捍卫加拿大文化:一场关乎身份认同的持久战 TVO Today 2025-11-28

加拿大文化认同的危机

感谢 Barry 再次加入 The Rundown 节目。

View/Hide Original English

Barry, thanks again for joining us on the rundown.

非常感谢能参与这次访谈。

View/Hide Original English

Oh, thank you for having me.

您最近在《环球邮报》(Global Mail)上发表了一篇文章,题为《我们正在错失加拿大文化的一个世代机遇》。您指的是什么?

View/Hide Original English

You wrote a re a piece recently for the Global Mail called Why We're Blowing a Generational Moment for Canadian Culture. What do you mean by that?

我一直在思考目前这种“亮出胳膊肘”的姿态。我们总是被告知要关注食品标签,了解橙汁的产地,保护木材和汽车等产业,支持那些需要我们支持的行业。

View/Hide Original English

Well, I just kind of got to thinking about this elbows up sentiment that everybody is kind of wrapped around in. And you know, we've been very much told to like look at the grocery labels of where our orange juice is coming from and protect lumber and protect automotive and everything like that. like all these industries that need our support.

然而,我们却很少谈论真正使加拿大人之所以成为加拿大人的东西,那就是我们的身份认同,我们的文化。我们并没有真正保护它,强调它,甚至没有尝试稍微提升它。

View/Hide Original English

And yet there's not a lot of conversation about the one thing that makes Canadians Canadian, which is our identity, which is our culture. And we haven't really been protecting that or emphasizing it or even trying to marginally boost it.

加拿大文化的构成要素

是因为很难真正定义加拿大文化吗?每当被问及什么是加拿大文化时,人们似乎都在试图抓住一些稻草来定义它。

View/Hide Original English

Is that because it's hard to really define what Canadian culture is? I feel like this question whenever you're asked what is Canadian culture, people kind of try to grasp at its straws as to what it means.

我认为是这样,但我认为我们不一定需要定义加拿大文化是什么。更重要的是,构成它的要素是什么?我们消费的故事是什么?

View/Hide Original English

I I think so, but I don't think we necessarily have to define what Canadian culture is. More so, what are the pieces that make it up? So, what what are the stories that we consume?

我的意思是,这就是文化,对吧?我们读的书是什么?我们看的戏剧是什么?我们欣赏的艺术是什么?我们在屏幕上看到的电影和电视节目是什么?

View/Hide Original English

I mean, that's culture, right? So, what are the books that we read? What are the plays we watch? What's the art that we take in? What are the movies, the television shows on our screen?

我们从哪里获取新闻?我们从哪里获得想法?我们的想象力在哪里被激发?这些都是文化。

View/Hide Original English

Um, where do we get our news? Where do we get our ideas? And where does our imagination spark? That's all culture.

那么,我们正在做些什么来支持所有这些不同的元素?您引用了一项民意调查,发现绝大多数加拿大人希望他们的文化和故事得到保护。88%的人表示,国家应该像鼓励购买加拿大产品一样,支持国内电视和电影制作。但加拿大人真的在这样做吗?

View/Hide Original English

So, what are we doing to support all those different elements? You cite a poll that found Canadians overwhelmingly want their culture and stories protected. 88% saying that the country should support domestic television and film productions like the way they are encouraged to buy Canadian. But are Canadians actually doing that?

这很难衡量,但如果你在某些地方观察,你可以看到一些迹象。例如,加拿大广播公司(CBC Gem)的流媒体观看人数有所增加。我认为与前一年相比,过去6个月的增长率约为24%。

View/Hide Original English

It's a difficult thing to measure, but if you kind of look in certain places, you can see hints of it. Um, you know, CBC Gem streaming viewership, there's a percentage increase. I think it was about 24% um from the past 6 months compared to the previous year.

