地缘妥协、拨款停滞与都市边缘的生存智慧 New York Times Podcasts 2026-08-04

霍尔木兹海峡的妥协与伊朗的地缘权力重构

在波斯湾地缘政治的最新演变中,一项关于重新开放霍尔木兹海峡(Strait of Hormuz: 连接波斯湾 and 阿曼湾的战略性石油海上通道)的协议正在逐步成型。然而,这一外交突破是以确立伊朗对该国际水道的实质性控制为代价的。根据伊朗与阿曼(海峡两侧国家)正在商讨的方案,驶入海峡的船只将通过伊朗控制的通道,而驶出的船只将通过阿曼控制的通道,伊朗还将对此类船只征收服务费。这赋予了德黑兰远超战前的地缘政治杠杆(Geopolitical Leverage: 国家通过控制关键通道获取的政治议价能力)。

尽管此举直接违背了美方“无条件重新开放海峡”的一贯立场,但由于海峡封锁导致全球能源价格飙升,面临选民压力的特朗普总统在此事上保持了微妙的沉默。与此同时,国务卿马科·卢比奥警告称,这可能会为全球其他国家树立危险的先例。美国中央司令部此前试图通过高强度轰炸迫使海峡开放,但军方评估认为美军的打击行动已达效能极限。在这场被中东专家称为“无法打赢的战争与不可接受的和平”的博弈中,全球供应链正承受重压,目前仍有约6000名船员被困于该水道中,部分船员组织直言他们感到“被彻底遗弃且毫无保护”。

Original English Source

In the Middle East, a deal is coming together to reopen the Straight of Hormuz. But it could come at a price, effectively cementing Iran's control over what had been an open international waterway. The agreement that's being worked out is between Iran and Oman, the countries on either side of the strait. Officials familiar with the talks say what's being discussed is a setup in which ships heading into the straight would go through a channel controlled by Iran and ships coming out would go through a channel controlled by Oman. Iranian officials say those ships would be charged a service fee. The deal would give Iran vastly more leverage over the strait than it had before the war. For his part, President Trump has said little about the emerging agreement, which would go against his administration's repeated demands that the strait be reopened with no restrictions. Secretary of State Marco Rubio has warned that if Iran takes control of the international waterway, it could set a dangerous precedent for other countries to do the same around the world. But for Trump, it's important politically to get ships moving again since the closure has ratcheted up global energy prices, and Americans are feeling it. The administration had tried to reopen the strait by force using heavy bombing campaigns to try and prevent Iran from being able to attack ships in the waterway, but according to officials, the head of US Central Command has said those American strikes have reached the limit of their effectiveness. One Middle East expert at a nonprofit think tank told the Times that quote, "Trump's options are between an unwininnable war and an unpalatable peace. Meanwhile, with the future of the Straight of Hormuz still up in the air, roughly 6,000 sailors remain stranded in the waterway, according to the International Maritime Organization. While many ships that were trapped at the beginning of the war have sailed out during pauses in the fighting, for example, or by being guided by the US military, others haven't been able to get through or don't want to take the risk. An official with a union representing some of the sailors still in the Gulf told the Times they feel quote absolutely abandoned, absolutely unprotected. Shipping experts say that crew members can ask to be taken off the ships and flown home, but those evacuations are rare.

在建立这种外部地缘政治防线的同时,美国国内政治同样面临着内部冲突与行政拨款停滞的双重挑战,暴露出行政权力内部的深度分歧。

华盛顿的内部政争与隐性扣留的基建资金

特朗普政府在内政管理上面临着内部政治冲突与行政拨款停滞的双重挑战。首先是围绕华盛顿特区联邦检察官珍妮·皮罗的争议。作为特朗普的长期盟友,皮罗因在一桩涉及林肯纪念堂反光池的破坏案中撤销对四名被告的起诉而遭到总统公开指责。皮罗在法庭文件中指出,反光池的损坏源于豆腐渣工程而非特朗普宣称的“持刀左翼激进分子”,这直接违背了白宫的叙事线索。虽然面临总统在媒体前的严厉斥责,但皮罗在随后的白宫办公室会议中并未被解雇或主动辞职,折射出白宫与司法体系盟友之间的微妙张力。

