女性体育的蓬勃未来:打破算法偏见与投资不足的恶性循环 TED 2025-11-07

引言:科技变迁与女性体育的“不可见”

奥运会一直是我反思世界变化速度的一个触点。

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The Olympics has always served as a touch point for me to reflect on just how quickly our world changes.

想想看,每四年,夏季奥运会都会极大程度地展现出两届奥运会之间科技的演变。

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Think about it. Every four years, the Summer Olympics shine a massive spotlight on how much our technology evolves between the games.

所以,我想请大家花一分钟,想象一下2004年的情景。

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So I want you to take a minute and picture yourself in the year 2004.

试着回忆一下那时的世界。

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Try to remember the world back then.

我们没有iPhone(苹果公司推出的一系列智能手机产品),Facebook(一个全球性的社交媒体平台),最初被称为“The Facebook”,才刚刚在大学校园里兴起,而YouTube(一个视频分享平台)呢?

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We didn't have iPhones, The Facebook, as it was originally known, was just emerging on college campuses and YouTube?

它根本还不存在。

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It wasn't a thing.

我参加了2004年雅典奥运会的女子赛艇比赛,就科技而言,那简直就像是古代奥运会。

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I competed at the Athens 2004 Olympics in women's rowing, which may as well have been the ancient Olympics, as far as technology goes.

我当时还在用翻盖手机,通过我的Hotmail(微软旗下的免费网络邮件服务)账户和拨号上网,给我的朋友和家人发送奥运会的电子邮件更新。

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I was still using a flip phone, and I sent my friends and family email updates from the games using my Hotmail account and dial-up internet.

(笑声)

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(Laughter)

现在,我想让你们想象一下,赢得20年来美国在该项目上的第一枚奥运奖牌是什么感觉。

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So now I want you to imagine what it was like to win the first US Olympic medal in the event in 20 years.

然而,我无法通过我的Instagram(一个图片和视频分享的社交媒体平台)或TikTok(一个短视频社交平台)账户立即与世界分享这个消息,我的队友和我都不得不等待,看看奥运会的广播公司和记者是否会报道它。

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And rather than getting to instantly share that news with the world via my Instagram or TikTok account, my teammates and I had to wait to see if the Olympic broadcasters and journalists would cover it.

我们的故事完全掌握在他们手中,由他们决定是否讲述。

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Our story was entirely in their hands to tell or not.

然而,20年过去了,这一切都改变了。

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Well, 20 years later, and all of this has changed.

现在,体育比分、比赛结果和新闻故事瞬间就能触手可及,在事情发生的那一刻就能通过手机获取。

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In an instant, we have sports scores, match results and news stories at our fingertips and on our phones the moment it happens.

这确实令人惊叹。

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And this is incredible.

但仍然存在一个问题。

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But there's still a problem.

主动寻找信息是一回事。

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It's one thing to seek out the information you're looking for.

偶然发现信息则是完全不同的另一回事。

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It's another thing entirely to stumble upon it.

偶然发现的过程是这样的:你正在浏览社交媒体动态,看到一些吸引你注意力的内容,你点击它,然后“噗”!

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The stumbling upon it goes like this. You're scrolling through your social media feed, you see something that captures your attention, you click on it and poof!

你掉进了兔子洞,完全沉浸其中。

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Down the rabbit hole you go. You're locked in.

这种偶然发现,就是我们营销领域所说的discoverability(可发现性:指内容或产品被用户发现的难易程度)。

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Well, this stumbling upon is what we in marketing call discoverability.

对于体育来说,它是激发现有粉丝并吸引新粉丝的魔力,将他们拉入其中。

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And for sports, it's the magic that fuels existing fans and captures new ones, pulling them in.

算法偏见:女性体育内容被边缘化的根源

虽然在Instagram、TikTok或Google(一家全球知名的互联网科技公司)上搜索体育新闻比以往任何时候都容易,但粉丝偶然发现,或者说“发现”的信息,却是由algorithms(算法:计算机程序用于处理数据和执行任务的一系列指令)推送给我们的。

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But while it's easier than ever to search for sports news on Instagram, TikTok or Google, the information that fans stumble upon, or rather discover, well, it's served up to us by algorithms.

