right. So let's say that usually if I had some medical problem or some medical data that I wanted to have analyzed, I could go to a doctor, pay the doctor some money and I would get analysis. And today I can get basically the very best analysis in the entire world by AI in just uh basically just an instant and it cost very very barely any money. Like for cloud it's like $100 a month and you of course you can use free services from Gemini and other AI as well. So that is a massive massive increase in the production of services. Massive. And for the people who can take advantage of this early, let's say you have a law firm, maybe you are solo practitioner. Now you can do legal research, of course, supervised legal research with AI. Maybe you can handle more cases. That's massive amount of productivity boost. You can produce a lot of legal work. But again, this massive productivity is going to vastly increase the amount of goods and services produced. sorry, amounts of services produced and that's going to lead to much lower prices for services. So all these doctors are going to have to compete with the AI agents. Again, medicine is highly regulated, but what could happen is that people simply don't go to doctors as much simply because they can ask AI and get reasonably good um advice and probably one day much better advice. So in any case just like farming innovation produced tremendous increase in goods farming goods. So this AI revolution vastly increases the amount of services produced.

So that is services that that is I think in real terms that means you are wealthier. Everyone is wealthier. I eat better today because of the farming revolution and I get much better information because of the AI revolution. information that would have in the past cost me a lot of money. But again, the people who are selling these services, their income is going to massively deflate, right? So, at the end of the day, they're not really making any money off of this. Nobody is really making any money of this uh except the providers of the chips and semiconductors. Just like back in the agricultural revolution, it was the people who sold farming equipment, sold the technology, the fertilizers that made a lot of money. Everyone else not really so much. the public of course got to eat better. So it is for the AI stuff, all these models, all these service providers, there's going to be massive deflation in the stuff that they sell. And so they're not going to make any money. All these anthropics, the open AIS, not just that they're competing amongst themselves, but you also have in China a whole bunch of models that are basically open sourced and um are just a few months behind the frontier models. And maybe one day as technology advances, we'll have just localized models on our cell phones. So the winners of course are going to be uh the big chip providers at the moment at least until it becomes more competitive. The chip providers, the people who buy the pick picks and shovels, but no one is really making any money off of that. And that's important to think of because let's say if you were thinking that the AI revolution would would somehow solve the national debt, well that's just not going to happen because the debt is in nominal terms. But the AI productivity that's in real terms and when you have a massive increase in real goods and services you have deflation in the nominal prices and so you don't actually make income. So like I said before is going to make all of us wealthier but at the end of the day uh not many of us are going to make money and a lot of us are just going to have to find new jobs. Where those jobs are I have no idea. No one imagined that we would have say podcaster, substack writer or whatnot 100 years ago. And so in the future there will be new jobs that um emerged that people cannot imagine right now at the moment.

📌 文中提及的人物和组织

公司/组织: OpenAI, Anthropic

产品/模型: Gemini, GPT-4o

媒体/书籍: Central Banking 101

关键字: productivity-revolution technological-displacement deflationary-services ai-impact economic-structure