然而,更具系统性影响的是特朗普政府对国会已批准的资本投资赠款(Capital Investment Grants: 联邦政府向地方社区发放的用于公共交通项目的专项补助资金)的暗中冻结。目前有超过70亿美元的公共交通资金被悄然滞留。受影响的社区包括急需扩建轨道交通以筹备2034年冬奥会的犹他州,以及申请资金改造致命路段信号灯与人行道的马里兰州某县。不同于第一任期内直接提议取消该项目的做法,本届政府采取了更为隐蔽的策略:不直接终止赠款,而是利用漫长的多阶段审批程序实施无限期拖延。这种口袋否决式行政手段使地方社区难以发起法律诉讼,使行政不作为成为一种极难追踪的对抗工具。

Original English Source

I was disappointed with Janine Piro. Really disappointed with Janine Piro. She folded like an umbrella. President Trump openly railed against Janine Piro, the Fox News personality he appointed as US attorney for DC, saying she shouldn't have dropped a series of vandalism charges in the Reflecting Pool case. Piro, who has been a longtime ally of Trump's, publicly contradicted him in a recent court filing when she said problems with the pool were due to shoddy construction work, not left-wing radicals with knives, as Trump has claimed. Prosecutors have now dropped charges against four defendants accused of vandalism. You're reconsidering her role. You're I don't know what you You don't You're fake news. Don't Don't ever talk again. You're fake news. One of the one of the When asked whether Piro would keep her position, Trump lashed out at the reporter. Later, Piro came to the White House for a meeting with the president in the Oval Office. According to two people briefed on the outcome, she wasn't fired, nor did she offer her resignation. And a second update now, the Times has been looking at a pot of money the Trump administration isn't spending. For decades, the federal government has issued big grants to communities all over the US for public transit projects. Railroad tracks, train stations, better bus service, etc. They're called capital investment grants. Congress has designated funds for that purpose. But right now, under this administration, more than $7 billion haven't been allocated to any project. There are a lot of communities that say they could use this money. For example, Utah is trying to get ready to host the Winter Olympics in 2034, which sounds far off, but adding more rail infrastructure to shuttle people around takes time. And one county in Maryland is asking for money to help revamp traffic signals and sidewalks along a busy stretch of road where several pedestrians have died. They're waiting to see what will happen with their requests. But so far, the Trump administration hasn't signed a single new agreement under the program. In Trump's first term in office, his administration proposed eliminating this funding altogether. Congress funded it anyway. This new tactic is more subtle. Instead of terminating grants, which often ends up in court, it's just quietly not giving out new ones. The absence of action is harder to trace and harder for communities to contest. In response to questions from the Times about the unspent money, the Department of Transportation said that projects were working their way through the multi-stage grant process required by law.

在国家机器的治理手段发生微妙转变的同时,全球社会领域的伦理关切也在重塑商业娱乐的边界,直接推动了传统竞技行业的衰亡。

产业落幕:新西兰灰狗赛跑禁令与行业的全球消亡

在跨国社会文化层面,动物福利保护(Animal Welfare: 旨在保障非人类动物健康和免受虐待的伦理及法律框架)倡议正在全球范围内重塑娱乐产业版图。新西兰日前举办了国内最后一场灰狗赛跑,随后政府因动物健康堪忧——包括极高的伤亡率以及给犬只注射违禁药物等丑闻——正式颁布了禁狗赛令。政府为此设立了专门基金用于行业从业人员(如育犬员、犬舍员工和赛事官员)的再就业培训,并协助为大约1400只退役赛犬寻找领航家庭。

虽然部分不愿转行的从业者计划前往澳大利亚、英国、爱尔兰或美国等少数仍允许该项运动的国家,但灰狗赛跑在全球范围内的消亡趋势已不可逆转。以美国为例,该项运动曾在20世纪80和90年代的鼎盛时期吸引了数千万观众,其上座率甚至超过了当年的冰球和网球联赛。而如今,全美仅剩西弗吉尼亚州的最后两处赛道,且美国国会正积极推动在今年内出台全国性禁令。这一历史性的衰退表明,商业化动物竞技在现代社会伦理审视下已逐渐失去生存空间。

