执法争议与民权先驱：当下的警惕与历史的回响
近期，美国国内的执法争议和对公民权利的关注达到了新的高度。在明尼苏达州，六名联邦检察官因美国司法部（Department of Justice, DOJ）处理一起致命的ICE（Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 美国移民与海关执法局）枪击案的方式而辞职。据消息人士透露，在Renee Good女士被一名联邦特工枪杀后，由总统特朗普任命的司法部民权司负责人告知其下属，不考虑就该特工是否违反联邦法律展开调查。相反，司法部将调查重点转向了Good女士的遗孀及其可能与反对特朗普移民政策的当地激进组织之间的潜在联系。此次事件中最资深的辞职者是美国检察官办公室（US Attorney's Office）驻明尼苏达州地区副主任Joseph Thompson。熟悉他决定的人士表示，他也反对司法部阻止他与州官员合作调查此案的举动。在此次枪击事件发生前，Thompson一直在监督一项针对索马里社区的复杂福利欺诈案的调查，而特朗普政府曾以此欺诈案为由向该州增派联邦特工。明尼阿波利斯警察局长表示，Thompson的辞职将对该欺诈案的调查造成重大打击。
与此同时，联邦移民特工在明尼阿波利斯持续进行激进的执法行动，其紧张态势并未缓解。经过《纽约时报》核实的视频显示，特工们砸毁汽车车窗、使用催泪瓦斯并拘留美国公民。当地居民表示，他们已成为基于种族或族裔的**身份画像（profiling）**目标，特工会质问：“我们在进行移民身份核查，我们在进行公民身份核查。”他们甚至被要求回答“你出生在哪里”。作为此次打击行动的一部分，特工们逮捕了数十名合法入境的难民，其中大部分来自索马里，并包括儿童。根据律师和移民权益倡导者的说法，这些人此前已通过了严格的安全筛查和背景调查。目前，大多数被拘留者已被从明尼苏达州遣送至德克萨斯州的拘留中心。联邦官员未对置评请求作出回应，但特朗普政府此前曾誓言要重新审查数千名难民的身份。
在历史的长河中，对公民自由的捍卫也铭刻着不屈的身影。近期离世的Claudette Colvin，享年86岁，她是在Rosa Parks之前数月，于1955年在蒙哥马利公交车上拒绝让座的先驱者，她的行为极大地推动了民权运动。当年，年仅15岁的她无视隔离公交车上反复出现的让座命令。她曾描述那一刻，仿佛感到Harriet Tubman和Sojourner Truth的手分别按在她的肩膀上，将她“粘在了座位上”。Colvin随后被捕，在少年法院被迅速定罪，并被处以罚款和缓刑。尽管她的案件引起了媒体关注，但当地民权领袖决定不将Colvin作为他们的反歧视象征，而是等待Rosa Parks因类似立场被捕时，才围绕她进行声援。Colvin后来表示，她认为这或许是因为她肤色较深且贫穷，无法赢得蒙哥马利黑人中产阶级的支持。Colvin后来成为一项关键法庭案件的明星证人，该案件为结束全美公共交通上的隔离铺平了道路。她直到多年后才公开讲述自己的故事，因为她意识到可以借此帮助孩子们更好地理解民权运动，她曾对《纽约时报》说：“年轻人认为Rosa Parks只是在公交车上坐了一下就结束了隔离，但事实并非如此。”
Original English
From the New York Times, it's the
headlines. I'm Tracy Mumford. Today's
Wednesday, January 14th. Here's what
we're covering.
In Minnesota, six federal prosecutors
have resigned over how the Justice
Department is handling the investigation
into the deadly ice shooting there last
week. Sources tell the Times that after
Renee Good was killed in her car by a
federal agent, the head of the DOJ's
civil rights division, who was appointed
by President Trump, told her staff that
she was not considering opening an
investigation into whether the agent had
violated federal law. Instead, the
department pressed for a criminal
investigation into the actions of Goods
widow and her potential connections to
local activist groups opposed to Trump's
immigration crackdown. The most senior
figure to resign was the second in
command at the US Attorney's Office in
Minnesota, Joseph Thompson. People
familiar with his decision say he had
also objected to the fact that the DOJ
blocked his efforts to work with state
officials to investigate the killing.
Before the shooting, Thompson had been
overseeing the complex investigation
into welfare fraud in the Somali
community there. The Trump
administration has pointed to that fraud
as the reason for its surge of federal
agents to the state. The Minneapolis
police chief said Thompson's resignation
will deal a major blow to that fraud
investigation.
Meanwhile, I'm breaking open the door.
Tensions are still high on the streets
in Minneapolis where federal immigration
agents have continued to carry out
aggressive operations. Videos verified
by the Times show them smashing car
windows, deploying tear gas, and
detaining US citizens. Residents say
they've been profiling people based on
their race or ethnicity.
We're doing an immigration check. We're
doing a citizen check.
This is This is where
we're asking you where you were born.
This is where I belong. This is my home.
