最高法院扩大总统移民权力
在华盛顿,美国最高法院作出了一项重大裁决,扩大了特朗普总统在移民事务上的权力,允许他可能驱逐超过35万移民。该裁决的核心是临时保护身份(Temporary Protected Status, TPS: 授予来自面临战争或自然灾害等人道主义危机国家的人士在美国居住和工作的许可)。特朗普总统多年来一直反对TPS,其政府此前已着手撤销来自海地和叙利亚这两个特定国家人士的TPS身份,理由之一是这些国家的条件已足够安全,人们可以返回。下级法院曾阻止这些行动,但昨天,最高法院的六名保守派大法官裁定,总统可以剥夺这些保护,且法院不能对政府在谁有资格获得TPS上的判断进行事后质疑。作为裁决的一部分,保守派大法官驳回了关于特朗普政府受种族偏见驱使的指控。这引发了埃琳娜·卡根(Elena Kagan)大法官的强烈异议,她列举了特朗普针对海地人发表的一系列贬损言论,例如他曾声称海地人在俄亥俄州吃人们的宠物,以及他们“正在毒害美国的血液”。特朗普政府对法院的裁决表示庆祝,其高级助手斯蒂芬·米勒(Stephen Miller)表示,持有TPS的海地人现在应该离开美国。
Original English
In Washington, the Supreme Court has handed down a major ruling expanding President Trump's power over immigration and allowing him to potentially expel more than 350,000 migrants. The decision centered on temporary protected status or TPS, which grants people from countries facing humanitarian crises like wars or natural disasters, permission to live and work in the US. President Trump has opposed TPS for years and his administration moved to revoke it for people from two countries specifically, Haiti and Syria, arguing in part that conditions were safe enough for people to go back. Lower courts blocked those moves, but yesterday the Supreme Court's six conservative justices ruled that the president can strip those protections and that the courts cannot second-guess the administration's determinations on who does and doesn't qualify for TPS. As part of their ruling, the conservative justices rejected claims that the Trump administration was motivated by racial bias. That prompted a sharp dissent from Justice Elena Kagan, who laid out a series of derogatory comments Trump has made about Haitians in particular, like when he claimed they were eating people's pets in Ohio and that they were, quote, "poisoning the blood of the United States." The Trump administration celebrated the court's ruling with Stephen Miller, a top Trump aide, saying Haitians with TPS should now leave the US.
裁决的连锁反应:移民社区的困境
《纽约时报》报道移民问题的记者茉莉·乌略亚(Jasmine Ulloa)指出,目前TPS持有者正争相寻找其他形式的移民保护,许多人已申请庇护或工作签证,但这些途径狭窄、申请费用高昂且处理过程可能耗时数年。人们现在必须决定是否制定前往其他国家的离境计划,有些人正在考虑再次移民到南美或加拿大,而另一些人则在辩论是否应留在这里,过着边缘化的生活——他们将没有工作许可,如果遇到ICE或联邦移民官员,可能面临被驱逐出境的风险,这对许多家庭来说是一个非常可怕的前景。乌略亚表示,该裁决不仅可能颠覆许多移民的生活,还可能对其社区产生广泛影响。例如,在雇佣了数千名TPS持有者的医院和建筑公司等雇主,将不得不解雇那些仅通过该计划获得工作授权的海地和叙利亚员工。展望未来,法院的裁决还可能影响超过一百万名其他TPS持有者的身份,包括来自阿富汗和索马里的人,特朗普政府也正试图撤销他们的身份。关于TPS的裁决是昨天特朗普总统移民议程的两大胜利之一,最高法院还裁定,政府可以通过物理方式阻止寻求庇护的移民进入美国。
Original English
My colleague Jasmine Ulloa covers immigration for the times. Right now, TPS holders are scrambling to find other forms of immigration protection if they haven't been doing so already. Many have already applied for asylum, work visas, but those pathways are narrow and petitions are costly and they can take years to process. People right now are having to decide whether to make exit plans to another country. Some people are looking to migrate again to South America or to Canada. Others are frankly debating whether they should stay here and live a life in the margins. They're not going to have work authorization. If they encounter ICE or federal immigration officers, they may be subject to deportation. And so, that's a very scary prospect for a lot of families. Jasmine says the ruling could not only upend the lives of many migrants, but also have widespread consequences for their communities. For example, employers like hospitals and construction companies, where thousands of TPS holders work, will have to fire their Haitian and Syrian employees who only had authorization to work through the program. And going forward, the court's ruling could also affect the status of over a million other TPS holders, including people from Afghanistan and Somalia, whose status the Trump administration is trying to revoke, too. The ruling on TPS was one of two major wins for President Trump's immigration agenda yesterday. The Supreme Court also ruled that the administration can prevent migrants from seeking asylum by physically stopping them from crossing into the US as they seek protection.
