软件股暴跌与市场动荡:AI、信贷和杠杆交易的深层影响 Bloomberg Podcasts 2026-02-09

市场动荡与信号

Tracy Alloway: 我觉得你可能得重新录制一段开场,或者至少在节目播出的时候,开场白可能就已经过时了。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: I think there's a chance you might have to re-record an intro or at least the intro might be out of date by the time the episode comes out.

Joe Weisenthal: 这就是你判断的标准。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: That's how you know.

Tracy Alloway: 这就是你判断情况糟糕的标准。还有当人们开始谈论标准差的时候。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: That's how you know it's bad. That and when people start waving around standard deviations,

Joe Weisenthal: 标准差。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: standard deviations

Tracy Alloway: 还有当人们开始说市场正在健康调整的时候,尽管我还没怎么听到这种说法。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: and also when people start saying it's a healthy correction in the market, although I haven't seen that much of that.

Joe Weisenthal: 情况相当糟糕。还有,当我们不仅要说录制日期,还要说录制时间,比如我们是在2026年2月6日上午7点04分录制的。所有的迹象都回来了。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: It's pretty gnarly. Also, when we don't just say the date that we're recording, but we say the minute we're recording this at 7:04 a.m. on February 6th, 2026. All the signs are back.

Tracy Alloway: Joe,我想要一件上面写着“无情效用最大化者”的T恤。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Joe, I want a t-shirt that says ruthless utility maximizer.

Joe Weisenthal: 黑金。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Black gold.

Tracy Alloway: 我们来谈谈输家。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Let's talk about losers.

Joe Weisenthal: 谁在乎?

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Who cares?

Tracy Alloway: 我决定我未来的全部个性都将建立在为美国的战略猪肉储备而奔走呼号上。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: I've decided I'm going to base my entire personality going forward on campaigning for a strategic pork reserve in the US.

Joe Weisenthal: Skulls Unlimited

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Skulls Unlimited.

Tracy Alloway: 哦,那个股票代码是什么?不,我想几年后AI会在制作Odd Lots播客方面做得非常好。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Ooh, what's the ticker for that? No, I think that like in a couple years the AI will do a really good job of making the OddLots podcast.

Joe Weisenthal: 我如何才能变得更受欢迎和成功?

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: How do I get more popular and successful?

Tracy Alloway: 有一天那个人会拥有“天命”。我们确实有……

Original English

Tracy Alloway: One day that person will have the mandate of heaven. We do have

Joe Weisenthal: ……完美的嘉宾。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: the perfect guest. [clears throat]

Tracy Alloway: 欢迎收听Lots More,在这里我们与朋友们聊聊现在正在发生的事情。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Welcome to Lots More, where we catch up with friends about what's going on right now

Joe Weisenthal: 因为即使Odd Lots结束了,总会有更多。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: because even when Odd Lots is over, there's always lots more.

Tracy Alloway: 我们确实有一位完美的嘉宾。但这很奇怪,不是吗?因为,你知道,有点不同。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: And we really do have a perfect guest. But it is weird, isn't it? Because it's, you know, it's a little different.

Joe Weisenthal: 有一段时间了。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: It's been a while.

Tracy Alloway: 非常奇怪。这是一个超现实的市场环境,尤其是在过去一周。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Very strange. It's a surreal It's a surreal type of market environment, especially over the last week.

Joe Weisenthal: 是的。所以,如果你一直与世隔绝,市场一直在下跌。发生了很多不同的事情,但首先,黄金白银和金属综合体开始暴跌。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Right. So, if you've been living under a rock, markets have been tanking. There have been a bunch of different things going on, but first of all, gold and silver and the metals complex started plunging.

Tracy Alloway: 然后软件股基本上被屠杀。还有什么?还有一个。哦,

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Then you had like basically a slaughter in software stocks. What else? There was one. Oh,

Joe Weisenthal: 还有加密货币。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: and crypto.

Tracy Alloway: 加密货币。加密货币是一个大问题。所以,比特币跌到了大约66,000美元。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Crypto. Crypto is a big one. So, Bitcoin is like down to 66,000 something like that.

Joe Weisenthal: 我觉得它跌到了60,000美元。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: And I think it hit 60,000.

Tracy Alloway: 哦,哇。这就是问题所在。我再也跟不上了。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Oh, wow. And that's the thing. I can't keep up anymore.

Joe Weisenthal: 没关系。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: It doesn't matter.

Tracy Alloway: 此外,人们还担心私人信贷,因为私人信贷对软件公司有很大的敞口,他们基本上在估值周期的顶峰放贷了所有的钱,我昨天在通讯中写过这件事。但无论如何,市场有很多值得讨论的地方。当市场波动时,我们该找谁?没错。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: And also, there's concern about private credit because private credit has so much exposure to software and they basically lent all the money at the top of the valuation cycle, which I wrote about in the newsletter yesterday. But anyway, there's a lot to talk about in markets. Who do we call when markets are moving? That's right.

Joe Weisenthal: 嘿,Charlie

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Sup, Charlie.

Charlie McElligott: 你们太棒了。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: You guys are amazing.

Tracy Alloway: 那么,这位是Charlie McElligott。当然,他是Namora的跨资产宏观策略师。我将从一个简单的问题开始。也许这不是一个容易的问题,但所有这一切的大致催化剂是什么?因为有很多不同的事情正在发生,顺便说一句,包括沃什美联储的提名。所以这绝对是反馈循环的一部分。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: So, this is Charlie McGeligette. Of course, he is the crossasset macro strategist over at Namora. I'm going to start with the the simple question. Maybe it's not an easy question, but what was the approximate catalyst for all of this because you have a bunch of different things going on, including, by the way, the nomination of Worsh at the Fed. So absolutely part of the feedback loop

市场叙事与过度拥挤

Charlie McElligott: 这些事情从来都不是单一的输入,你知道,在一个有数千个宏观因素变量的世界里,在这种情况下,你知道,我是一个“救护车追逐者”,这就是我的工作,一个“盗墓贼”,一个“地毯商人”,你知道,所有这些事情,我试图逆向工程车祸。是的,定性分析的起点是找到共识头寸,这些头寸在趋势交易发展时往往会拥挤。这通常伴随着或要求低波动性来积累这些平稳趋势。所以重点是,我认为有一些市场叙事变得有点“懒惰”了。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: and but these things are never singular input you know in a world of thousands of macro factor variables in this case and you know I'm an ambulance chaser that's kind of what my gig is a grave robber a carpet bagger [snorts] you know all those things I try to reverse engineer car accidents yeah and kind of the qualitative starting point of that is to locate consensus positions that tend to then crowd in positioning when trend trades develop that's usually accompanied or requirement or requirement being low volatility to accumulate those kind of smooth trends. So point being I think there were a number of market narratives that got a little lazy.