Crave 也是如此,它是一个主要的加拿大流媒体平台。虽然这两个服务都有很多外国内容。

View/Hide Original English

Same with Crave, which is kind of the, you know, major Canadian streamer. Um although, you know, both of those services have a lot of foreign content on them. I

我正要问这个问题。

View/Hide Original English

was going to ask. Yeah.

是的。[笑声]是的。所以,很难真正说清楚,但我认为这也是一个问题,我们没有真正适当地调动这种情绪。没有这种动力。我觉得如果我们开始更多地谈论它,真正审视我们日常生活中所珍视的、使我们成为加拿大人,而不是我们放在购物车里的东西,那么人们会逐渐接受这个想法。

View/Hide Original English

Yeah. [laughter] Yeah. So, and uh so it's hard to it's hard to really say, but I think that's also a problem that we're not really marshalling this sentiment properly. There's not this drive out there. And I feel if we started kind of speaking more about it and really kind of examining what we value in our day-to-day lives that makes us Canadian other than the things that we put on our grocery carts, then I think people would kind of come around to the idea.

文化机构的角色与挑战

您认为加拿大文化机构的角色是什么?您提到了加拿大广播公司(CBC),但您认为这些机构在文化战中的角色是什么?我认为他们的作用不是要反击美国,而是要提醒观众,这些对我们来说很重要的故事。这就是我们为之奋斗的目标。

View/Hide Original English

What do you think the role is of like Canadian cultural institutions? You mentioned the CBC, but what do you think the role of of these institutions are in like a tariff war? I think that they're there to not necessarily, you know, talk back against the US or anything like that, but just to remind audiences, to remind consumers that, hey, these these are the stories that matter to us. This is what we're kind of fighting for.

我们不会参与战斗,但我们会提醒你是什么让加拿大成为加拿大,以及为什么你对这个国家有如此深厚的感情。所以让我们谈谈我们互相讲述的故事,我们的想象力在什么上运行,什么启发我们,什么教育我们,什么在一天结束时娱乐我们。

View/Hide Original English

U we're not going to engage in the fight, but we're going to remind you of what makes Canada Canada and why you feel so attached to the country. So let's talk about what stories we tell each other, what our imaginations run on, what enlightens us, what educates us, what entertains us at the end of the day.

所有这些都让日常生活值得过。

View/Hide Original English

Everything that kind of makes honestly like day-to-day living worth living.

考虑到一个政党非常直言要取消对加拿大广播公司(CBC)的资助,而政府对其资助发出了混合信号,要团结在加拿大广播公司(CBC)的旗帜下是否困难?

View/Hide Original English

Is it hard to unify behind, let's say, not to pick on them, but the CBC can considering that one political party uh is pretty outspoken about defunding it and then there's the government kind of sends mixed signals about its funding, right?

我的意思是,我认为如果加拿大广播公司(CBC)得到正确的资助和管理,它可以成为加拿大文化的一件真正的武器和盾牌。我的意思是,我认为,就一个已建立的机构而言,它与加拿大身份的联系比其他任何东西都更紧密。

View/Hide Original English

I mean, I think the CBC, if funded and managed right, can be a real weapon and a shield for Canadian culture. I mean, this is something that is so tied into Canadian identity more than anything else I think out there right now in terms of, you know, an established agency or something like that.

加拿大人对加拿大广播公司(CBC)的感情很强烈,无论好坏。因此,如果我们能够将这种情绪转化为有益的、积极的东西,那将是伟大的。

View/Hide Original English

Canadians have strong feelings about the CBC one way or the other. So if we can marshall that sentiment into something good, into something positive, that would be great.

是的,它已经成为政治领域两极分化的中心。但我想对于那些以取消加拿大广播公司(CBC)资助为竞选口号的人来说,我的问题是,我们为什么要如此轻易地摆脱一个如此长久以来成为我们历史一部分的东西?

View/Hide Original English

And yes, it is become this like center of polarization on the political spectrum. Um, but why I guess my question is for those who campaign on something of a defund the CBC motto, why do we want to get rid of something so easily that has been so long a part of our history?