它们利用历史数据、粉丝互动和流行趋势,而这些主要偏向于男子体育。

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They use historical data, fan interactions, and what's trending. Which mainly skews to men's sports.

尽管女性体育拥有令人难以置信的才华、激烈的竞争和日益增长的人气,但在我们的日常内容推送中,女性体育仍然在很大程度上是“不可见”的。

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Despite incredible talent, heated rivalries and growing popularity, women's sports remain largely invisible in our daily content feeds.

这带来了现实世界的影响。

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And this has real-world implications.

我已经在全球体育和娱乐营销领域工作了近二十年,先后在IMG(一家全球体育、时尚和媒体公司)、Visa(一家全球支付技术公司)以及现在的Google任职,我亲眼目睹了这种情况是如何以及为何发生的。

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I've spent nearly two decades in global sports and entertainment marketing at IMG, at Visa and now at Google, and I've seen firsthand how and why this happens.

所以我想和大家一起深入探讨这个问题。

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So I want to unpack this with you all.

我希望大家把这些技术平台想象成巨大的数字图书馆,而算法就是图书馆员。

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I want you to think about these technology platforms as massive digital libraries and the algorithms as the librarians.

它们擅长组织、索引和分类信息,但关键在于:它们只能从“书架上已有的内容”中进行推荐。

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They’re great at organizing, indexing and cataloging information, but here's the important bit. They can only make recommendations from what's on the shelves,

而从历史上看,几十年来直到最近,每有一篇关于女性体育的报道,就有19篇关于男子体育的报道。

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which historically, for many decades and only until very recently, has been 19 stories about men's sports for every one story about women's sports.

十九比一。

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Nineteen to one.

所以,如果我问这些技术平台中的任何一个,谁在国际足球比赛中为自己的国家进球最多,你们认为我会得到谁的名字?

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So if I ask any of these technology platforms, who has scored the most goals for their country in international football, who do you think I get?

你们大多数人会争论,是Cristiano Ronaldo(克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多:葡萄牙足球运动员)吗?

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Most of you are debating, is it Cristiano Ronaldo?

也许是Messi(梅西:阿根廷足球运动员)?

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Maybe Messi?

嗯,截至最近,克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多为葡萄牙打进了141个进球。

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Well, as of recently, Cristiano Ronaldo has scored 141 goals for Portugal.

但事实上,这个答案是错误的。

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But factually speaking, this answer is wrong.

剧透一下,也不是梅西。

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And spoiler alert, it's not Messi either.

这个性别模糊查询的正确答案是加拿大的Christine Sinclair(克里斯汀·辛克莱:加拿大女子足球运动员),她打进了190个进球。

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The correct answer to this gender-ambiguous query is Christine Sinclair of Canada, with 190 goals.

(欢呼和掌声)

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(Cheers and applause)

没错。

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That's right.

这不仅仅是一个错误,它是一个更大问题的症状,而且这只是众多例子中的一个。

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This isn't just a mistake. It's a symptom of a bigger problem. And it's one example of many.

这些性别模糊的查询归结为算法内部的词语匹配问题。

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These gender-ambiguous queries come down to word-matching issues within the algorithms.

当体育记者、评论员和内容创作者始终如一地发布对女性体育进行性别限定的内容,却不限定男子体育时,我们就会得到一个不完美的回答。

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When sports journalists, commentators, content creators consistently publish content that gender-qualifies women's sports, but not men's, we get an imperfect response.

对于那些想要解决梅西与罗纳尔多之争的人来说,这个答案是有效的,而且对于大多数输入这个查询的人来说,这正是他们想要的。

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For the person looking to settle the Messi versus Ronaldo debate, this answer works, and for the majority of people entering this query, this is what they're looking for.

但是,在这些答案和我们的日常内容推送中,对女性的客观遗漏,不仅对那些为荣誉而努力的运动员造成负面影响,也对正在寻找这些信息的粉丝造成负面影响。

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But the factual omission of women in these answers and in our daily content feeds, well, it negatively impacts the athletes who have worked very hard for the distinction, but also the fans who are looking for this information.

投资不足的恶性循环及其深远影响

这种缺乏可见性助长了通常被称为“投资不足的恶性循环”的现象。

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This lack of visibility fuels what's often referred to as the vicious cycle of underinvestment. The vicious cycle of underinvestment.