委内瑞拉地震:经济危机下的救援困境
在委内瑞拉,记者阿德里安娜·卢雷罗·费尔南德斯(Adriana Lurerro Fernandez)报道了该国遭受连续致命地震后仍在进行的搜救工作。早晨的景象令人警醒,许多建筑物完全倒塌,只剩下成堆的瓦砾。在一栋特定建筑中,他们认为有多达四人还活着,正在努力接近他们。救援人员急需更多工具才能挖得更深。医生、护士、消防员,甚至徒步旅行者,任何人都前来帮忙。据委内瑞拉政府称,至少有235人遇难,超过4000人受伤,预计这些数字还会上升。据信还有数百人被困,在受灾最严重地区之一的居民表示,他们看到的救援人员很少,政府存在感也极低。尽管委内瑞拉石油资源丰富,但多年的经济危机已掏空了其应急服务部门,并导致基础设施恶化,这些因素很可能使该国的灾后恢复工作复杂化。
Original English
In Venezuela, the morning has been very sobering. You see so many buildings entirely collapsed, just piles upon piles of debris. My colleague Adriana Lurerro Fernandez has been reporting on the search and rescue efforts still underway after the country was hit by back-to-back deadly earthquakes. In this building specifically, they believe there are as much as four people who are alive and they're trying to get to them. They really need more tools so they can dig deeper. Doctors, nurses, firefighters, and just anyone. I mean, I saw hikers, anyone would come around and help. According to Venezuela's government, at least 235 people were killed and more than 4,000 were injured, numbers that are expected to rise. Several hundred people are believed to be trapped, and residents in one of the hardest hit areas said they'd seen very few rescue workers and minimal government presence. Although Venezuela is rich in oil, years of economic crisis have hollowed out its emergency services and left its infrastructure deteriorating, factors that are likely to complicate the country's recovery.
霍尔木兹海峡遇袭:航运再陷停滞
昨天,伊朗武装部队袭击了一艘正通过霍尔木兹海峡的集装箱船,这削弱了该关键水道航运正恢复正常的概念,并与特朗普总统关于海峡畅通的保证相矛盾。一位不愿透露姓名的美国官员告诉《纽约时报》,该船是被无人机击中的。袭击发生在伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队警告船只只能沿其批准的路线航行数小时之后。目前,航运再次陷入停滞,油价上涨,尚不清楚此次袭击是否会复杂化美国与伊朗之间正在进行的谈判。
Original English
Yesterday, Iran's armed forces attacked a container ship that was passing through the Strait of Hormuz, undercutting the idea that shipping through the crucial waterway is returning to normal and contradicting President Trump's assurances that the strait is open. Speaking on the condition of anonymity, a US official told the Times the ship was hit by a drone. It came hours after Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps warned vessels that they could only travel along a route it approved. Now, traffic has come to a standstill again. Oil prices have jumped, and it's not clear if the strike will complicate the ongoing negotiations between the US and Iran.