Original English Source

few days ago in New Zealand, crowds gathered for what was the last greyhound race in the country. The government banned the races amid growing concerns about the dog's well-being. An official from New Zealand's Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals said for years there had been high rates of serious injuries and deaths, as well as concerns about the dogs being given banned substances. New Zealand is following in the footsteps of almost every other country in the world where greyhound races have been banned. The government has acknowledged this will be a challenge for the people working in the industry including breeders, kennel staff, and race officials. And it has set aside money to help with job training among other things, as well as finding new homes for roughly 1,400 dogs. Some industry workers told the Times though that they would leave New Zealand to keep racing greyhounds. That could take them to one of just four countries where the sport is still legal. Australia, the UK, Ireland, and the US. But even within those countries, the sport is disappearing. In the US, for example, Greyhound racing used to draw tens of millions of spectators in the 80s and '90s when it was at its height. That was more people than came out annually to watch hockey or tennis. Now though, there are just two tracks left in the country, both in West Virginia. And lawmakers in Congress have been moving this year to ban the sport in the US altogether.

不仅是赛狗等宏观娱乐业在社会伦理下退场,微观的城市文化生活也在现代环境规制中艰难求生,促使街头艺人发展出独特的物理适应机制。

都市回音:纽约街头噪音下的风笛手生存空间

在城市文化生态的微观视角中,纽约市的乐手们正在发展出一套独特的物理与心理适应机制。对于风笛等超大音量乐器的演奏者而言,如何在不严重干扰邻里生活的前提下进行练习是一项巨大的挑战。以风笛手克里斯托弗·罗德里格斯为例,他曾因练习风笛在街头与行人发生冲突、遭到邻居暴力威胁,甚至多次被报警驱逐。这些冲突逼迫他寻找处于城市日常噪音辐射之外的“声音盲区”。

为了实现这一目标,罗德里格斯开发了独特的城市噪音覆盖(Urban Noise Cover: 利用背景噪声掩盖特定声音以减少对邻里干扰的技巧)空间:他在布鲁克林常青公墓的墓碑与山丘之间演奏,或在皇后区埃尔姆赫斯特的一条死胡同里排练——那里正对着布鲁克林-皇后区高速公路(BQE),滚滚的车流轰鸣声恰好能够遮盖风笛的尖锐声音。尽管风笛这种诞生于空旷战场的乐器与高密度都市存在天然的冲突,且乐手们常梦想迁往郊区或乡村,但纽约市深厚的风笛传统(广泛应用于游行、葬礼、婚礼和毕业典礼)仍将他们紧紧维系在这座城市中,展示了街头文化与严苛都市空间之间坚韧的共生关系。

Original English Source

over the last few years living in New York City, on random walks through different neighborhoods, I've found myself noticing musicians kind of playing in odd places and not performing for money. Um, I would see a saxophone player playing on the Williamsburg waterfront, a kid playing tuba on a picnic bench in Queens, and the ones I really couldn't miss were the bagpipe players. Andrew Kay covers life in New York City for the times. He says he realized musicians behind big loud instruments face a unique challenge in the city. How do you practice your instrument without ruining your neighbors lives? So he tagged along to see how some bag pipers solve that problem. I got to speak to a bagpipe player named Christopher Rodriguez who's sort of wellversed in this. He has gotten into altercations on the street. He has been threatened with violence by his neighbors. He's had the police called on him. And all of that sort of forced him to find these places where he could play out of earshot of his neighbors. He has a spot in Evergreen Cemetery in Brooklyn. He plays among the tombstones in the hills there. He has found a hidden deadend street in Elmherst, Queens that overlooks the Brooklyn Queens Expressway. And with the sort of hum of the cars there, it creates just enough sort of sound cover to not disturb the entire neighborhood. Basically, all of these players understand that this is an instrument kind of designed for the battlefield to be played on these wide open spaces. And I think as a result, they all kind of daydream about moving to the suburbs or the countryside and kind of just living a life where they're not constantly on the run from people that they might potentially bother. But at the same time, there's this culture of bagpiping in New York City. We have parades, funerals, weddings, graduations. These are all sort of occasions that use the sort of emotional resonance that a bagpipe provides. And so these guys, you know, despite their daydreams of open space, they all say that they couldn't imagine living anywhere else.

📌 文中提及的人物和组织

公司/组织: The New York Times

关键字: maritime-security infrastructure-funding animal-welfare urban-culture