例如,在2023年,FIFA(国际足球联合会:世界足球运动的管理机构)主席Gianni Infantino(詹尼·因凡蒂诺)公开批评许多传统广播电视网络,称其为女子赛事转播权提供的报价比男子赛事低100倍,尽管2023年女足世界杯的收视率已接近男足世界杯的一半。

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In 2023, for example, president of FIFA Gianni Infantino went on record criticizing many of the traditional broadcast networks for offering up to 100 times less for the women's rights, even as the 2023 World Cup tournament approached half that of the men's tournament.

同样的事情也发生在美国的NCAA(美国大学体育协会:管理美国和加拿大大学体育赛事的组织)男子和女子篮球比赛中。

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The same thing's happening here in the United States with NCAA men's and women's basketball.

男子锦标赛每年通过媒体版权费赚取11亿美元,是女子锦标赛估值的17倍,尽管过去三届决赛的平均收视率已接近持平。

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The men's tournament earns 1.1 billion dollars per year in media rights fees, 17 times more than the estimated value of the women's tournament, even as the last three finals, on average, are approaching par.

这些成本不仅低估了女性体育的价值,也低估了女性体育迷的价值,这在更大的经济图景中是一个巨大的失误。

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These costs, they don't just undervalue women's sports, they're undervaluing the women's sports fan, which is a huge miss in the bigger economic picture.

事实证明,与男子体育相比,女性体育的粉丝更年轻,通常更懂技术,对赞助女性体育的品牌也更忠诚。

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It turns out, compared to men's sports, fans of women's sports are younger, they're generally more tech savvy, and they're more loyal to brands who sponsor women's sports.

但在一个男子体育无处不在、女性体育却难以找到的世界里,这些短视的媒体版权持有者和守门人,无疑辜负了运动员,也辜负了粉丝,尤其是,或许更重要的是,我们的女孩们。

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But in a world where men's sports are everywhere and women's sports are harder to find, these short-sighted media rights holders and gatekeepers, well, they're failing, certainly the athletes, but also the fan and especially, and maybe more importantly, our girls.

这引出了真正令人震惊的事实。

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Which leads me to the real kicker.

尽管女性体育近期激增,但到14岁时,女孩们退出体育运动的比例仍然是男孩的两倍。

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Despite the recent surge in women's sports, our girls are still dropping out of sport at twice the rate of boys by the age of 14.

如果她们看不到女性运动员在体育和生活中取得辉煌成就的精彩内容,就更难将体育视为自己的一条道路。

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If they can't see incredible content of female athletes crushing it in sport and in life, it makes it harder for them to see sport as a pathway for themselves.

如果她们看不到,又怎能梦想成为那样的人呢?

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If they can't see it, how can they ever dream of becoming it?

我毫不怀疑,如果不是作为运动员学到的那些经验,我不会成为今天的我,也不会成为今天的领导者。

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I know without a doubt, I would not be the person or leader I am today, were it not for the lessons I learned as an athlete.

那种毅力、决心、团队合作、责任感、韧性,所有这些都对我的余生产生了重大影响。

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The grit, the determination, the teamwork, the accountability, the resilience, all of it has had a significant impact on the rest of my life.

这很合理。

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And this makes sense.

我们知道,从小参与体育运动的女孩与成长为领导者的女性之间存在直接关联。

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We know there's a direct correlation between girls who grow up playing sports, becoming women who lead.

然而,尽管94%的C-suite(高管层:指公司最高级别的管理人员,如CEO、CFO等)女性从小参与体育运动,但全球只有6%的CEO是女性。

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But while 94 percent of C-suite women grew up playing sports, only six percent of global CEOs are female.

这意味着当女孩们退出体育运动时,未来女性领导力的重要输送管道就会受到影响。

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Which means when girls drop out of sports, a significant pipeline for future female leadership suffers.

重塑未来:新媒体、品牌与AI的赋能

现在有好消息。

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Now there is good news.

女性体育正在发展,这要归功于新媒体参与者的贡献,他们正在为女性体育重新构想体育格局。

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Women's sports are growing, and it's thanks to the contributions of new media players that are reimagining the sports landscape for women's sports.