Charlie McElligott: 例如,去年第四季度,我们记得,大约三到四个月前,人们仍然相当担心劳动力市场出现裂痕,而且关于“解放日”的反馈也很多。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: You know, for instance, Q4 of last year, as we recall, I think there was, you know, somewhere 3 to four months ago, there was still a fair bit of concern with regards to this idea of like labor cracking, you know, and there was still a lot of feedback with regards to Liberation Day

Charlie McElligott: 还有政策波动性动态,你知道,在最近政策波动性真正升温之前。嗯,这导致了一些怀疑,就股票市场而言,你做了什么?你只是坚持那些持续有效的东西。这与我们去年多次谈到的动态相同。你知道,那种涌入长期增长超大市值科技股AI的趋势,它们只是不断增长的收益、盈利能力,所有这些指标,它们占据了市场的大部分。这是这种仓位的一部分,你知道,在第四季度某个时候开始升温。你开始看到数据再次超出预期,对吗?他开始公开地,最近在1月份,公开倡导他的弱美元政策

Original English

Charlie McElligott: and the policy volatility dynamics, you know, before things really got hot with policy volatility most recently. Um, and that was leading to some, you know, some skepticism and as it relates to kind of the equities world, what did you do? You just stuck in the stuff that kept working. And that was that same dynamic we spoke about a number of times last year. You know, that crowding into secular growth, mega cap tech, AI, they just keep growing earnings, profitability, all of those metrics, and they took up this massive part of the market. That's part of this positioning that set you know at some point in Q4 run hot starts happening. you start seeing data upside surprising again, right? He starts openly and more recently transitioning into January talking openly advocating his weak dollar policy.

Joe Weisenthal: 欧洲正在配合特朗普,对吗?

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Europe is playing along Trump, right?

Charlie McElligott: 你知道,所以你开始看到这些情况,人们实际上围绕着大量的美元空头交易进行积累。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: You know, so you you start having these things where people were really accumulating around effectively a lot of short dollar trades.

Charlie McElligott: 当我坐在那里,看到这些叙事是如何出错的?这种拥挤是如何出错的?我看到黄金白银被归因于这种贬值叙事去美元化叙事。这些论点有其可信度,但我也对这些资金流和实际的单一催化剂持怀疑态度。但我开始看到这些仓位真的过度超调了。我们不是在谈论线性预测,而是那种偏离曲线的价格表现。我看到新兴市场股票拥挤。我看到周期性股票拥挤,因为每个人都持有长期增长,没有人有足够的经济敏感性。所以我开始看到这些仓位过度超调,你知道,这是我们内部所做的一切工作。它只是说,如果美元开始波动,不再走低,你开始失去这些短期趋势窗口,然后你可能会有点“哇,我们没有得到最大的鸽派资产交易”,对吗?哦,我们开始看到数据超出预期。当所有人都做空美元,并认为世界其他地区会增长,而实际上美国可能再次领先或加速增长时,美元开始走强,人们开始变现,你开始从这些交易中撤资,这就会演变成更大的去风险化

Original English

Charlie McElligott: And when I'm sitting there and I'm seeing like how do these narratives go wrong? How does this crowding go wrong? And I'm seeing, you know, gold and silver being attributed to this debasement narrative or this ddollarization narrative. There's credibility in those arguments, but I'm also a skeptic with regards to the flows and the actual like singular catalyst of those. But I start seeing those positionings really overshoot. We're not talking like linear projections like bending off the curve type of, you know, price performance of late. I see EM equities crowding. I see cyclical equities because everybody owns secular growth and nobody had enough economic sensitivity. So I start seeing these kind of positioning overshoots, you know, that's all the work that we do internally. And it just said if the dollar starts agitating and it stops going lower and you start losing these short-term trend windows and then you get, you know, maybe a little bit of wow, we didn't get the max doubbish hasset trade, right? Oh, we start seeing upside surprise data. When everybody is short dollar and thinking rest of world growth and actually US is maybe leading to the upside again or reacelerating dollar starts performing, people start monetizing and you start taking money out of these trades and that turns into a bigger derisking.

软件股抛售与信贷市场

Charlie McElligott: 显然,我们想深入探讨所有事情,包括软件股抛售及其与白银等的联系。你知道,说到软件这件事,我很高兴你提到了“解放日”。2025年的一个流行语就是这个想法:我们不知道关税会带来什么影响,我们不确定它们会对经济产生什么影响。但有一件事我们可以相当确定的是,它只会影响实体商品经济,而不会影响数字经济。所以,关税在某种程度上似乎鼓励了软件、也许是加密货币等数字交易,因为它就像是这些东西是无国界的。它不会被海关扣留。所以让我们投入其中。然后,听到你提到这种巨大的逆转就很有趣了。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Obviously, we want to get into like got to get into everything including like the software selloff and its connection to silver etc. You know, it occurs to me speaking of the software thing and I'm glad you brought up a liberation day. One of the memes of 2025 was just this idea that well look we don't really know what tariffs are going to do. We're not really sure what effect they're going to have on the economy. But one thing we could be pretty sure of is that it's only going to affect the sort of physical goods economy and not the digital economy. And so tariffs in a way sort of seem to embolden the software maybe crypto digital trade because it's like this stuff is borderless. It doesn't it's not going to get held up in customs. So let's lean into this and then so it's interesting to hear you know then you get this big reversal.

Tracy Alloway: 当你谈到这些交易(无论是软件还是其他)的杠杆化程度共识程度时,我们能衡量它们吗?我们能衡量这些交易的拥挤程度和杠杆化程度吗?

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Can we measure it when you talk about like how leveraged and how consensus these trades were whether we're talking about software or whatever. Can we measure how crowded those trades were, how levered these trades were?

Charlie McElligott: 绝对可以。我的意思是,我会查看我们QIS业务内部运作的资金,那里有数十亿美元支持着非常复杂的模型,而不是那种幼稚的玩具模型,从趋势到风险平价,你知道,波动率控制,目标波动率。所以,我查看那些总敞口在哪里,坦率地说,总敞口太大了,对吗?如果你看一下模型风险平价投资组合的快照,四个资产,只做多,使用杠杆来分配你的波动率,对吗?只做多股票、债券、信贷、商品,根据不同的经济情景有不同的权重,就像非常通用的风险平价

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Absolutely. I mean, I I'll I'll look across, you know, we we we have internal money that we run within QIS businesses where there's billions of dollars behind, you know, very sophisticated, not like naive toy models from trend to risk par, you know, vault control, target volatility. So, I look at where those gross exposures are and like period point blank grosses were too big, right? If you look at a snapshot of a model risk parity portfolio, four assets, long only using leverage to allocate your volatility, right? Long only in equities, bonds, credit, commodities, different waitings based on different economic scenarios like very kind of generic risk parity.

Charlie McElligott: 我们看到,以五年回溯期来看,总敞口达到了99.7个百分点。碰巧的是,高盛主要经纪业务的数据显示,截至上周五,股票对冲基金的总敞口在五年回溯期内达到了100个百分点。所以,这些都是同义的。现在,总敞口并非纯粹是滞后实际波动率的函数,对吗?不同的策略部署不同的杠杆。不同的策略会试图放大市场中性净倾斜方向性倾斜,但总的来说,总敞口太大了。就像以前竞选市长的那个人一样。当你看到总敞口如此之大,价格偏离曲线,以及其背后的理论时,这就是我非常想把比特币的解读联系起来的地方,对吗?

