美国政府停摆僵局突破、特朗普政府减税以及全球多地新闻速览 New York Times Podcasts 2025-11-10

美国政府停摆僵局突破与党内反弹

来自《纽约时报》的头条新闻。我是Will Jarvis,代班Tracy Mumford。今天是11月10日星期一,以下是我们今天报道的内容。

View/Hide Original English

From the New York Times is the headlines. I'm Will Jarvis in for Tracy Mumford. Today's Monday, November 10th. Here's what we're covering.

“我们的责任不仅是在我们内部,更要跨越党派界限,为美国人民解决这些问题,让他们的生活更轻松一些,而这正是我们今晚所做到的。”

View/Hide Original English

It's our responsibility to work not only here amongst ourselves, but across the aisle to solve these problems for the Americans, make their lives a little bit easier, and that's what we have done tonight.

昨晚,美国国会山(Capitol Hill: 美国国会所在地)取得了突破,一群民主党参议员与共和党人共同投票,迈出了结束美国历史上最长政府停摆的第一步。

View/Hide Original English

There was a breakthrough on Capitol Hill last night as a group of Democratic senators joined Republicans in a vote that marked the first step towards ending the longest government shutdown in US history.

这次投票是在议员们僵持数周之后进行的,此前民主党人一直坚持要求延长平价医疗法案(Affordable Care Act: 俗称“奥巴马医改”,旨在扩大医疗保险覆盖范围)下的医疗补贴。

View/Hide Original English

The vote came after weeks of deadlock among lawmakers as Democrats held out for an extension of healthc care subsidies under the Affordable Care Act.

但昨天,民主党党团中的八名温和派议员选择脱离,投票支持在没有达成任何医疗协议的情况下重新开放政府。

View/Hide Original English

But yesterday, eight moderates in the Democratic caucus split off and voted to reopen the government without any deal on healthcare.

一位议员表示:“我们面临的策略在实现我们关于ACA的目标方面不起作用,但与此同时,它正在给全国数百万人民带来困难和痛苦。”

View/Hide Original English

We were faced with a strategy that wasn't working to achieve the goal we wanted with regard to the ACA, but it was at the same time creating hardship and difficulty for millions of people across this country.

他们表示,之所以做出这一妥协,是因为停摆带来的影响(目前已持续40天且仍在增加)对美国人民来说变得过于痛苦。

View/Hide Original English

They said they made that compromise because the fallout from the shutdown, now at 40 days and counting, was getting too painful for Americans.

数十万政府工作人员没有领到工资,数百万人面临失去联邦食品援助的风险。

View/Hide Original English

Hundreds of thousands of government workers have gone without pay and millions of people are at risk of losing federal food assistance.

这项新协议将为政府提供资金直至明年1月,并撤销特朗普政府在停摆期间解雇的联邦雇员。

View/Hide Original English

The new deal would fund the government through January and reverse the layoffs of federal employees made by the Trump administration during the shutdown.

现在,这项措施还需要由参议院和众议院正式辩论通过,并由特朗普总统签署,这意味着政府实际重新开放可能还需要一段时间。

View/Hide Original English

Now, the measure needs to be formally debated and passed by the Senate and House and signed by President Trump, meaning that it could still take a while for the government to actually reopen.

与此同时,少数民主党人与共和党(GOP: Grand Old Party,共和党的别称)投票的决定,在他们自己党内引发了强烈反弹。

View/Hide Original English

At the same time, the decision by the handful of Democrats to vote with the GOP has provoked fierce backlash in their own ranks.

有声音指出:“民主党人必须战斗,因为数百万家庭将失去医疗保险。我们必须战斗,因为老年人无法承担每年25,000美元的医疗保险费用。我们必须战斗,以避免数百万人陷入经济困境。”

View/Hide Original English

Democrats must fight because millions of families will lose healthc care coverage. We must fight because a senior citizen cannot afford to pay $25,000 a year just for health insurance. We must fight to keep millions from financial ruin.

参议员查克·舒默猛烈抨击了这一举动,他和其他许多民主党人一样感到愤怒,认为一些同事放弃了党在医疗问题上的核心诉求。

View/Hide Original English

Senator Chuck Schumer blasted the move, echoing anger from many other Democrats that some of their colleagues had given up on the party's central demands around healthcare.

作为协议的一部分,参议院共和党领袖约翰·瑟恩已承诺下个月就医疗补贴问题进行投票。

View/Hide Original English

As part of the agreement, the top Senate Republican, John Thun, has promised to allow a vote next month on healthcare subsidies.