那些理解其价值并积极投入的品牌,以及作为幕后内容创作者的运动员和粉丝,是的,甚至包括你和我。

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Brands who understand the value and are leaning in, athletes, fans who are working as content creators behind the scenes. And yes, even you and me.

那些理解女性体育受众价值的品牌和媒体版权持有者正在积极投入,并重新构想围绕体育版权的传统模式。

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Brands and media rights holders who understand the value of women's sports audiences, they're leaning in and they're reimagining traditional models around sports rights.

以Visa为例。

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Take Visa.

他们成为UEFA(欧洲足球协会联盟:欧洲足球的管理机构)女子足球有史以来第一个独立赞助商。

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They became the first-ever standalone sponsor of UEFA women's football.

他们与UEFA合作,基本上将女子赛事的赞助权从传统上与男子赛事捆绑销售的模式中“解绑”。

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They worked with UEFA to basically unbundle the women's sponsorship rights from what was traditionally sold as a bundle with the men's.

今年另一个有趣的例子来自流媒体平台Netflix(一家提供流媒体服务的公司),他们获得了未来两届FIFA女足世界杯在美国和加拿大的独家转播权。

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Another interesting example this year came from streaming platform Netflix, who secured the exclusive rights in the US and Canada for the next two FIFA Women's World Cups.

我很自豪地说,在Google,我们正在从两方面解决偏见挑战。

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I'm proud to say that at Google, we're tackling the bias challenge from both sides.

我们正在更智能地回应你的性别模糊查询,同时与Arsenal(阿森纳足球俱乐部:一支英格兰足球俱乐部)、Liverpool(利物浦足球俱乐部:一支英格兰足球俱乐部)等女子俱乐部的内容团队合作,确保在India Women’s Cricket(印度女子板球)、WNBA(美国女子职业篮球联赛)、National Women's Soccer League(美国女子足球大联盟)等赛事中,我们能为算法图书馆员创造更多故事,以便其编目和推荐。

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We're getting smarter at responding to your gender ambiguous queries while at the same time working with content teams like Arsenal, Liverpool, women’s clubs, making sure that across India Women’s Cricket, the WNBA, the National Women's Soccer League, we're creating more stories for the algorithmic librarian to catalog and recommend.

这是利物浦足球俱乐部的一个例子。

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This is an example of Liverpool Football Club.

今天,当你输入这个搜索查询时,你会得到选择:你是想要男子队还是女子队?

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Today, when you enter this into the search query, you're given the choice of do you want the men's team or the women's team?

我们的搜索产品在女性体育的discoverability(可发现性)方面越来越好,同时,我们也在与ESPN(娱乐与体育节目电视网:一家美国体育电视网)、“The Athletic”(一家专注于体育新闻和分析的在线媒体),甚至**“British Vogue”**(英国版《时尚》杂志)等媒体合作伙伴合作,增加对女性体育的报道。

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Our search products are getting better at women's sports discoverability, and at the same time, we’re working with media partners at ESPN, “The Athletic,” even “British Vogue,” increasing the coverage of women's sports.

运动员和粉丝也在重新构想新模式方面发挥着关键作用。

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Athletes and fans are also playing a critical role in reimagining new models.

他们通过社交媒体建立自己的受众,创造出超越赛场本身的品牌。

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They're building their own audiences with social media, creating brands that live far beyond the field of play.

以美国橄榄球运动员Ilona Maher(伊洛娜·马赫)为例。

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Take US rugby player Ilona Maher.

她在2020年东京奥运会和2024年巴黎奥运会期间,通过分享奥运村运动员生活的搞笑幕后花絮,在社交媒体上爆红。

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She blew up on social media during the Tokyo 2020 and Paris 2024 Olympics with her hilarious behind-the-scenes glimpses of athlete life in the Olympic Village.

她成为了自己的媒体渠道,与受众建立联系,使自己和女子橄榄球比传统媒体更能被看到、更具亲和力。

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She became her own media channel, connecting with audiences and making herself and women's rugby more visible and more relatable than traditional media ever could.

加拿大创作者兼粉丝Logan Hackett(洛根·哈克特),又名“sportswithlogs”,是另一个很棒的例子。

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Canadian creator and fan Logan Hackett, aka “sportswithlogs,” is another awesome example.