Original English

Charlie McElligott: We're seeing on a let's say a 5-year look back 99 spot 7 percentile gross exposure. It just so happens, right, you know, Goldman Sachs prime brokerage data with regards to equity hedge fund grosses as of last Friday, 100 percentile on a 5-year look back. So like these are these are synonymous. Now now gross exposure is not purely a function of trailing realized volatility, right? Different strategies deploy different leverage. different strategies, you know, will try to amplify a market neutral versus a net lean or a directional lean, but by and large, the grosses were too damn big. It's like the guy that used to run for mayor. And when you see grosses being that big and you see prices bending off the curve and you see the the thesis behind it, and this is where I I'm pumped to tie in like the Bitcoin read, right?

Tracy Alloway: 是的。如果贬值真的是人们所说的那样,这种去美元化的想法,你知道,远离法定货币,你知道,美国的政策波动性,美国的财政赤字,顺便说一句,欧洲日本现在也一样,他们的小信任时刻,你知道,欧洲正在解除紧缩政策,这是一个全球性的法定货币现象,所以,我可以理解到某种程度,但为什么比特币没有参与呢?如果这就是人们所声称的,你知道,比特币就像黄金一样是一个“变形者”。但是,你知道,我的故事和我的怀疑,关于那种贬值去美元化,是比特币黄金白银上涨时完全没有参与的方式。而且,你看,我从事期权业务。我看到了离谱的看涨偏斜和对上涨的需求,人们,你知道,不断投入,不断重新加载这些看涨价差SLVGLD的上涨交易。期权交易量巨大。我们成了这种投机性的宏观旅游零售型交易。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Yeah. if debasement was actually what people are saying it was right this idea that in darization you know moving away from fiat you know US policy volatility US fiscal deficit which by the way okay like same with Europe same with Japan now you know with their little trust moment you know Europe is taking the austerity break off that's a global phenomenon with fiat currency so like okay I can get with that to a certain extent but like why didn't Bitcoin participate if that's what people kind of claim is, you know, Bitcoin's a shape shifter as is gold. But, you know, my story and my skepticism with regards to that debasement or that deolarization was the way that Bitcoin absolutely did not participate when it was gold and silver. And I and look, you know, I sit in an options business. I see just outrageous call SKs and demand for upside and people, you know, keep putting on keep reloading into these, you know, the call spreads and upside trades in SLV and GLD. The options volumes are massive. We became a speculative macro touourrist retail type of a trade on top of all this.

Charlie McElligott: 比特币持续走低,我开始看到,如果人们在抢购,人们显然更喜欢实物资产,你知道,在这个法定货币贬值财政赤字支出永久性发行的世界里,比特币的交易方式就像软件一样,它就像SaaS一样,现在正经历着一场生存危机,原因非常充分,尤其是在估值方面。有趣的是,当我们谈论AI将如何影响市场时,我在去年第四季度初就提出了一个观点:有两大对股票的利好因素,可能在2026年变成潜在的逆风。它们已经广为人知,但仍然适用。讽刺的是,我们以一种“后门”的方式遇到了它。其中之一是,AI相关的资本支出正在烧钱,你消耗现金的速度非常快,对吗?而正是这些现金使这些公司如此受欢迎。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Bitcoin kept going lower and I started seeing one if people are grabbing people clearly have this preference for real assets you know physical assets right now in this world of debasement of fiat of fiscal deficit spend perpetual issuance all those things Bitcoin is trading like software it's trading like SAS which is going through an existential crisis right now for really justified reasons especially with regards to valuation right and the funny thing is when we were talking about, you know, how AI was actually going to I was making the point kind of Q4, start of Q4 last year, there's two major tailwinds for equities that become potential headwinds in 2026. They're very well socialized, but they still ring true. Ironically, we kind of got a back door on it. One was that the capex spending with regard to AI, you know, was burning your cash and you were moving through the cash so fast, right? and the cash that made these companies so preferred.

Charlie McElligott: 所以,你知道,筛选的是质量和盈利能力,以及所有这些伟大的东西。它们流动性好,规模大。你可以进出它们。它们只会走高,你知道。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: So, you know, screening is quality and profitability and all these great things. They're liquid. They're big. You can move in and out of them. They only go higher, you know,

Joe Weisenthal: 他们做了很多回购

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: and they did a bunch of buybacks.

Charlie McElligott: 嗯,这就是诀窍,对吧?所以,如果你把**“七巨头”或大约12家最大的AI相关公司加起来,你谈论的是标普500指数**总回购的20%到30%。所以,这对我来说是一个巨大的重点,因为我以前也说过。在过去15年里,股票回购是股票需求的最大来源,大约是其他来源的七到八倍。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Well, that's the trick, right? So, like you aggregate kind of like the MAG seven or like, you know, maybe the 12 biggest kind of like AI contingent types of players. You're talking like 20 to 30% of the overall S&P 500 buyback. So, that's a huge point for me because I've made this before. Buybacks are like seven to eightx the largest source of demand for equities over the past 15 years.

Joe Weisenthal: 哇。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Wow.

Charlie McElligott: 而且它是一个波动率抑制器

Original English

Charlie McElligott: And it's a vault suppressor.

Joe Weisenthal: 是的。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Yep.

Charlie McElligott: 对。我的意思是,你是一个……

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Right. I mean, you are a

Charlie McElligott: 你是市场在VWAP订单下的被动买盘,更重要的是,当出现回调时,他们会变得最活跃。所以,这就像长伽马。这就像一个合成长伽马市场。所以,第一,你正在烧钱,你不再这样做。第二,你正在烧钱,你不再回购股票作为这种波动性减震器和被动买盘进入市场,这占标普总回购的四分之一到三分之一,然后你还必须承担新的债务。你承担新的贷款,你知道,在一定程度上,你试图杠杆化资产负债表,但更重要的是,这对信贷意味着什么?信贷一直是一种持续的波动率流失。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: you're a passive bid under the market on a Vue up order or more importantly, when there is a draw down, that's when they get most active. So, it's like long gamma. It's like synthetic long gamma market. So, one, you're burning through your cash and you're no longer doing that. two, you're burning through your cash and you're no longer buying back stock as this v shock absorber and passive bid into the market from kind of sort of a quarter to a third of the overall S&P's buyback that you're then too having to take on this new debt. You take on new loans, you know, to a certain extent, you're trying to lever the balance sheet, but you know, more importantly, what does that mean for credit? Credit has been this perpetual kind of va bleed.

Joe Weisenthal: 是的。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Yeah.

Charlie McElligott: 因为利差如此之小,信贷……

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Because spreads are so tight, credit,

Joe Weisenthal: 人们也一直在发行债券来为回购提供资金。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: people have been issuing to fund buybacks as well.