如果我们以正确的方式去做,它可以再次得到正确的管理。你知道,马克·卡尼(Mark Carney)在竞选活动中说过,就公共广播的人均资助而言,我们比英国、澳大利亚或法国等国家落后约40%,这些国家似乎比我们在公共资金方面更重视文化产出。为什么会有这种犹豫?

View/Hide Original English

And that can be managed again in a correct way if we just do it right. You know, one of the things that Mark Carney has said on the campaign trail is that in terms of per capita funding for public broadcasting, we're like 40% behind places like the UK or Australia or France, those are countries that seem to value cultural output more than we do in terms of the public purse. Why the hesitancy?

加拿大遗产部的预算削减及其影响

那么加拿大遗产部(Canadian Heritage)呢?它负责监管加拿大艺术委员会(Canada Council for the Arts)和 Telefilm Canada。他们的预算发生了什么变化?

View/Hide Original English

What about Canadian Heritage, which oversees Canada Council for the Arts and Telephone? what what's happened to their budgets?

我的意思是,他们的预算也在下滑。马克·卡尼(Mark Carney)向各部门发布了一项法令,要求将即将到来的预算削减15%。

View/Hide Original English

I mean, they've also been uh on a downward slide and you know, Mark Carney gave that edict out across departments that you've got to trim 15% back from your budgets coming up. Um, and that is a big problem.

这是一个大问题。加拿大遗产部(Canadian Heritage)的资金已经减少,如果这项授权继续下去,他们的资金将稳步减少。他们负责监管 Telefilm Canada,该机构资助了许多加拿大电影,基本上是你可能想到的每一部加拿大电影。

View/Hide Original English

Canadian Heritage has seen their funding decrease and will see their funding steadily decrease if that mandate is kind of continued. And they oversee telephone, which funds so many Canadian films, basically every Canadian film that you've probably could think of.

加拿大艺术委员会(Canada Council for the Arts)在资金方面支持各种类型的艺术家。因此,当我们收回这些资金时,将会产生世代影响,因为这些部门最需要的是稳定性。

View/Hide Original English

The Canada Council for the Arts uh supports artists of all stripes um in terms of funding. So what happens when we claw this back is we're going to have a generational impact because those sectors need more than anything stability.

一件艺术品需要很长时间才能进入世界。你知道,一部故事片,从前期制作到发行,在非常好的情况下,我们需要谈论三到四年。

View/Hide Original English

It takes so long for a piece of art to make its way into the world. You know, a a feature film, we're talking three, four years in a very good case scenario from pre-production until, you know, distribution.

电视剧也是如此。一本书可能需要天知道多久。因此,如果我们剥夺了这一点,我们就是在搬起石头砸自己的脚,因为下一次,这不会是我们唯一一次与南方邻国进行某种文化战争或文化对峙,我们将更加衰弱。

View/Hide Original English

television series are the same. A book can take God knows how long. So, if we rob that, then we're kind of shooting ourselves in the foot because the next time, and this isn't going to be the only time that we engage in some kind of cultural war, cultural standoff with our neighbor to the south, we're just going to be that much more diminished.

艺术的经济价值与文化软实力

我想为这次谈话加上时间戳,因为我们是在联邦预算公布之前进行的谈话,所以也许他们会宣布为这些机构提供一些新的资金。我想知道您认为资助艺术的经济好处是什么。

View/Hide Original English

I want to time stamp this conversation, but because we're talking before the the federal budget comes out, so maybe they'll announce some new funding for these institutions. I guess I wonder what you see as the economic upside to funding the arts.

我认为你不必看得太远,只要看看数据就知道了。你知道,文化部门带来了大约 639 亿的国内生产总值。它雇佣了 60 万工人,包括艺术家和支持他们的工匠。

View/Hide Original English

Well, I I don't think you have to look too far as just look at the data. Um, you know, the cultural sector brings in something like 63.9 billion GDP. It employs 600,000 workers, both the artists and the artisans who support that.