但许多民主党人担心,一旦政府重新开放,他们将失去在这个问题上的谈判筹码。

View/Hide Original English

But many Democrats have been worried that once the government is reopened, they'll have lost their leverage on the issue.

航空旅行中断加剧

与此同时,由于停摆尚未结束,问题在于“当我试图通过减少航班来减轻压力时,有更多的空管人员不来上班,因此压力又回升了。”

View/Hide Original English

Meanwhile, with the shutdown not over yet, the problem is that as I try to reduce the pressure by lowering flights, I have more controllers that keep not coming to work, and so the pressure goes back up again.

交通部长肖恩·达菲表示,航空旅行中断预计将进一步恶化。

View/Hide Original English

Transportation Secretary Shawn Duffy says that disruptions to air travel are expected to get worse.

周末期间,由于联邦官员在空管人员短缺的情况下限制了全国最繁忙机场的空中交通,数千个航班被取消,这些空管人员已经数周没有领到工资。

View/Hide Original English

Over the weekend, thousands of flights were cancelled after federal officials limited air traffic at the country's busiest airports amid a shortage of air traffic controllers who have gone unpaid for weeks.

例如,达菲告诉CNN,周六一度亚特兰大22名空管人员中有18人没有上班。

View/Hide Original English

For example, Duffy told CNN that at one point on Saturday, 18 out of 22 controllers in Atlanta didn't show up for work.

总体而言,机场限制导致达美航空昨天取消了大约15%的预定航班,美国航空和联合航空也各自取消了大约10%。

View/Hide Original English

Overall, the airport restrictions led Delta Airlines to cancel roughly 15% of its scheduled flights yesterday, and American and United each canled about 10%.

政府已表示,到周五将进一步限制空中交通,这可能导致在感恩节旅行前夕,航班取消和延误的数量激增。

View/Hide Original English

The government has indicated that by Friday, it will limit air traffic even more, which could cause the number of cancellations and delays to surge just ahead of Thanksgiving travel.

特朗普政府的减税举措

《纽约时报》一直在调查特朗普政府的一系列新举措,这些举措为美国一些最赚钱的公司和最富有的投资者提供了数千亿美元的税收减免。

View/Hide Original English

The Times has been looking into a series of new moves by the Trump administration that give hundreds of billions of dollars in tax breaks to some of the country's most profitable companies and wealthiest investors.

在过去几个月里,财政部(Treasury Department: 负责国家财政和税收政策的联邦机构)和美国国税局(IRS: Internal Revenue Service,负责征收联邦税收的政府机构)的官员一直在悄悄地削弱税收法规并放松其执行。

View/Hide Original English

In particular, they've taken aim at a law passed by Congress in 2022 that was designed to make sure that big corporations paid at least some federal income tax.

具体来说,他们针对的是国会于2022年通过的一项法律,该法律旨在确保大型企业至少支付一些联邦所得税。

View/Hide Original English

It's a little weedsy, but basically it meant companies had to pay taxes on profits they reported to their investors rather than the often much smaller amounts they reported to the government after making deductions.

这有点复杂,但基本上它意味着公司必须根据向投资者报告的利润纳税,而不是在进行扣除后向政府报告的通常少得多的金额。

View/Hide Original English

The law had been projected to raise more than $200 billion for the federal government over a decade.

这项法律曾预计在十年内为联邦政府增加超过2000亿美元的收入。

View/Hide Original English

But now, a number of companies are seeing their tax bills shrink.

但现在,许多公司发现他们的税单正在缩水。

View/Hide Original English

One natural gas giant, for example, has said it expects to get a refund of almost $400 million for taxes it previously paid because of the 2022 law.

例如,一家天然气巨头表示,预计将获得近4亿美元的退税,这笔税款是其此前根据2022年法律支付的。

View/Hide Original English

While the Treasury Department and the IRS have some leeway in deciding how to implement tax law, tax experts told《纽约时报》that the administration appears to be exceeding its legal authority since Congress has the ultimate say over taxation.

尽管财政部和美国国税局在决定如何执行税法方面拥有一定的自由裁量权,但税务专家告诉《纽约时报》,政府似乎正在超越其法律权限,因为国会对税收拥有最终决定权。

View/Hide Original English

The experts also say the new tax moves could significantly add to the federal deficit.

专家们还表示,新的税收举措可能会大幅增加联邦赤字。

View/Hide Original English

In response to questions from the Times, a Treasury spokesman said the new regulations were meant to replace the Biden administration's quote compliance maze that would have buried taxpayers in red tape.