Charlie McElligott: 是的,100%。我的意思是,讽刺的是,那可能是一个单独的播客主题。但请记住,我们过去常常抱怨:“啊,量化宽松,这太疯狂了。这种错误投资,他们为了回购而借债,他们不做研发,他们不进行资本支出,他们不建厂。”嗯,现在就是这样。你知道,Duck多年前在一次采访中说过类似的话。他说,实际上,当你开始看到现金转化为资本支出时,通常会有一个波动点。对于股票来说,这并不总是正确的方向,可以说,对吗?在这种情况下,我认为我们正在开始,显然我们正在经历这一点,但信贷这一点至关重要,因为我们现在仍然看到的资本支出的囚徒困境的速度,就像昨天的财报发布一样。投资级市场中这种供应的规模只会扩大利差。科技是其中很大一部分。现在,这就是关键。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Yeah, 100%. I mean, ironically, that's a probably a separate podcast. But remember, we used to kick and scream like, "Ah, QE, this is crazy. Like this malinvestment, like they're bringing debt for buybacks and they're not doing, you know, R&D and they're not spending capex, they're not building plans." Well, here you go. You know, Duck said something like this, you know, many years ago in an interview. He's like, actually, when you start to see, you know, the cash turn into capex spend, there's usually kind of a point of agitation. It's not always in the right direction for equities, let's say, right? And in this case, I think we're starting, obviously, we're starting to get that, but the credit point is critical because the pace of the capex kind of prisoner dilemma that we're still seeing right now with like yesterday's earnings releases. The magnitude of that supply in the investment grade market is simply going to widen spreads. Tech is a big part of that. Now, this is the punchline.

Charlie McElligott: 回到软件,回到比特币。当我们都在关注信贷市场可能成为逆风的时候。不是冲击,不是冻结,你知道,不是任何接近系统性动态的东西,只是供应过剩,利差过紧。你没有得到补偿。所以,就像有一种普遍的信贷紧缩,因为你猜怎么着?全世界都在小心翼翼地关注着。Oracle能完成他们的融资吗?顺便说一句,那是我们本周松了一口气的一天。他们完成了250亿美元的投资级融资,加上可转债。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: bringing it back to software, bringing it back to Bitcoin as we were all kind of watching this potential for, you know, the credit markets to become a headwind. Not in a shock, not in a freeze, you know, not anything close to a systemic dynamic, just too much supply with spreads too tight. You're not being compensated for it. So, like there was kind of this general shortened credit because guess what? The whole world is watching one in like baby footsteps. Can Oracle get their funding done? That was the one day we had a sigh of relief this week by the way. They got 25 billion of investment grade done plus converts

Joe Weisenthal: 需求量高达1290亿美元。市场大大松了一口气。但你猜怎么着?OpenAI仍然在某个地方的背景中。我们就像在接下来的两个月里,他们必须拿出大约1000亿到2000亿美元。这仍然是一个主要的怀疑点。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: with like 129 billion of demand. The market huge exhale. But guess what? OpenAI is still in the background somewhere. We're like kind of sort of in the next two months they got to come up with like anywhere from 100 to 200 billion bucks. And that is still a major point of skepticism.

Tracy Alloway: 这不是一个有趣的结局,对吧?

Original English

Tracy Alloway: It's not a funny punchline, is it?

Charlie McElligott: 不,不是。这并不能让你感觉很好。但问题是,Anthropic已经做了他们的事情,我的意思是,你们现在正在使用Claude,以及Vibe Coding的影响,你知道,整个行业都面临着重塑,即使只是最基本的法律合规文档,我们也看到它开始影响盈利底线,比如财报中提到的内容。这一切发生得如此之快,以至于软件正在经历一场生存危机,而问题是,那些家伙被受限股票RSU(限制性股票单位)塞满了。在风险投资圈、科技圈、SaaS圈和比特币圈之间,存在大量的重叠。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: No, it's not. it doesn't make you feel really good. But here's the thing as Anthropic has done their thing and I mean bang you guys are in in it right now with regards to claude and the implications of vibe coding and you know a whole reset with regards to certain industries and taking out even if it's just the basic level of like legal compliance documentation and we've seen it start to hit bottom lines with regards to earnings mentions and things like that that is happening so fast that software is going through this existential crisis and here's the deal those dudes are stuffed on restricted shares. They're stuffed on RSUs in the concentric circles of VC boys and tech boys and SAS bros and Bitcoin bros has a lot of overlap.

Joe Weisenthal: 都是那些“兄弟们”。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: It's all the be boys and bros.

Charlie McElligott: 这不是一个维恩图,它只是一个圆。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: It's not a ven diagram. It's just a circle.

Joe Weisenthal: 这有点像完全重叠。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: It's kind [laughter] of like straight up overlap.

Charlie McElligott: 你知道,从这个意义上说,你不能卖。你现在感觉每周都在被削减10%的价值,关于我是否有工作,前景如何,这个行业将走向何方。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: And you know, in this sense, you can't sell. you're kind of being haircut 10% it feels like every week right now with regards to do I have a job what are the prospects where is this industry going

Joe Weisenthal: 你有什么可以卖的?

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: and what do you have to sell you know

Charlie McElligott: 我认为这就是为什么它与SaaS软件在年初至今的交易中步调一致,这非常引人注目。对我来说,当我回顾这场大的对话时,这并不是关于贬值,对吧?这是一个数字现象,是关于该行业特殊性的流动性紧缩,它正受到攻击。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: and I think that that's why it is trading tick for tick year to date with SAS software and it's quite remarkable and that to me as I step back to this large conversation it's not really about the basement right this is a digital phenomenon this is a liquidity crunch with regards to this the idiosyncratics of that sector really coming under attack.

Charlie McElligott: 顺便说一句,现在它也变成了一个后门信贷故事,不仅仅是超大规模公司的利差扩大。现在人们担心私人信贷私募股权BDC(业务发展公司)的人,他们持有大量这类资产,估值非常棘手,而且在总契约等方面没有太多缓冲空间。所以,你知道,这已经变成了一个巨大的宏观故事。他们有点像我们预期的那样,但我们可以同时处理几件事。你知道,你突然对美联储主席感到有点意外。美元稳定了。你已经让人们参与了所有这些美元空头交易。人们开始从黄金上涨、白银上涨中撤资。他们开始撤出一些新兴市场上涨的资金。在那时,就像上周四,我正在看总敞口。我正在看我们在商品和金属中的CTA趋势净敞口,达到了98个百分点。我正在看我们的美元净空头敞口,0个百分点。看我们的净股票敞口,97个百分点。我说这些是我需要看到的定性因素,即获利了结变现如何转变为风险管理实践。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: And by the way, now it's also become a backdoor credit story where it's not simply the spread widening from the hyperscalers. It's people worrying now about private credit, private equity, the BDC guys which are, you know, sitting on a lot of this stuff with, you know, really tricky valuations and not a lot of like buffer room on, you know, with gross covenants and things like that. So, you know, it's become a huge macro story. They kind of did the endound with regards to where we thought it was going to come. But we can handle a couple things at once. You know, you all of a sudden you get a little bit of a surprise with regards to the Fed chair. Dollar stabilizes. You already had people in all these short dollar trades. People start taking money out of, you know, gold upside, silver upside. They start taking off some EM upside. And at that point, like last Thursday, I'm looking at grosses. I'm looking at our CTA trend net exposures in commodities and metals 98 percentile. I'm looking at our net short dollar exposure 0 percentile. Look at our net equities exposure 97th percentile. I'm saying these are the qualitative things I need to see where profit taking and monetization turns into a riskmanagement exercise.