因此,这不是一个可以轻易从经济中剔除而不会造成任何损害的微不足道的行业。然后你只需要看看那些真正致力于支持其文化产业的国家的全球影响力。

View/Hide Original English

So, this is not some kind of piddly little industry that can easily be plucked out of the economy without any harm. And then you only have to look at what the global impact of that is in terms of countries that are really committed to supporting their cultural industries.

我只是想把韩国拿出来说一下,大约十年前,韩国大幅增加了用于艺术和艺术发展的资金比例。现在我们看到,他们不仅在文化出口方面赚取了数十亿美元,而且在软实力方面,韩国无处不在。

View/Hide Original English

Uh I'm just going to pull South Korea uh out of the hat, which about a decade ago significantly increased the percentage of money going to the arts and arts development. And now we see not only are they making billions in cultural exports, but in terms of soft power, South Korea is everywhere.

《鱿鱼游戏》(Squid Game)在每个国家的 Netflix 排行榜上都名列前茅。韩国流行音乐(K-pop)。

View/Hide Original English

Squid Game is at the top of the Netflix charts in every country. K-pop

K-pop 恶魔猎人,我无法让那首歌停止在我家播放,因为我有孩子。因此,如果我们做出承诺,我们真的可以在国内外成为一支主导力量。

View/Hide Original English

K-pop Demon Hunters will not I cannot get that song to stop playing in my house because I have children. Um, so we could really be a dominant force not only at home but abroad if we committed.

在线流媒体法案的挑战与前景

那么在线流媒体法案呢?我以为这应该迫使流媒体服务将大量资金投入到本地制作中。这有什么作用吗?

View/Hide Original English

What about the online streaming act? I thought this was supposed to compel the streaming services to to put a lot of money into local productions. Is that doing anything?

我的意思是,这正是它旨在强制执行的。而且,可以说,从哲学上讲,这是我们拥有的最具进攻性的立法,因为它非常明确地说:“嘿,你们这些好莱坞巨头,想来这里拿走我们所有的加拿大订阅费,并吞噬我们的文化。”

View/Hide Original English

I mean, that's exactly what it was designed to compel. Um, and you know, arguably it is philosophically the most elbows up piece of legislation that we have because it is very much saying, "Hey, all you like Hollywood giants who are trying to come in here and take all our Canadian subscription money and subsume our culture,

也许只要支付你们应付的份额。做加拿大自古以来就对每个其他广播公司进行监管的事情,那就是支持本土内容的制作。

View/Hide Original English

you know, maybe just pay your fair share. do what every other broadcaster in Canada has been regulated to do since time immemorial, which is support the production of homegrown content.

当然,好莱坞的机构一向如此霸道,已经将流媒体法案告上法庭并提出了上诉。曾经被视为真正能够为加拿大电影和电视行业释放巨大潜力的立法,现在真的被搁置了,并陷入了另一种深度冻结的境地。

View/Hide Original English

And of course, the Hollywood uh outfits being Hollywood have said no. And I've been, you know, very bullyish about it and have taken the Streaming Act to court and filed appeals. And what was once viewed as a piece of legislation that could really be the key to unlocking so much potential for the Canadian film and television industry going forward has been really held up and put in another kind of deep freeze situation.

文化在国家优先事项中的位置

我同意您所说的在加拿大文化中采取强硬姿态的重要性。但你知道,每当有选举时,总是占据民意调查首位的议题是负担能力、住房、犯罪、医疗保健,我认为很多加拿大人认为这些是他们的首要任务。那么,你如何将文化置于这个列表中呢?

View/Hide Original English

I hear you on on, you know, the importance of of elbows up in Canadian culture. That said though, you know, when whenever there's an election, like the issues that always top the polls are like affordability, housing, crime, health care, like these are the things that I think a lot of Canadians think of as their their number one priority. So, how do you kind of make culture? How do you put that in that list?