在回应《纽约时报》的提问时,财政部发言人表示,新规定旨在取代拜登政府所谓的“合规迷宫”,该迷宫会让纳税人陷入繁文缛节。

View/Hide Original English

He did not address questions about whether the Treasury was exceeding its authority.

他没有回应关于财政部是否超越其权限的问题。

英国广播公司(BBC)高管辞职风波

带来关于英国广播公司(BBC)的突发新闻。BBC主席已宣布,总裁蒂姆·戴维和新闻首席执行官黛博拉·特内斯都将辞职。

View/Hide Original English

Breaking news to bring you about the BBC. The BBC chairman has announced that both the director general Tim Davyy and the news CEO Deborah Tennes are to resign.

在英国,BBC的两名高管昨天突然辞职,此前该广播公司因对特朗普总统演讲的误导性剪辑以及其他偏见指控而受到抨目。

View/Hide Original English

In the UK, two top executives at the BBC resigned abruptly yesterday after the broadcaster came under fire for a misleading edit of a speech made by President Trump and other allegations of bias.

两段音频被拼接在一起,但录制时间相隔超过50分钟。

View/Hide Original English

Two bits of audio sandwiched together but recorded over 50 minutes apart.

这场争议源于BBC去年发布的一部关于1月6日事件的纪录片。

View/Hide Original English

The controversy stemmed from a BBC documentary about January 6th that was released last year.

在影片中,特朗普在国会骚乱前的演讲片段被剪辑在一起,一份泄露的BBC备忘录指出,这些片段被并置,使得特朗普似乎明确鼓励了袭击。

View/Hide Original English

In the film, parts of Trump's speech before the capital riot were cut together, and a leaked BBC memo argued that the clips were juxtaposed to make it seem like Trump explicitly encouraged the attack.

这份由一名前记者撰写的备忘录,该记者曾担任BBC的独立顾问,还批评了其他报道领域,称该网络避免报道那些对跨性别权利提出“棘手问题”的故事,并且该广播公司给了一位发表过反犹太主义言论的记者播出时间。

View/Hide Original English

The memo written by a former journalist who had been serving as an independent adviser to the BBC also critiqued other areas of coverage, saying the network avoided stories that raised quote difficult questions about transgender rights and that the broadcaster gave airtime to a journalist who had made anti-semitic comments.

在宣布辞职时,BBC新闻首席执行官写道,错误已经发生,但她坚称机构偏见的指控是虚假的。

View/Hide Original English

In announcing her resignation, the chief executive of BBC News wrote that mistakes had been made, but she insisted that allegations of institutional bias were false.

在动荡之中,一位BBC电台主持人发文称,尽管这份备忘录确实引发了对编辑标准的真正担忧,但“也存在一场由那些想要摧毁该组织的人发起的政治运动。”

View/Hide Original English

Amid the turmoil, one BBC radio host wrote on social media that while the memo raises genuine concerns about editorial standards, quote, "There is also a political campaign by people who want to destroy the organization."

特朗普总统和白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特都对辞职表示庆祝,特朗普称这些领导人腐败且不诚实。

View/Hide Original English

President Trump and White House press secretary Caroline Levitt both celebrated the resignations with Trump calling the leaders corrupt and dishonest.

伊朗面临严重水危机

伊朗官员正在对已持续数月并不断升级的水危机发出警报。

View/Hide Original English

Officials in Iran are sounding the alarm about a water crisis that's been escalating for months.

该国正面临半个多世纪以来最严重的干旱。

View/Hide Original English

The country is facing its worst drought in more than half a century.

今年夏天干燥且异常炎热。而到目前为止,今年秋天该国部分地区根本没有降雨。

View/Hide Original English

The summer was dry and extremely hot. And so far this fall, some parts of the country have gotten no rainfall at all.

现在,当局表示,为拥有1000万人口的首都德黑兰服务的主要水坝蓄水量已降至仅5%。

View/Hide Original English

Now, authorities say the main dams serving Thrron, the capital city of 10 million people, are down to just 5% capacity.

伊朗总统已警告称,如果干旱持续下去,德黑兰可能不得不在年底前撤离。

View/Hide Original English

And Iran's president has warned that if the drought goes on, the city might have to be evacuated before the end of the year.