市场相关性与对冲基金策略

Joe Weisenthal: 那么,说到卖掉你能卖的,而不是你想要的,昨天,也就是2月5日,如此痛苦的原因之一是,我们开始看到人们能够藏身的地方,那些少数几个地方,开始下跌。例如,必需消费品,虽然跌幅不大,但它们在今年早些时候一直在上涨。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: So speaking of selling what you can and not necessarily what you want, one of the reasons that yesterday, February 5th, I guess, was so painful is because we started to see the places, the few places where people were able to hide start to go down. So consumer staples for instance, it wasn't a big drop, but still they'd been surging earlier in the year

Joe Weisenthal: 当人们从软件转向消费品时,但现在还不清楚他们会去哪里。所以相关性似乎正在上升,对吗?就像在市场崩盘中,相关性趋于一,但同时,我搞不清楚隐含相关性发生了什么,因为如果我查一下,它仍然很低。所以这绝对是热门话题,也是我们过去几年不断收到问题的事情,你知道,那种普遍的“为什么波动率这么低?”对吧?你知道,低波动率或高波动率是极其主观的,它关乎波动率曲面,关乎偏度,关乎起点在哪里,你从哪里移动,移动得有多快,你知道,这既是艺术也是科学。波动率普遍存在的问题,当然是粘性,我认为这归结于资金流向对冲基金领域的地方,你知道,大约10到15年前,多空基金,你知道,运行净敞口

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: as people sort of switched out of software and into consumer goods, but now it's not quite clear where they're going to go. So correlation seems to be picking up, right? Like in a market crash, correlation goes to one, but at the same time, I can't figure out what's going on with implied correlation because if I look that up, it's still pretty low. So this is you know absolutely topical and it's something that you know we continue to get questions on over the last few years you know that generic like why is V so low right you know and low V or high V is incredibly subjective it's about the you know the V surface it's about skew it's about where the starting point was where you've moved from how quickly all you know it's it's art plus science the part of the problem with V in general certainly being sticky and I think it comes down to where the money has flowed with regards to the hedge fund space is that you know maybe 101 15 years ago the long short universe you know running net exposure

Charlie McElligott: 我不想说,你知道,不一定是美元对美元的,或者不一定比当时的多策略基金更大,但他们运行净头寸,他们会杠杆化头寸,或者他们会对他们的多头进行对冲,而且,你知道,一般来说,那些人到一定程度是波动率买家

Original English

Charlie McElligott: was I don't want to say you know necessarily dollar for dollar like axed or necessarily larger than you know the multistrats at the time but like they ran net and they would lever up positions or they would hedge their longs and there were you know generally speaking there was buyers volatility with those guys to a certain extent you

Charlie McElligott: 如果你回顾过去五到十年的资金流入对冲基金领域,就所有新资金流入而言,多策略基金保守估计占每美元的80美分。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: If you look back kind of on the sort of let's say five at 10 years of dollar flows into the hedge fund space with regards to all new flows multistrats are conservatively 80 cents of every dollar in

Charlie McElligott: 然后如果你真的把其他策略的流出也计算在内,你实际上已经超过了1美元。所以我要说的重点是,多策略基金在低波动性、回报的一致性、纪律严明的风险管理、严格的止损模型方面是令人难以置信的。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: and then if you actually include outflows from other strategies you're legitimately through $1 of. So the point I'm making here and multistrats are unbelievable with regards to their low volatility with regards to the consistency of their returns with regards to the the disciplined risk management the tight stops model yeah

Joe Weisenthal: 非相关回报,这就是人们不断向他们配置资金的全部原因。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: the non-correlated returns which is the whole story why people keep allocating into them

Charlie McElligott: 他们已经被证明是一种绝对不可否认的力量,因此所有的资金都流向了他们。但这样想:我们不再看到核心的那些了。这就像……

Original English

Charlie McElligott: they've proven to be such an absolutely undeniable force hence all this dollar flow but think about it like this. We don't see the core ones anymore. And this is like

Joe Weisenthal: 核心的那些。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: core ones.

Charlie McElligott: 核心的那些是指当事情发生冲击时,所有东西都一起上涨或一起下跌,对吗?

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Core ones meaning like when things shock, everything trades up together or down together, right?

Charlie McElligott: 那是过去世界的一种状态。但现在我们倾向于看到的是,这正是我们本周早些时候看到的,当你有,你知道,当然金融市场回报不是正态分布的,但对于,你知道,

Original English

Charlie McElligott: And that was kind of the old state of the world. But now what we tend to see, and this is exactly what we saw earlier this week when you had, you know, and of course financial market returns are not on a normal distribution, but for you know,

Joe Weisenthal: 我讨厌那些指出这一点的人。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: I hate people that point that out.

Charlie McElligott: 这就像,就像制药广告里的东西。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: It's like it's like like something in a pharmaceutical ad.

Joe Weisenthal: 是的。就像你必须把它包括进去,否则会有人很烦人。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Yeah. like you have to include it cuz otherwise someone annoying

Tracy Alloway: 如果你对这种药过敏,就不要服用这种药。是的。所以这里的重点是,你知道,你会在过去的时代看到一种风险偏好风险规避的核心现象。现在正在发生的一部分,在我看来,你知道,这些有点碎片化的要点,在这里进行三角测量,是市场中性多策略股票领域所控制的资金和杠杆是如此压倒性,以至于当你被迫去风险去总敞口时,

Original English

Tracy Alloway: don't take this drug if you're allergic to this drug. Yeah. So the point here being that you know you would see kind of like a risk on risk off type of core one phenomenon you know in past era. Part of what is happening now in my mind, you know, with these, you know, little bit of fragmented, you know, bullet points, you know, triangulating here is the fact that the dollars and the leverage controlled by the market neutral multistrat equity space are so overwhelming in the sense that when you get when you are forced to derisk or degross,

Charlie McElligott: 你知道,倾斜会出错。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: you know, the tilts go wrong

Charlie McElligott: 你在另一端有抵消的空头,对吗?不仅仅是你止损了你的净多头拥挤多头,对吗?而是你也在理论上覆盖了等额的空头。本周两个大跌日发生的情况是,大约250只股票上涨,250只股票下跌。所以你得到了这种反向分散

Original English

Charlie McElligott: that you have the offsetting short on the other end, right? It's not just you stop out of your net longs or your crowded longs, right? It's that you're also, you know, theoretically an equal dollar amount on the short side being covered. And what ended up happening on like the two big down days this week, it was like 250 stocks were up, 250 stocks were down. So, you're getting this like reverse dispersion.

Joe Weisenthal: 是的。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Yeah.

Charlie McElligott: 对。与去年完全相反,去年是这种疯狂的集中,就像前十分位数和后十分位数,利差在十年基础上达到了99个百分点,这解释了为什么人们会投入动量交易,对吧?上涨的东西会继续上涨,这是人性。这就像高级法式,这是因子阿尔法,你知道,商品化阿尔法。所以这些事情,我认为由于资金流向、市场中性,以及总是有这种对冲,你没有得到核心冲击,当你没有得到核心冲击时,至少最初是这样,因为波动率直到两天前才真正做出反应,昨天波动率才反应。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Right. very much the opposite of what last year was which is this crazy concentration of like top decile bottom decile just spread 99th percentile on like a 10-year basis which feeds into why people are loaded into momentum right the higher stuff keeps going higher it's human nature this is like fine French this is factor alpha you know commoditized alpha so these things I think due to this kind of where the dollar flows have been the market neutrality the fact that there's always this offset against it you're not getting core shocks and when you don't get core shocks necessarily at least initially because V did not really react until just like two days ago and yesterday volav

Charlie McElligott: 你需要相关性作为更高波动率的输入来维持,而你就是没有得到。你仍然有低核心。现在诀窍在于,就你的观点而言,D非常有趣,你提到了防御性股票,对吧?