捷豹路虎网络攻击:俄罗斯黑客与25亿美元损失
去年在英国,黑客深入侵入了标志性汽车公司捷豹路虎(Jaguar Land Rover)的计算机系统。一位熟悉情况的消息人士告诉ITV新闻,这是灾难性的,完全停工。这不仅仅是装配线的问题,经销商无法注册车辆,甚至连机械师可能使用的独立诊断软件也无法工作。此次黑客攻击迫使这家生产豪华车和军用车辆的汽车巨头完全停产超过一个月,给英国经济造成了估计25亿美元的损失,成为该国历史上代价最高的网络攻击。在随后的几个月里,一个松散的、包括一些英国人在内的黑客团体声称对此次攻击负责。但《纽约时报》现在获悉,并非他们所为,而是一个俄罗斯黑客组织才是罪魁祸首。由于案件敏感性,了解调查情况的人士匿名表示,当局仍在试图弄清楚克里姆林宫是下达了具体命令还是仅仅默许了这次行动。此次网络攻击发生在俄罗斯与英国因乌克兰战争而紧张局势加剧之际。这一戏剧性事件凸显了一个敌对国家如何通过攻击关键基础设施来造成经济损失。前英国情报官员表示,英国方面也对俄罗斯发动了秘密网络攻击和破坏行动。针对《纽约时报》的提问,捷豹路虎拒绝就此次攻击发表评论。俄罗斯总统普京的发言人表示:“我们对此一无所知。”
Original English
Last year in the UK, hackers burrowed deep into the computer systems of Jaguar Land Rover, the iconic car company. A source familiar with the situation at Jaguar Land Rover has told ITV News this is catastrophic. It's a complete shutdown. And it's not just the assembly lines. Dealers haven't been able to register vehicles. Even the individual diagnostic software that a mechanic might use, that hasn't been working. The hack forced the auto giant, which makes luxury cars and military vehicles, to completely suspend production for more than a month, costing the British economy an estimated $2.5 billion, and making it the costliest cyber attack in the country's history. In the months that followed, a loose collective of hackers, including some in Britain, took credit for the attack. But now The Times has learned that it was not them. Instead, a group of Russian hackers was responsible. According to people familiar with the investigation, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the case, authorities are still trying to figure out whether the Kremlin gave specific orders to carry this out or just tacit approval. The cyber attack came as tensions between Russia and the UK were flaring over the war in Ukraine. And the dramatic incident underscores how a hostile nation can cause economic damage by targeting critical infrastructure. Former British intelligence officials say that for its part, the UK has also mounted secret cyber attacks and sabotage operations against Russia. In response to questions from The Times, Jaguar Land Rover declined to comment on the attack. And a spokesman for Russian President Vladimir Putin said, quote, "We don't know anything about this."
银发离婚潮:婴儿潮一代不愿再守“空壳婚姻”
在美国各地,近年来离婚率一直在下降,但有一个例外:65岁及以上的人群。原因多种多样且复杂,但越来越明显的是,婴儿潮一代越来越不愿意维持社会学家所称的“空壳婚姻”——那种可能已持续数十年但激情已逝的关系。传统上,夫妻们常常为了不给孩子带来动荡,或出于对金钱和离婚污名化的担忧而决定继续在一起。但这可能已成为过去。专家认为,一个主要因素可能是人们寿命更长。如果你面前还有更多年头,你可能更愿意做出重大改变。此外,专家表示,社会对婚姻能或应该是什么样子的期望也已改变。那些可能因为社会期望而相对年轻就结婚的夫妻,现在生活在一个更强调爱情和满足感的时代。一位社会学教授告诉《纽约时报》,基本上,我们对维持一段“马马虎虎”关系的集体容忍度正在下降。在线约会也改变了局面,可能使寻找新伴侣变得更容易,或至少不那么令人生畏。根据皮尤研究中心的一份报告,超过10%的70岁以上美国人表示他们使用过约会应用。
Original English
And finally, around the US, divorce rates have been dropping in recent years, but there is an exception to that trend, and it is people 65 and up. The reasons are varied and complex, but it's becoming clear that baby boomers are increasingly unwilling to stay in what sociologists call empty shell marriages. Those kinds of relationships where they may have been together for decades, but the spark is gone. Traditionally, couples often decided to stay together anyway to try and not cause upheaval for the kids or because of concerns about money or the stigma of divorce. But that could now be a thing of the past. Experts think one big factor may be that people are living longer. If you have a lot more years ahead of you, you may be more willing to make a big change. Also, experts say societal expectations for what marriage can or should be have changed, too. Couples who may have gotten married relatively young because it was just the expectation are now living in a time when the emphasis for marriage is more about love, fulfillment. One sociology professor told the Times that basically our collective tolerance for staying in a just-so-so relationship is going down. Online dating has also changed the equation, potentially making it easier or at least less daunting to try and find a new partner. According to a report from Pew, more than 10% of Americans over the age of 70 say they have used a dating app.