这是伊朗官员正在考虑的几项极端措施之一,其中包括将首都向南迁移数百英里,靠近波斯湾。

View/Hide Original English

It's one of several extreme measures that Iranian officials have been considering, including moving the capital hundreds of miles south toward the Persian Gulf.

今年早些时候,他们还曾尝试人工增雨(cloud seeding: 向云层喷洒物质以促进降雨)但失败了,即向现有云层喷洒粒子以试图促进降雨。

View/Hide Original English

Earlier this year, they also made a failed attempt at so-called cloud seeding, where particles are sprayed into existing clouds to try and encourage rainfall.

除了持续的干旱以及气候变化和气温上升日益增长的影响外,研究指出伊朗水问题的原因广泛,包括数十年的管理不善、非法钻井和不可持续的农业。

View/Hide Original English

Beyond the ongoing drought and the growing impacts of climate change and rising temperatures, studies point to a wide range of reasons for Iran's water problems, including decades of mismanagement, illegal well drilling, and unsustainable agriculture.

危机已变得如此严峻,以至于一些伊朗人一直在宣传一些戏剧性的阴谋论,认为该地区其他国家一直在转移和窃取雨云。

View/Hide Original English

The crisis has gotten so dire that some Iranians have been promoting dramatic conspiracy theories that other countries in the region have been diverting and stealing rainclouds.

一位伊朗高级水务官员试图平息这些说法,但他表示:“由于人类知识在不断进步,我们不能排除每一种可能性。”

View/Hide Original English

A top Iranian water official has tried to tamp down those claims, but he said, quote, "Since human knowledge is constantly advancing, we cannot rule out every possibility.

全球最大蜘蛛网的发现

最后,如果你害怕蜘蛛,我将给你两到三秒钟的时间按下暂停键,今天就到此为止。好了,准备好了吗?

View/Hide Original English

And finally, if you're scared of spiders, I'm going to give you about two to three seconds to hit pause and stop for today. Okay, ready?

发表在同行评审期刊《地下生物学》(Subterranean Biology)上的研究人员最近公布了关于世界上最大的蜘蛛网的新发现。

View/Hide Original English

Researchers writing in the peer-reviewed journal Subterranean Biology have recently published new findings about what is apparently the world's largest spiderweb.

它悬挂在阿尔巴尼亚和希腊边境一个洞穴中狭长的通道里。

View/Hide Original English

It's hanging in a long narrow passage in a cave on the border between Albania and Greece.

它的面积相当于一栋小房子,大约3000平方英尺,由厚实、海绵状的白色网状物编织而成。

View/Hide Original English

And it's the size of a small house about,00 square feet of thickly woven spongy white netting.

这个洞穴显然是完美的蜘蛛栖息地,全年保持80华氏度(约26.7摄氏度),里面充满了微小的飞蚊,即蜘蛛的“午餐”,它们被困在丝质的网中,洞穴里还充满了有毒的、散发恶臭的硫化氢气体,足以将其他动物拒之门外。

View/Hide Original English

The cave is a perfect spider habitat apparently 80° year round teeming with tiny midgetes i.e. lunch that get caught up in the silky web and filled with foul smelling hydrogen sulfide gas that's toxic enough to keep other animals out.

总共有超过10万只蜘蛛生活在那里。

View/Hide Original English

In total, more than a 100,000 spiders live there.

但整个蜘蛛网的规模对科学家来说,实际上不如哪些蜘蛛构成了这个巨型群体更令人惊讶。

View/Hide Original English

But the scale of the whole thing was actually less surprising to the scientists than which spiders were part of the mega colony.

他们发现两种通常是死敌的蜘蛛物种竟然在那里共同生活,并肩织网。

View/Hide Original English

They found two different spider species that are usually mortal enemies living there together, weaving side by side.

一位研究人员告诉《纽约时报》,在她近二十年的蜘蛛研究中,她从未见过这种情况,而这种“休战”的最佳假设与它们漆黑的家园有关,她表示:“它们彼此看不见,所以它们不攻击。”

View/Hide Original English

One researcher told the Times that in her nearly two decades of spider studies, she'd never seen that before and that the best hypothesis for the truce has to do with their pitch black home, saying, quote, "They do not see each other, so they do not attack."

要查看洞穴内的照片和视频,您可以访问nytimes.com。

View/Hide Original English

To see photos and videos from inside the cave, you can go to ny times.com.

以上就是今天的头条新闻。我是Will Jarvis。节目明天再见。

View/Hide Original English

Those are the headlines. I'm Will Jarvis. The show will be back tomorrow.

📌 文中提及的人物和组织