Original English

Charlie McElligott: you need correlation as an input to higher vault to like sustain and you're just not getting that you still have low core now the trick is to your point D is very interesting you mentioned the defensives right

Charlie McElligott: 我们看到的逆转是,当人们说“看,我在长期增长超大市值科技股AI中的敞口太大了”,这给了你很多动量敞口,很多,你知道,你知道,意想不到的敞口,当人们说“我需要更多的经济敏感性,我正在增加我的周期性”时,对吧?今年迄今为止表现最好的三个行业,在大部分时间里,一直是能源材料工业,对吧?那些人们长期以来一直低配的东西。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: the reversal that we saw when people said look I'm I'm too much exposure in secular growth mega cap tech AI I which gives you a lot of momentum exposure a lot you know you know unintended kind of exposures that when people said I need more economic sensitivity I'm taking up my cyclicality right the three best performing sectors kind of year to date for most of the year have been like energy materials industrials right right stuff that people have kind of been underweighted for the longest time

Charlie McElligott: 在没有经济过热周期的情况下,你知道,但当你也开始看到防御性股票加入这种轮动时,这就像是一场大规模的价值股超越成长股的交易,这就是你所说的三、四、五Z分数类型的变动,人们没有持有这些东西,你的多头和空头都对你不利,这也在放大这些类型的变动,因为你看,不仅仅是市场中性基金,他们不是这里的“坏人”,他们令人难以置信,他们几乎从不在月度基础上亏钱,他们只是有非常纪律严明的严格止损,以摆脱这些倾斜和偏离。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: in the absence of a hot economic cycle you know but also too when you started seeing defensives join in that rotation like it was this massive value overgrowth trade and that's the three four 5Z score types of moves that you're talking about where people didn't have that stuff on and your longs go against you and your shorts go against you and and that is also amplifying you know these kind of moves because look it's not just the market neutrals like they're not boogeyman here they're unbelievable they barely lose money ever on a monthly basis they just have very disciplined tight stops to to get out of these leans and tilts

Charlie McElligott: 坚定而快速,不带感情色彩。但你猜怎么着?这是零售,是所有故事股,所有这些主题,这就是为什么我指出了过去两年杠杆ETF的繁荣,杠杆ETF中82%的资产,它们就像合成负伽马,对吧?你走得越高,一天结束时你买得越多,你走得越低,你卖得越多,你知道,现在由于零售、倾斜的投机性杠杆行为,这是一个巨大的管理资产池,它们与AI超大市值科技股半导体颠覆者加密货币的同心圆紧密相连。所以我们对这些东西超配超指数化,当你有严格的市场中性止损时,这会放大效应,你知道,带着所有这些杠杆,所有这些管理资产,你知道,为了让他们的因子正确,因为归根结底,那些人不是想做因子押注。在某些情况下,如果你有很大的经济再加速交易或其他类似情况,你可能会运行一点点净头寸。但一般来说,想法是“我们不想要对标普贝塔”。这就是重点。这就是人们付钱给我们的原因。不要把我们和标普回报进行比较。所以所有这些都是这种背景的一部分,加上叙事超调。对我来说,

Original English

Charlie McElligott: hard and fast unemotionally and but guess what it's you know retail it's all the story stocks all these themes that's why I pointed out for the last two years of the boom in leverage ETFs like 82% of the assets in leverage ETFs which act like synthetic negative gamma right the higher you go the more you have to buy at the end of the day the lower you go the more you have to sell you know massive pool of aum now because of like retail you know tilted speculative leverage behavior are tied into that concentric circle of AI mega cap tech semis you know disruptor crypto so we're super overweighted super overindexed to that stuff which amplifies when you have the tight market neutral stopouts, you know, with all that leverage with all that AUM, you know, to get their factors right because at the end of the day, those guys are not trying to make factor bets. There's scenarios where you maybe run even a little net if there's like a big, you know, economic reaceleration trade or something like that. But generally speaking, the idea is like we don't want beta to the S&P. That's the point. That's why people pay us. Stop comparing us to S&P returns. So all these things are part of this like backdrop plus the narrative overshoots. To me

Tracy Alloway: 那太棒了,而且非常直观。我的意思是,已经有很好的理论观点认为多策略基金是所有这些的巨大驱动力。然后当你加上这样一个事实,即必需消费品,那些不受欢迎的领域,或者能源材料是赢家,这与你关于软件的观点非常直观。你知道,没有人真正知道AI会在多大程度上摧毁这些业务,没有人真正知道,但从你提到的这些公司内部每个经理都有的严格止损的角度来看。你能给我们一些概念,这在多大程度上是“看,我只是想保住我的工作,现在正在发生这些糟糕的事情,所以我现在就卖,以后再问问题”?这在一周内扮演了多大的角色?

Original English

Tracy Alloway: that was fantastic and it's very intuitive. I mean there is already good theoretical ideas for thinking that the multistrats were huge drivers of all this. And then when you add in the fact that the staples like the sort of underloved areas or energy materials are the winners very intuitive to your point on software you know no one really knows obviously the degree to which AI is going to obliterate these business obiate these businesses no one really knows but like from the perspective you mentioned the tight stops that each manager has within these firms. Can you give us like some sense of how much is it like look I just want to keep my job here and this is the ugly stuff that's going on and so I'm just going to sell now and ask questions later. Like how much does that play into on a week like this?

Charlie McElligott: 嗯,我们谈论的是广泛的策略,以及主动的、你知道,系统性交易与,你知道,定向交易。而且,你知道,

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Well, we're we're talking about wide swaths of strategies and active, you know, systematic versus, you know, field directional trading. And, you know,

Charlie McElligott: 你知道,严格止损通常是,你知道,下跌2%左右,下跌1.5%左右,甚至在某些情况下更低。但你知道,这就是为什么它被管理得如此微观,你正在从你的多头和空头中提取这些基点阿尔法,然后,你知道,使用杠杆,就像一个市场中性基金大概有200%到300%的总敞口,大体上,就像多空基金总是大约50%的净敞口,150%的总敞口,大概是这个程度,但他们不再是那么大的参与者了。但你知道,这就是这里的诀窍,就像当我开始看到我总是喜欢系统性的东西,因为它与期权市场紧密相连。而且市场结构大体上现在推动着动量,对吧?你不会随着头寸的趋势而减仓。你正在加仓。所以,无论是目标波动率还是CTA,或者你设定一个敞口目标,你知道,一个杠杆目标,如果波动率是5,你的波动率目标是10,你就必须杠杆化两倍,或者12,你知道,就像,讽刺的是,波动率越低,你就越需要对该头寸增加杠杆,对吧?以匹配你的目标,这就是为什么我们制造崩盘的原因,因为所有现代的,任何使用VAR模型的人实际上都是动量交易者,对吧?你必须在波动率上升时去杠杆化。当然,如果你有一个高信念的押注,并且波动率上升,那实际上将是你潜在回报的一部分。你知道,那太棒了。天知道人们已经学会了,你知道,卖出高波动率,买入逢低买入。这已经成为一种条件反射。这些时间范围现在就像几个小时。但是,就像……