新闻问答:发酵饮食、AI朗读《奥德赛》与威尔士的六度分隔
在新闻问答环节,第一个问题关于卫生部长罗伯特·F·肯尼迪(Robert F. Kennedy Jr.)推崇的饮食。他声称自己完全不限制饮食,吃饱为止,但因为吃对了东西而减肥。他吃发酵蔬菜、酸奶等任何发酵食品以及肉类。肯尼迪声称已让包括副总统在内的许多政府成员尝试这种饮食。一些研究表明这些食物可能有一些健康益处,如减轻炎症。在肯尼迪任内,联邦膳食指南首次更新纳入了这类食物。他的妻子去年在播客中透露,他外出就餐时有时会自带一袋酸菜。
第二个问题关于本周发布的一部13小时有声版《奥德赛》。这个版本是首批采用名人声音克隆AI朗读者的大型有声书之一。这位奥斯卡获奖演员是迈克尔·凯恩(Michael Caine)。当凯恩去年将其声音授权给有声书背后的公司时,引发了一波争议,人们指责他出卖自己并危及配音演员的职业。这种AI语音项目能否受到听众欢迎还有待观察,但《纽约时报》的同事听后表示,合成的迈克尔·凯恩声音有点刺耳,在《奥德赛》一些最宏大、最激烈的部分,声音听起来有点平淡。
最后一个问题关于一位喜剧演员兼电台主持人,他因一种非常特殊的才能而取得了惊人的成功。他的噱头是接听来自随机听众的电话,只要他们来自同一个国家。在60秒内,他试图找到一个他们俩都认识的人。他对此出奇地擅长,当然,他的国家很小也有帮助。答案是威尔士。这位名叫埃利斯·詹姆斯(Elis James)的喜剧演员在BBC的节目中定期测试他的技能。他几乎总是先询问对方的年龄和学校,以此缩小家乡范围,然后抛出当地知名人士的名字,如酒吧老板或传奇教师。他试图依靠威尔士深厚的传统社区纽带找到联系。他开玩笑说,如果计时器响了而他没能找到联系,他会觉得自己让整个国家失望了。
Original English
First question. At a recent event, Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. was talking up the benefits of a particular diet that he's been on. Kennedy claimed he's gotten a lot of other members of the administration to try it, too, including the vice president. Your question: What kind of food is central to the diet that Kennedy has been promoting? The answer? I eat fermented vegetables and fermented and yogurt, anything fermented, and meat. Fermented foods. So, sauerkraut, kimchi, apple cider vinegar, that kind of thing. Some research has suggested these foods may have a few health benefits like lowering inflammation. And under Kennedy's tenure, federal dietary guidelines were updated to include those kinds of foods for the very first time. Kennedy's passion for sauerkraut in particular has been documented before with his wife telling a podcast last year that when he goes out to dinner, he sometimes brings his own sauerkraut in a bag.
Next question. This week a new 13-hour audiobook version of The Odyssey was released. The 3,000-year-old epic was always intended to be read aloud, but Homer probably never imagined it like this. This version is one of the first major audiobooks to feature an AI reader that is a clone of a celebrity's voice. Take another listen. Can you name which Oscar-winning actor lent his deep, distinctive tone to the project? The answer? Michael Caine. When Caine licensed his voice to the company behind the audiobook last year, it set off a wave of controversy with people accusing him of selling out and endangering the careers of voice actors. Whether this kind of AI voice project is a hit with audiences remains to be seen, but my colleague who listened to it said synthetic Michael Caine was a little jarring. And in some of the biggest, most intense parts of the Odyssey, the voices just sounded a little flat.
And last question. Recently, the Times profiled a comedian and radio host who has found surprising success thanks to a very specific kind of talent that he shows off on air. The gimmick is that he takes calls from random people as long as they come from the same country that he does. And in just 60 seconds, he tries to find someone who they both know. He is shockingly good at it. Helps, of course, that his country is small. Your question, what country are he and all of his callers from? The answer? Wales. Population just over 3 million. The comedian Elis James puts his skills to the test regularly on his show, which airs on the BBC. When he gets a caller, he almost always starts by asking a person's age and school. That lets him narrow in on the hometown. Then he throws out the names of local extroverts, maybe a pub owner, a legendary teacher, that kind of thing. He tries to rely on Wales' deep old-school community ties to get him to a connection. He has joked that if the timer goes off and he has not managed to find a connection, he feels like he's disappointed the whole country.
📌 文中提及的人物和组织
公司/组织: Jaguar Land Rover