As part of the crackdown, agents have
arrested dozens of refugees who entered
the country lawfully. According to
lawyers and immigration rights
advocates, the group is mainly from
Somalia and includes children. They had
previously passed extensive security
screenings and background checks. Most
of the detainees have now been flown
from Minnesota to facilities in Texas.
Federal officials did not respond to a
request for comment, but the Trump
administration previously vowed to
re-examine the status of thousands of
refugees.
And finally,
this traffic patrolman came on the bus
to the back door and asked me to get up
and give this one white lady a seat. And
I said, "No." And he said,
"Claudette Culvin, who refused to give
up her seat on a bus in Montgomery,
Alabama, months before Rosa Parks did
the same, galvanizing the civil rights
movement, has died at 86. Kulvin was
just 15 years old in 1955 when she
defied repeated orders to move on the
segregated bus.
People ask me say, "Why didn't you get
up?" I said, "You know what? History had
me glued to the seat."
She described the moment a few years ago
in an interview with Michelle Norris. I
said, "Well, it felt as though Harry
Tubman hand will push me down on one
shoulder and so John Truth hand will
push me down on another."
Kovven was arrested, quickly convicted
in juvenile court and given a fine and
probation. While her case made
headlines, local civil rights leaders
decided not to make Kulvin their symbol
of discrimination. Instead, they waited
and rallied around parks when she was
arrested for taking a similar stand.
Culvin later said it was because she was
too dark-skinned and too poor to win the
support of Montgomery's black middle
class. Kulvin went on to become a star
witness in a crucial court case that
paved the way for the end of segregation
on public transit across the entire US.
She kept relatively quiet about her own
story until years after it happened. She
told the Times she changed her mind
after she realized she could potentially
help kids better understand the civil
rights movement. Quote, "Young people
think Rosa Parks just sat down on a bus
and ended segregation, but that wasn't
the case at all."
全球地缘政治焦点：格陵兰、加沙与伊朗动态
美国政府的外交政策议程正积极塑造着多条战线上的国际关系。白宫方面，副总统JD Vance与国务卿Marco Rubio将与格陵兰及丹麦的外交部长举行会晤。此次会面正值美国政府加剧威胁要吞并格陵兰之际。然而，格陵兰首相已重申该岛屿**“不卖”**，并表示其人民希望继续与欧盟（European Union, EU）及丹麦保持紧密联系，不愿被美国拥有或统治。
在中东地区，尤其是在加沙地带，美国正推动一项计划，可能在近期宣布成立一个由巴勒斯坦人组成的委员会，负责管理当地的日常生活。根据美国的设想，该委员会将保持政治中立，主要专注于提供公共服务。美国官员希望此举能削弱哈马斯（Hamas）在该地区的影响力。尽管如此，专家们预计在重建加沙方面将面临巨大挑战，该地区200万居民中的许多人仍居住在破损或半毁的房屋中。此外，根据《纽约时报》的发现，尽管持续停火，以色列部队近期仍继续拆毁当地建筑。卫星图像显示，在过去几个月里，以色列已摧毁了超过2500栋建筑，以及温室和大量农田。以色列方面称其行动旨在摧毁地下隧道并实现地区非军事化。然而，一位前以色列军事指挥官质疑了其行动的范围，并评论道：“这不是选择性摧毁，而是一切皆毁。”
另一方面，伊朗近期爆发的新一轮大规模示威活动，可能预示着一个转折点。据《纽约时报》记者Farnaz Faci（该记者曾数十年报道伊朗的抗议活动）的分析，这些示威活动具有深远意义。
Original English
Now, three quick updates on the Trump
administration's foreign policy. Today
at the White House, Vice President JD
Vance and Secretary of State Marco Rubio
will sit down with the foreign ministers
of Greenland and Denmark as the
administration has ramped up its threats
to take over the territory.
Greenland big eyes. I would say
Greenland does not want to be owned by
the USA. Greenland does not want to be
governed by the USA. Greenland will not
be part of the USA.
Ahead of the meeting, Greenland's prime
minister reiterated that the island is
not for sale and said his people want to
stick with the European Union and
Denmark, which currently oversees the
territory.
Also in Gaza, as soon as today, the US
could announce a committee of
Palestinians who will be put in charge
of running daily life there. Under the
US plan for Gaza, that committee would
be apolitical and mostly focused on
providing public services. US officials
hope that setting up the new panel will
weaken the grip that Hamas still has on
the territory, though experts say they
will face enormous challenges in
rebuilding Gaza. Many of the territo's 2
million residents are still living in
tense or half-destroyed houses. And the
Times has found that despite the ongoing
ceasefire, Israeli forces have continued
to demolish structures there. Satellite
imagery shows Israel has destroyed more
than 2500 buildings in the last few
months along with green houses and
swasts of farmland. Israel says it's
destroying underground tunnels and
demilitarizing the areas. Though one
former Israeli military commander
questioned the scope, saying, quote,
"It's not selective destruction, it's
everything."