Original English

Charlie McElligott: you know, tight stops are, you know, typically that, you know, down 2% kind of down one and a half% maybe even in some cases. But you know that's why it is managed so microscopically and you're extracting these you know basis points of alpha in your longs and shorts and then you know using leverage like a you know a market neutral is probably 200 300% gross by and large like long short was always kind of like 50 net 150 gross something to to that extent but they're just not as big of a player anymore but you know that's the trick here like when I start seeing I always love the systematic stuff because it's so tied in it looks a lot like the options market And market structure by and large feeds momentum now, right? You're not scaling out of positions the more they trend. You're loading into them. So like whether it's target volatility or CTA or you assign a an exposure target you know a leverage target and if the volatility is five and your V target is 10 you got to lever that two times or 12 you know like and that is ironically the lower V goes the more you need to add leverage onto that position right to match your target and that's why that's the problem we create crashes because all of modern anybody who's like on a VAR model is actually a momentum trader, right? You have to delever when V goes higher by and large. Now, of course, if you have a high conviction bet and V goes higher, that's actually going to be part of your potential return profile. You know, that's great. And God knows people have learned to like, you know, sell Rich V and buy, you know, buy dips. It's become conditioned. These time horizons are like hours at this point. But like

Joe Weisenthal: 有些人靠做一次就发家致富了。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: some people have made an entire career out of doing it once.

Charlie McElligott: 是的,当然。我的意思是,你必须有钢铁般的胃。我这周一直在和一个在多策略基金工作的朋友聊天,他是个绝对的疯子,还有很多像他一样的人。你知道,他过去两周一直在做空白银。我问他:“伙计,你睡得怎么样?”

Original English

Charlie McElligott: Yeah, for sure. And I mean, you got to have a titanium stomach. Like I've been talking to a buddy all week at a multi, you know, this absolute madman and there's many others like him. You know, he's been shorting silver the last two weeks. I'm like, "How you been sleeping, dude?"

Charlie McElligott: 你知道,他现在好一点了,但是,你知道,有……

Original English

Charlie McElligott: You know, he's like a little better now, but you know, there's

Joe Weisenthal: 白银的走势令人难以置信。昨天就像16。我的意思是,我听过两个人说,白银的走势可能是他们整个职业生涯中见过的最疯狂的走势之一。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: the silver moves are unbelievable. Yesterday was like 16. I mean, these I've seen two people I've spoken to say that the silver move specifically may have been the crazy one of the craziest moves they've seen their entire career.

Charlie McElligott: 这是拥挤加上趋势,加上期权,加上杠杆ETF。你知道,期权本身就是杠杆。而且它的贝塔值很高,你知道,就像它对常规的,你知道,大哥黄金一样。所以,这些走势,你知道,很疯狂。但我们知道,在投机时代,人们追求波动。那就是机会。你不会靠4%的现金退休。你知道,这就是这个世界现在的运作方式。现在,你知道,你是否需要像做空波动率之类的?这不是做这件事的方法。但人们会YOLO(你只活一次)。这就是我们多次谈到的金融虚无主义。你寻求波动。你想要那些正在波动的东西。一般来说,这很有趣,你试图推动走势,大体上,当然像散户群体,世界在绝大多数时间里不再是为均值回归而构建的。价值就是均值回归。就像有些东西很贵,有些东西很便宜。这是一种反向的伽马型流动,你知道,长伽马型流动。我们现在推动走势,因为风险管理动态,尤其是市场结构,市场中内置了多少趋势杠杆ETF期权,诸如此类,你知道,特别是人们使用它们的方式,即助长现有走势。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: It's crowding plus the trend plus the optionality plus the leverage ETF. You know, the optionality is leverage in and of itself. And it's high beta, you know, as is to regular, you know, big brother gold. So, these moves are, you know, wild. But we know that in the era of the speculative era, you know, people seek the movement. That's the opportunity. You are not going to retire 4% in cash. You know, that's just the way this world works right now. Now, you know, do you necessarily need to be like shorting V or things like that? That's not the way to do this. But people yolo. It's that financial nihilism that we've spoken about, you know, many, many times. You seek out the movement. You want the stuff that's moving. And generally speaking, and this is where it's so interesting, like you try to press moves by and large, certainly like the retail cohort, the world is not built the vast majority of the time for mean reversion anymore. Value is mean reversion. Like something is rich, something is cheap. It's this counter kind of like a gamma type of a flow, you know, long gamma type flow. we feed moves now because of the riskmanagement dynamics and especially too just like market structure how much trend there is built into the market leveraged ETFs options things like that you know particularly the way that people tend to use them which is kind of to to feed into prevailing moves

Charlie McElligott: 所以所有这些都改变了行为和预期结果,你知道,动量一直是一个显著的因素。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: so all of this kind of changes the behavior and the expected outcomes where you know momentum has been you know this remarkable factor

Charlie McElligott: 对于学术历史研究这些东西,因为贪婪和恐惧之类的,以及走势可以比你想象的持续更久。仅仅因为一个交易很拥挤并不意味着它是错误的交易。但当你开始叠加,就像我说的,仓位数据整体杠杆数据,那种对话式的定性分析,有多少人买入这个,但你看到,你知道,这里那里有一些分歧,而且故事并不真正合理。而且实际上,这个东西开始停滞,现在我看到人们从这个东西中撤资,而且我看到趋势已经加载到其中。这将会剧烈地解体。我周四发了那份备忘录,你知道,它开始剧烈解体。周五,大门被炸开了。你猜怎么着?它像瀑布一样下跌。所以其他拥挤的交易也随之而来。Cosby,每个人都觉得那是理所当然的。日本银行多头,对吧,那是做空JGB的代理,宏观旅游。人们开始退出这些交易,因为它们不是核心交易,但它们的夏普比率很高。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: for you know academic history studying these things because of like greed and fear and things like that and moves can extend longer than you think. Just because a trade is crowded doesn't mean it's the wrong trade. But when you start to layer in, as I said, the positioning data, the overall leverage data, the kind of the conversational qualitative, how many people are buying into this, but then you see, you know, some like divots here and there and like the story and it doesn't actually make sense. And actually, this thing is starting to stall and now I got people taking money out this thing and I got trend this loaded into it. This is going to unwind hard. And I sent that note Thursday, you know, started unwinding hard. Friday, doors got blown off. And guess what? It waterfalls. So other crowded trades go. Cosby, everybody was like, you know, no-brainer into that. Japanese bank longs, right, which are short JGB proxy, macro tourism. Like people start coming out of these trades because they're noncore, but they were high sharp,

Joe Weisenthal: 对吗?所以资金流先于专业人士,但现在专业人士正在追逐资金流,这正在伤害散户

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: right? So flows before pros, but now the pros are chasing flows and that's hurting the bros. [laughter]

Tracy Alloway: 那很好。那真的很好。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: That was good. That's really good.