我的意思是,这不容易。而且,你知道,我不嫉妒那些把所有这些优先事项放在首位的人,因为这些都是至关重要的优先事项。

View/Hide Original English

I mean, it's not easy. And I don't, you know, I don't begrudge all those people who put all those priorities first because those are essential priorities.

但是,如果没有加拿大文化和身份的支柱,我们到底在为之奋斗什么?我们是谁?为什么不直接投降,成为第51个州,并在那里处理所有这些经济、犯罪和健康问题呢?

View/Hide Original English

But without the backbone of Canadian culture and identity, what are we really fighting for? Who are we? Why not just roll over and become the 51st state and, you know, h handle all those economic and crime and health concerns over there?

我们是在为思想而战,还是在为身份而战?说到身份,今年加拿大银幕奖(Canadian Screen Awards)让我发笑的一件事是,最佳影片是什么?

View/Hide Original English

Um, are we fighting for ideas or are we fighting for identity? Well, when it comes to that identity piece, I mean, something that made me laugh this year was the Canadian Screen Awards. What won best picture?

是的。我的意思是,好吧,我对加拿大银幕奖(Canadian Screen Awards)有一个大问题,因为我们有一些顶级表演奖项。例如,颁给了塞巴斯蒂安·斯坦(Sebastian Stan),他不是加拿大人,凯特·布兰切特(Kate Blanchett),她不是加拿大人,杰瑞米·斯特朗(Jeremy Strong),他不是加拿大人。

View/Hide Original English

Yeah. I mean, okay, so I have a big problem with the Canadian Screen [laughter] Awards because we had some of the top acting prizes. For instance, went to Sebastian Stan, not a Canadian, Kate Blanchett, not a Canadian. Jeremy Strong, not a Canadian.

我非常喜欢这三位演员。他们很棒,而且在那些表演中也很棒,但他们不是加拿大人。你知道,我和业内的许多人一样,对此有点不满。

View/Hide Original English

Love all those three actors to death. They're great and they were great in those performances, but they're not Canadian. Um, and you know, I like many in the industry kind of had a little bit of a stink about it.

值得称赞的是,加拿大电影学院(Canadian Academy)已经介入,重新组织了规则,并表示你必须是加拿大人才能获得其中一些奖项。

View/Hide Original English

And to their credit, the Canadian Academy has gone in, reorganized the rules, and said you have to be a Canadian to have some of those prizes.

我喜欢加拿大银幕奖(Canadian Screen Awards)正在努力做的事情。就像加拿大广播公司(CBC)一样,那里有很多问题。

View/Hide Original English

The Canadian Screen Awards, I love what they're trying to do. Like the CBC, there's a lot of problems there,

但让我们抓住这个机会,当我们正在谈论这个问题时。我们正在谈论加拿大作为一个事物与美国作为一个事物,而不是投降。让我们利用那一刻做点什么。

View/Hide Original English

but let's take this opportunity right now when we're talking about this. We're talking about Canada as a thing versus the US as a thing and not, you know, rolling over. Let's use that moment to do something about it.

所以,最佳影片不应该颁给《学徒》(The Apprentice),这就是你想说的。

View/Hide Original English

So, best picture shouldn't have gone to the Apprentice is what you're saying.

我的意思是,我会礼貌地说“是的”。[笑声]

View/Hide Original English

I mean, I I'm going to say a polite Yes. [laughter]

好的,巴里,非常感谢你再次加入我们。这次谈话很棒。

View/Hide Original English

Well, Barry, thank you so much for joining us again. This was great.

哦,谢谢你们邀请我。

View/Hide Original English

Oh, thank you for having me.

📌 文中提及的人物和组织

人物: Mark Carney

公司/组织: CBC, Netflix

媒体/书籍: The Apprentice

关键字: cultural identity streaming-act