她分解复杂的比赛、规则和争议,使女性体育更容易理解,也更容易被新粉丝接受。

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She breaks down complex plays, rules and controversies, making women's sports easier to understand and more accessible to new fans.

最近,我一直在关注AI(人工智能)如何有望加速这一切。

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More recently, I've been paying attention to how AI is poised to accelerate all of this.

虽然AI slop(AI垃圾内容:指由人工智能生成但质量低下、缺乏原创性或价值的内容)确实存在,但在正确的人手中,像Gemini(谷歌开发的多模态人工智能模型)和ChatGPT(OpenAI开发的大型语言模型)这样的工具可以帮助任何人创建出深思熟虑、达到制作水平的优质内容,并进行大规模分发。

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While AI slop is a real thing, in the right hands, tools like Gemini and ChatGPT can enable anyone to create thoughtful, production-level, quality content and distribute it at scale.

以播客主持人Sean Callanan(肖恩·卡拉南)为例,他的“Sports Geek”(体育极客)快速摘要播客利用AI将当日的商业新闻整理成关于各种主题的每日节目,全部以他自己AI生成的声音呈现。

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Take podcast host Sean Callanan, whose “Sports Geek” rapid rundown podcast uses AI to curate the business news of the day into daily episodes on a variety of topics, all in his own AI-generated voice.

他以惊人的速度和效率制作这些内容。

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He churns these out with incredible speed and efficiency.

共同行动:构建女性体育的可见未来

但真正的影响将来自我们所有人。

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But the real impact? That's going to come from all of us.

你的点赞、分享、关注,你追踪的运动员,你关注的体育项目,所有这些都对女性体育内容库的建设起着重要作用。

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Your likes, your shares, your follows, the athletes that you track, the sports that you follow, it all plays a significant role in contributing to the library of women's sports content.

我对你们的挑战是:走得更远。

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My challenge to you is this: Go futher.

超越算法为你提供的内容。

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Go beyond what the algorithm serves you.

关注那些让你感兴趣的运动员。

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Follow athletes that intrigue you.

也许可以尝试自己作为内容创作者,讲述她们的故事,即使规模很小。

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Maybe try your hand at telling their story as a content creator yourself, even if on a small scale.

如果你是一个品牌,考虑投资女性体育媒体或成为赞助商。

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If you're a brand, consider investing in women's sports media or becoming a sponsor.

如果你是消费者,购买赞助女性体育的品牌产品。

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If you're a consumer, buy brands who sponsor women's sports.

这一切都很重要。

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It all matters.

长期以来,“你无法成为你看不见的人”一直是一个无形的障碍。

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For too long, "you cannot be what you cannot see" has been a quiet barrier.

但如果我们把这个警告变成一个行动号召呢?

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But what if we flip that from a warning into a call to action?

如果我当年能够即时分享我最自豪的奥运时刻,我想知道我能通过那片空白触及到哪些年轻运动员,以及今天她可能坐在哪个会议室里。

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Had I been able to instantly share my proudest Olympic moments way back when, I wonder what young athlete I would have reached through the void, and what boardroom she might be sitting in today.

为女性体育创造公平竞争的环境,需要我们所有人的参与,从品牌、媒体版权持有者、运动员和粉丝,到你和我。

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Leveling the playing field for women's sports is going to take all of us, from brands, media rights holders, athletes and fans, to you and me.

当我们选择重新构想女性体育的未来时,我们就打开了无限可能的大门。

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When we choose to reimagine the future of women's sports, we open the door to possibility.

让我们重新构想女性体育的未来,不是把它看作我们必须努力寻找的东西,而是我们有意识地、集体地去构建,让它被看见。

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Let's reimagine the future of women's sports not as something we have to work hard to find, but as something we deliberately and collectively build to be seen.

谢谢大家。

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Thank you.

(掌声)

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(Applause)

📌 文中提及的人物和组织

人物: Cristiano Ronaldo, Lionel Messi

公司/组织: Meta, YouTube, IMG, Visa, Google, FIFA, Netflix, ESPN

产品/模型: iPhone, Instagram, TikTok, Gemini, ChatGPT

媒体/书籍: Sports Geek, British Vogue

关键字: bias cycle female-leadership history media society