CEO 的“操作系统”:400 页文档与极致优先级
Harvey 的创始人拥有一份长达数百页的动态 Google 文档,这不仅是他的笔记,更是他管理这家百亿美金公司的“操作系统”。这份文档的顶端包含了他最核心的驱动力,其中最关键的一点就是优先级管理(Prioritization: 根据重要性对任务进行排序的决策过程)。他认为,作为一名领导者,必须每隔三到六个月就彻底重构自己的优先级逻辑,否则就会陷入平庸。文档的架构严谨,包含收入追踪、客户服务统计等核心数据,以及每季度的三大目标。
最值得借鉴的是他的每日重新排名(Daily Reranking)习惯。每天他都会对所有待办事项进行重新排序,通过反复点击这个名为“列表”的文档,他强迫自己进入一种“元认知”状态,思考自己的思考过程。这种不断调整、加粗重点并果断忽略其余事项的策略,确保了他的日程安排始终围绕着公司最核心的价值创造。这种极致的聚焦,是他在公司快速扩张中保持高性能表现的基石。
Original English Source
I want to double click on this massive 200page, 400page Google document that you have. How would you describe that to somebody and how do you use it? So, basic I mean I can break down the whole document. So, at the top it basically has like the couple things that I want to remember, right? Um, you know, kind of like motivational things. Some of the ones that I I care about the most are prioritization. Like this is something I think people have a really hard time with is every, you know, like three to six months you have to completely redo how you do prioritization as a leader, I think. Um, and if you don't, you're really going to start messing things up. And then it has the top three documents that I care about tracking. Um, and so, you know, if I'm concerned about a certain part of the org, then it will have, you know, like a revenue tracker. or if I'm super concerned about like uh post sales or we need to do much better like customer service on the back of things like that, it'll have a document there that has like a bunch of stats on that, right? And then under that it'll have what are the three goals for the quarter and almost always it's usually like one higher uh like one product feature. I mean, we ship now we're getting to the point we're shipping like four new products every quarter. Um, which is awesome, but you know, the one I care about the most or I need to focus on the most and then like one major area of the company I need to fix. And then after that it will have my daily list. And I think the the thing that's good about it like all of the company dashboard stuff and motivation like I think everyone has their version of that. The thing that I think is actually good is every day I rank everything I need to do. And so it's daily and then I refresh it and then I cross them out. And the reranking is I think really important because what I found is the more times I click into that doc that's called the list and I reank something the more I think about what I'm doing like meta about my thoughts. And that is really good. That's when I'm prioritizing the best by far. That's when my schedule looks the best. that's when I'm performing the best is how many times do I click in that dock during the day because it will make me reorg something, put something in first place in bold and ignore everything else. So, it's more of a prioritization like document.
拒绝的艺术:从“讨好型人格”到“瓶颈驱动”
在公司发展的不同阶段,创始人的沟通策略会发生质变。初期可能对任何机会都说“是”,但随着公司步入百亿估值,拒绝(Saying No)成了最重要的技能。为了克服人类天生想要被喜欢的心理弱点,他甚至要求参谋长强制他为每一场想参加的会议写一段理由。如果动笔的第一秒就开始犹豫,那这通常意味着该会议是浪费时间。对于真正重要的事务,他可以写出 20 页的论证;而对于平庸的事务,连一个段落都编不出来。
他提出,创始人必须将公司视为一台机器(The Machine),其职责是寻找并解决这台机器的主要瓶颈(Main Bottleneck)。这意味着他会彻底忽略那些运转良好的部门,将所有精力投入到正在“燃烧”的顶级问题上。很多创始人因为无法承受被外界误解的短期痛苦,而选择了能获得即时赞赏的错误行动(例如为了安抚投资人而招聘不必要的 C-suite 高管,而非去修复底层的产品逻辑)。真正的领导力在于拥有极其深厚的信念(Conviction)和自律(Discipline),能够顶住外界压力,花六个月甚至更久的时间去证明那个被忽略的真实痛点才是关键。
Original English Source
What do you say no to? Most things. Um, and I think an increasing amount of things as the company goes on. I used to say no to not almost nothing. What What's your inner monologue when you're sort of looking at something and you're trying to decide, does this make my list? or do you capture it or do you just let it go? Like what is that? When I get really bad at it, I ask my chief of staff to force me to write a paragraph about why I'm going to take a meeting. Full paragraph about why I should take a meeting. And it's so easy if you do it that way because for 99% of meetings or events or whatever, you start writing the first sentence and you're like, I don't want to do this. And if you don't want to do this and you're like, "This is a waste of time," probably the meeting or the event is also a waste of time. For the things that I think are really important, when I'm like, "I got to write that paragraph." I could write 20 pages, right? It's really easy. Yeah. And so again, I think this goes back to like how much of your week and your day are you thinking about what you're doing? Seriously, like what is the goal of the company right now? Like what is the main bottleneck? What is the main problem? And I think like a good founder... it seems like what they're really good at is two things. One is they've built a machine. And so because they've