And trade data released by the Chinese
government yesterday offers a new look
at the impact of Trump's tariffs. For
years, China has sold way more to the US
than it has bought from American
companies. Now, that difference, called
a trade surplus, has shrunk
significantly by more than 20%. But
China has found other customers. It
still managed to have the largest global
trade surplus in world history. It
exported a trillion plus more dollars of
goods and services than it imported
overall. There are several factors at
play there, including that Beijing has
pushed for more domestic production and
that Chinese companies have been
shipping more and more of the goods they
make overseas because Chinese customers
at home have been struggling to afford
them amid the country's economic woes.
Those are the headlines. Today on the
daily, Times reporter Farnaz Faci, who
has covered protests in Iran for
decades, on why the new wave of massive
demonstrations could be a turning point.
You can listen to that in the New York
Times app or wherever you get your
podcasts. I'm Tracy Mumford. We'll be
back tomorrow.
经济趋势与贸易政策的博弈
全球经济格局正受到贸易政策和国内经济战略的复杂互动影响，深刻改变着国际贸易流向和区域经济竞争力。中国政府昨日公布的贸易数据显示了特朗普（Trump）关税政策带来的新影响。多年来，中国对美国的出口额远超从美国进口额。然而，目前这一贸易顺差已显著收窄，缩减幅度超过20%。尽管如此，中国已成功开拓了其他市场，依然保持了全球贸易顺差的领先地位。总体而言，中国出口的商品和服务价值，比其进口总额高出逾万亿美元。
这一现象背后有多重因素驱动：北京方面大力推动国内生产，同时，中国企业正将越来越多产出的商品运往海外。究其原因，是中国国内消费者因国家经济困境而面临购买力下降的挑战。
在加利福尼亚州，一场旨在将一项新亿万富翁税纳入选票的运动正在如火如荼地进行，但该州州长Gavin Newsom已公开表示将予以阻止。这项拟议的倡议要求净资产超过10亿美元的加州居民缴纳一次性相当于其资产5%的税款。该税收将追溯适用于1月1日（含）起居住在该州的任何人。这项倡议得到了一个大型医疗保健工人联合会的支持，他们认为这项税收对于弥补特朗普总统签署生效的深层资金削减（如医疗补助（Medicaid）的缩减）是必要的。
支持者正努力收集近90万个签名，以确保该提案能在11月付诸投票。然而，Newsom已向《纽约时报》表示，他正在幕后不懈努力阻止此事发生。他长期以来一直反对财富税，担心其会扼杀加州的创新，并担忧亿万富翁会因此选择离开，导致长期的税收损失。他指出，如果这是一项全国性的税收，情况会好一些，但“当你在与49个州竞争时，情况就完全不同了。”据报道，谷歌（Google）的创始人以及风险投资家Peter Thiel已开始削减与加州的联系。尽管如此，至少有一位亿万富翁对这项税收表示不以为意。当被问及潜在的财富税时，英伟达（Nvidia）首席执行官、全球最富有的人之一Jensen Huang在彭博电视上表示：“我告诉你，我一次都没想过这件事……我们选择住在硅谷，无论他们想征收什么样的税，那就征收吧。”他表示，他对该提案完全没意见。
Original English
And trade data released by the Chinese
government yesterday offers a new look
at the impact of Trump's tariffs. For
years, China has sold way more to the US
than it has bought from American
companies. Now, that difference, called
a trade surplus, has shrunk
significantly by more than 20%. But
China has found other customers. It
still managed to have the largest global
trade surplus in world history. It
exported a trillion plus more dollars of
goods and services than it imported
overall. There are several factors at
play there, including that Beijing has
pushed for more domestic production and
that Chinese companies have been
shipping more and more of the goods they
make overseas because Chinese customers
at home have been struggling to afford
them amid the country's economic woes.
In California, there's a major push
underway to get a new billionaire tax on
the ballot, but the state's governor,
Gavin Newsome, is already vowing to stop
it. The proposed initiative would
require Californians with a net worth of
over a billion dollars to pay a one-time
tax equal to 5% of their assets. It
would apply retroactively to anyone who
was living in the state as of January
1st. It's being pushed by a large union
of health care workers who say the tax
is necessary to make up for the deep
funding cuts President Trump signed into
law, like reductions in Medicaid.
Supporters are working to gather the
nearly 900,000 signatures they will need
to put it to a vote in November. Nuome,
however, told the Times he's working
relentlessly behind the scenes to keep
that from happening. He has long been
opposed to a wealth tax because of
concerns that it would stifle innovation
in his state. He's also worried that
billionaires will simply leave, leading
to longerterm tax losses. He said it
would be one thing if the tax was
national, but quote, "It's another when
you're competing against 49 other
states. The founders of Google have
started cutting ties to California. So
has the venture capitalist Peter Teal.
But at least one billionaire says he's
not bothered by it. You know, I got to
tell you, I haven't thought about it
even once.
Jensen Wong, the chief executive of
Nvidia and one of the world's wealthiest
people, was asked about the potential
wealth tax on Bloomberg television this
month.
We chose to live in Silicon Valley and
whatever taxes I guess they would like
to apply, uh, so be it.
He said he was perfectly fine with the
proposal.