Joe Weisenthal: 那太不可思议了。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: That's incredible.

Tracy Alloway: 谢谢。嗯,好的。你刚才提到了这一点,但什么能止血呢?

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Thanks. Um, okay. So you just touched on this, but what stops the bleed?

市场止血机制

Charlie McElligott: 我认为你正在获得一些缓解。我的意思是,你看,人们会说,你知道,在某个较小的增长点上,你真的不需要再做任何事情了。你不需要去寻找对冲,这会带来交易商伽马,对吧?因为你不再有那么多的敞口了。这是第一步。然后人们必须将他们的对冲变现。所有这些逆转都是这样发生的。你解除你的对冲,或者你解除你的方向性头寸,无论你是做空期货以对抗走势,还是购买下跌看跌期权,购买VIX看涨期权,你开始解除这些,你猜怎么着?现在交易商必须解除他们的头寸,你必须购买Delta。然后有些人会说:“哦,街上每个人都在解除他们的对冲。市场开始从低点反弹。我要买一些零日到期看涨期权。”然后,你知道,你就会创造更多的Delta来购买。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: I think you're, you know, you're getting certainly some relief here. I mean, look, people will say, you know, at some point on a smaller growth, you don't really have to do anymore. You don't have to reach for hedges, which get dealersh gamma, right? Because you're you don't, you know, have as much exposure anymore. That's the first step. People then have to monetize their hedges. It's the way all of these reversals happen. you take off your hedges or you take off your directional stuff, whether you're shorting futures against the moves or you're buying downside puts, you're buying VIX calls, you start to unwind that and guess what? Like now the dealers got to take off their stuff and you got delta to buy. And then some people say, "Oh, everybody's taking their hedges off around the street. Market's starting to rally off these lows. I'm going to buy some zero DTE calls." And you know, then you create more delta to buy.

Joe Weisenthal: 我们又回到了比赛中。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: We're back to the races.

Charlie McElligott: 而且波动率开始,你知道,波动率开始回落,你猜怎么着?然后系统性波动率供应者就会出现,他们觉得可以重新介入,投入其中,这实际上就是逢低买入,对吧?所以这就是我们所处的循环和世界。资产太多了,这是最后一点,可能有点离题,但关于这些动态如何结束,不一定像过去那样,沃伦·巴菲特介入,你知道,提供一些融资,或者Toma Bravo介入做一些交易。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: And and and V starts, you know, V starts rolling over and guess what? Then the systematic the v supply people come out of the woodwork and they feel comfortable to come back in lean into this and that's de facto by the dip right so th this is the cycle and the world that we live in there's too many assets this is a final point that that may be tangential here but with regards to how these dynamics end it's not necessarily about like back in the days like Warren Buffett steps in you know provides some you know financing line or you know Toma Bravo stepping in doing some like deal

Joe Weisenthal: 中本聪正在给沃伦·巴菲特打电话。是的,我不知道那是不是在给大卫打电话。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Satoshi Nakamoto is calling up Warren Buffett Yeah, I don't know if that's pulling up David

Tracy Alloway: 提供10%的……

Original English

Tracy Alloway: offering 10% of uh

Charlie McElligott: 更多的是关于这些资金流如何止血,但你知道,这也是另一回事,波动率流对于对冲解除和创造市场转折点,尤其是对于逢低买入卖出波动率上涨的条件反射,非常重要,因为固定收益在过去五年里一直很糟糕,自从紧缩周期以来,你知道,糟糕的通货膨胀仍然过热,对吧?所以人们说:“看,这个东西对我没用。它对我的投资组合没有帮助。我的60/40投资组合很糟糕,对吧?但我不能只持有股票多头,我需要一些收益。我是婴儿潮一代。我老了。我需要一些,你知道,一些增强,但我想要股票上涨。”我们已经谈过很多次了,这是真的,你知道,因为资产不断增长。所有这些收益增强工具,所有这些收入工具,它们都在出售股票期权。所以,你持有基础股票多头,你在一定程度上限制了上涨空间,但你通过出售期权来产生收益。这就是新的固定收益。这些资金流很重要,因为当情况明朗时,这些资金流就会涌入,这就像拉斯维加斯供应,它会把所有东西都砸回原点。

Original English

Charlie McElligott: it's more about you know these flows kind of stopping the bleeding but you know this is the other thing too like the V flows are so important with regards to the like the hedge unwinds and creating the turn in the market the inflection especially with the conditioning buy the dip sell the vault rip that like fixed income has been trash for five years since the tightening cycle since you know poor inflation still running too hot right so people said Look, this thing doesn't work for me. It's not helping my portfolio. My 6040 is awful, right? But I can't just be long equities, but I need some yield. I'm I'm boomer. I'm old. I need some, you know, some enhancement, but I want equities upside. And we've talked about this so many times, and it's true, you know, because the assets keep growing. All these yield enhancement vehicles, all these income vehicles, they're selling equity optionality. So, your long underlying equities, you cap that upside to a certain extent, but you're generating yield by selling options. That's the new fixed income. And those flows matter because those flows that when the kind of the coast is clear, they just come in and it's just Vegas supply and it just smashes all back down.

Tracy Alloway: 非常感谢你能在短时间内赶来。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Thank you so much for for coming on at short notice.

Joe Weisenthal: 现在是早上7点。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: It's 7 in the morning.

Tracy Alloway: 早上7点。非常感谢。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: 7 in the morning. Thank you very much.

Joe Weisenthal: 中午。

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Midday.

Tracy Alloway: 是的。中午。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Yeah. Midday.

Joe Weisenthal: 是的。你的一天结束了,对吧?

Original English

Joe Weisenthal: Yeah. Your day's over, right?

Tracy Alloway: Lots MoreDashel BennettKerman RodriguezKale Brooks制作。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Lots [music] more is produced by Dashel Bennett, Kerman Rodriguez, and Kale Brooks.

Tracy Alloway: 请在您最喜欢的播客平台上评价、评论并订阅All LotsLots More。如需了解更多Lots More之外的内容,请访问bloomberg.com/odlocks,并在我们的Discord群组discord.gg/odlocks与听众交流。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: Please rate, review, and subscribe to All Lots and Lots More on your favorite podcast platforms. And for even more beyond lots more, go to bloomberg.com/odlocks and chat with fellow listeners in our Discord, discord.gg/odlocks.

Tracy Alloway: 别忘了彭博社订阅者可以免费收听我们所有的播客。您只需在Apple Podcast上找到Bloomberg频道并按照说明操作即可。感谢收听。

Original English

Tracy Alloway: And don't forget that Bloomberg subscribers can listen to all of our podcasts absolutely [music] adree. All you have to do is find the Bloomberg channel on Apple Podcast and follow the instructions there. [music] Thanks for listening.

📌 文中提及的人物和组织

公司/组织: OpenAI, Anthropic, Namora, Goldman Sachs, Oracle

产品/模型: Claude

关键字: market-volatility asset-allocation risk-management leverage-trading credit-market market-narrative