built a machine, they have time to only focus on what is the main bottleneck with the machine, right? And so those are two different skill sets, I think. Um, and you have to have both, right? Because if all you're doing is like bottlenecks before you've built a machine, it's like you're never going to hire the right st. You're never going to get the processes right. You're never going to build the right product. And so you have to be constantly how do am I building out the machine? And then once that machine is somewhat built out, I think the number one goal is just how do you improve that machine constantly? And you kind of have to think about your company that way. The reason I think people have a really hard time saying no is they say yes to a lot of things that make them look good in the short term instead of being able to take the pain of ignoring it and then doing so well because you ignored it that people back off. So let me give you an example of this. If a third party or like an investor or someone like that says it's really important for you to hire a certain person right now, right? What you might end up doing is you take a bunch of meetings with that seuite, right? And you take tons of those meetings because the investor says, you know, you're having revenue problems, right? And the reason you're having revenue problems, it must be because you don't have a certainty suite, right? But deep down you're like, "The reason we have a revenue problem is because there's a problem with product. Has nothing to do with like anything that's going on here, right? It's not because we haven't hired a chief revenue officer yet. It's because the product isn't good enough." But that has a delay. And so what people want to do is they want to start making improvements to so that third party can see it immediately. So they'll start doing the meetings because every time you do that meeting, you get a pat on the back from your VC or someone that says, "Good job. you did that meeting, you're having progress." The alternative is you ignore everyone and everyone thinks it's getting worse and worse... and you go fix the issue that's actually an issue and then in a two quarters or 6 months all of a sudden the company's doing really well. And that's just so hard to do.
从 Reddit 到 OpenAI:Harvey 的诞生与冷启动
Harvey 的诞生起源于创始人的一次好奇心实验。作为一名诉讼律师,他在与拥有 Google Brain 背景的合伙人 Gabe 交流时接触到了 GPT-3。起初,他只是用 AI 来跑《龙与地下城》(Dungeon and Dragons)游戏,但很快他就尝试将加州法律条文输入模型,解决房东房客纠纷。为了验证 AI 的专业性,他们从 Reddit 的法律咨询板块(r/legaladvice)抓取了大量真实提问,利用思维链提示词(Chain of Thought Prompt: 一种通过引导模型展示推理过程来提高复杂任务准确性的技术)生成答案。
当三位资深的房东房客律师在不知情的情况下,对 100 个 AI 生成的答案中的 86 个表示“无需修改即可发送”时,创始人们意识到一个巨大的行业机遇已经到来。他们没有走传统的 VC 融资路线,而是直接给 Sam Altman 发了一封名为“你知道模型在法律领域已经这么强了吗?”的冷启动邮件。OpenAI 团队迅速回应,并在 7 月 4 日独立日当天听取了他们的路演,最终成为了 Harvey 的首位投资者。这标志着 Harvey 建立了与顶级模型提供商的共生关系,将前沿模型转化为专有的“法律大脑”。
Original English Source
So I um got very lucky where I met my co-founder um Gabe. And he had a background in AI research. So he was one of the first folks at the at Google Brain... we became really good friends... and at some point I was like can you just like what what is an LLM? Can you show me one of these things? Um and what was available at the time was a public access point API uh to GBD3. This is like early 2022, right? I started using it to do very basic like here's a fact pattern, here's a statute in California, you know, apply this fact pattern uh to the same statute or the statute to the fact pattern and it got really good outputs. Then to kind of like test it even more, we went on r/leal advice, which is a subreddit where people ask a bunch of legal questions... and we grabbed a bunch of landlord tenant questions in California and we ran this chain of thought prompt over them and we basically gave it to three landlord tenant lawyers and we said somebody asked this question... would you send this with zero edits on 86 out of a hundred of those questions three out of three attorneys said yes and that was the oh my god moment for me. Gabe had some friends um that were thinking about uh joining this company called OpenAI. We basically said we're using GPD3 to do this. let's just cold email Sam um Sam Alman and uh the general counsel at the time whose name is Jason Quan... we emailed them the results and we basically said the I mean the body of the email was basically did you know that the models were this good at legal and we emailed them that they got back to us like pretty fast... and then we met with the rest of the leadership team on actually the 4th of July and we pitched them our idea for the company and we raised money after that. They were your original investor. Yeah. We didn't go to any other VCs or anything like that.
在危机中进化:失败后的 24 小时与执行力杠杆
Harvey 的成长并非一帆风顺。在 2024 年初,公司曾经历过一段“至暗时刻”:他们试图通过杠杆收购(Leveraged Buyout)一家规模比自己大 10 倍的公司来走捷径,甚至在资金未到位时就签署了协议。最终,由于无法接受可能导致公司易主的苛刻债务条款(Payment in Kind),收购告吹。那一刻,创始人甚至认为公司已经完了,模型提供商会吞噬一切。然而,他在 24 小时内就完成了情绪的反弹。他认为,优秀的创始人必须具备这种抗逆力(Resilience: 从挫折中快速恢复并适应的能力),在每周一次的“完蛋了”情绪中反复锤炼。
这种韧性也体现在他的决策哲学中。他将决策分为单向门和双向门(One-way vs Two-way doors: 单向门决策成本极高、不可逆;双向门决策可快速纠错)。他发现 99.9% 的事情其实都是双向门。人们之所以害怕,是因为过度关注失败的瞬间痛苦,而忽略了学习率(Rate of Learning)才是核心。在 Harvey,没有人因为犯错被开除,只有人因为决策瘫痪或无法随公司规模扩张而掉队。创始人的目标是建立一种“全速决策”的文化,跳过那些在楼梯底层纠结的时刻,直接跃上台阶,然后在运动中修正航向。
Original English Source
What was the darkest moment as you were building this when everything felt like it was just caving in and you were about to give up or quit? One of them was super early on we thought we we basically thought that there was going to be a way to like oneshot ourselves into like building the company instead of doing it the hard way. The idea was basically we're going to buy this company that ended up it was 10 times bigger than us people-wise. We tried to buy it. We kind of like signed actually the deal um before we had the money... we were short uh we got like a lot of it... we were trying to raise um like around like 700 million or something like that and we got I think like 500 in clean equity. And we decided not to do that [take the debt]. And when that happened... I thought the company was over. I was just like, I don't think like we can build fast enough. I think the model providers are just going to eat us. What was your inner monologue? It's like 24 hours. Um it was really fast. And I think like the reason it was so fast and by the way I've had a lot of periods like this... you just have to get used to this of like it's over, it's over, it's over, it's over. And then everything's fine. And now you know you take those moments and then you just get like a you build resilience... and one thing that that gives me I'm more confident in the company today than I've ever been... because I now have a team of people that I have failed with so many times. We have massively butchered product lines and then recovered them. So, determine if something's a one-way or two-way door immediately... with the idea that baseline 99.9% of things is a two-way door. No one at the company ever has been let go because they made too many mistakes. It's never happened. They always broke. And the thing that broke was they started to get decision paralysis. They started to not be able to scale.
AI 重塑法律:当 10 倍效率的人才进化为 100 倍
AI 正在改变知识劳动的幂律分布(Power Law of Ability)。创始人观察到,原本就属于“10 倍人才”的顶尖律师,在 AI 赋能下正在变成“100 倍人才”。这种变化类似于体育竞赛中的复利效应:如果你在篮球场上比对手快一点、跳得高一点,这些微小的优势会在比赛中不断积累,让你赢得大部分机会。在法律行业,AI 将把大量繁琐的合同审查等基础工作商品化(Commoditized),而价值将更加向顶层的人类决策和专业建议倾斜。
他预言,未来的律所不一定会变小,但每个项目所需的人力将大幅减少,而项目的复杂度和总量将呈爆炸式增长。顶尖律师的核心竞争力不再是写摘要的速度或搜索能力,而是对业务的深刻理解、与客户的共情以及在复杂交易中进行斡旋(Mediation)的能力。这种“人类决策点”的价值将随着 AI 生成内容的泛滥而变得更加昂贵。对于法学院学生,他建议首年课程依然至关重要,因为那是在训练“批判性思维肌肉”,而二三年的实战经验和对 AI 工具的掌握将决定其职业上限。
Original English Source
Yeah, that's what I'm seeing across our company just massively where like the people who were I already thought were like 10x are now 100x. Um and so I do think you're you're seeing like the power law of ability um just increase by a lot, right? I think it's the same thing that happens in sports, right? If you're a little bit faster than your opponent in basketball... you will just slightly get the ball in front of them every time... I think it's the same thing where you can take those competitive advantages and now all of the sudden you're winning most of the time, right? And I think that that's what's going up happening in knowledge work where you know if an attorney is is slightly better or slightly faster, they're going to get all the work. The expectations are just going to change, right? Like if you think about the the largest effect that email had on the legal industry was people expected you to respond with work product faster... It's going to be the same here. If I'm a CEO and I want a deal to get done, I want the one that's done in 48 hours so it doesn't get leaked to the press. In professional services I think there's two types of work. There are there is I want work done which is like I deliver a work product right and that is going to get fully commoditized. The decision or advice is not going to go anywhere. In fact, my guess is it's actually going to be more valuable over time. Because you only really get that from a bunch of experience... the top lawyers who succeed really well, those are the ones who I think have mastered what you master in the first year of law school plus understand a business and understand their clients really well.
📌 文中提及的人物和组织
人物: Winston Weinberg, Sam Altman
公司/组织: Harvey, OpenAI, Google Brain, Meta, Sequoia