美国近期要闻速览
来自《纽约时报》的头条新闻。我是特雷西·芒福德。今天是11月19日星期三。以下是我们今天将报道的内容。
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From the New York Times, it's the headlines. I'm Tracy Mumford. Today's Wednesday, November 19th. Here's what we're covering.
首先,来自华盛顿的三条简报。
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First, three quick updates from Washington
爱泼斯坦文件即将公布
关于这项投票,赞成票427张,反对票1张。昨天在众议院,议员们几乎一致通过了一项法案,指示司法部公布爱泼斯坦文件(Epstein files: 指与已故金融家杰弗里·爱泼斯坦性贩卖网络相关的政府文件)。
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on this vote. The yays are 427, the nays are one. In the House of Representatives yesterday, lawmakers almost unanimously approved a bill directing the Justice Department to release the Epstein files.
这些女性经历了最可怕的斗争,她们通过团结一致、永不放弃做到了这一点。我们也正是通过与世界上最有权势的人,甚至是美国总统,进行如此艰苦的斗争才做到了这一点。
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These women have fought the most horrific fight. And they did it by banding together and never giving up. And that's what we did by fighting so hard against the most powerful people in the world, even the president of the United States.
在国会大厦外的新闻发布会上,一些爱泼斯坦的受害者与众议员玛乔丽·泰勒·格林一同出现,格林是少数几位共和党人之一,她几个月来一直抵制特朗普总统试图阻挠这项措施的努力。
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In a news conference outside the capital, some of Epstein's victims appeared alongside Representative Marjgerie Taylor Green, one of the handful of Republicans who spent months defying President Trump's efforts to derail the measure.
特朗普最终放弃了反对,因为很明显这项法案将以压倒性优势通过,越来越多的共和党议员担心不支持它会让人觉得有所隐瞒。
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Trump ultimately dropped his opposition when it became clear that it would pass overwhelmingly as more and more GOP lawmakers worried that not supporting it made it look like there was something to hide.
真正的考验将是司法部是否会公布这些文件,还是会一直拖延在调查中。
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The real test will be, will the Department of Justice release the files or will it all remain tied up in investigations?
至于接下来会发生什么,参议院现在正准备批准这项措施,特朗普也表示他将签署。
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In terms of what happens next, the Senate is now preparing to approve the measure and Trump has said he will sign it.
然而,即使这一切发生,政府所有文件的公布也并非板上钉钉。
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Even once that happens, though, the release of all of the government's files is not guaranteed.
司法部估计有超过10万页与爱泼斯坦相关的材料,它可以根据文件是否会暴露受害者身份或损害正在进行的调查等因素,限制其公开的内容。
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The Justice Department, which has an estimated 100,000 plus pages of materials related to Epstein, can limit what it makes public based on things like whether the documents could identify a victim or undermine an active investigation.
特朗普为沙特王储辩护
此外,今天椭圆形办公室里有一位备受尊敬的人士,他是我多年的朋友。
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everybody, we have a uh extremely respected man in the Oval Office today and a friend of mine for a long time.
昨天,特朗普总统盛赞沙特阿拉伯王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼(Muhammad bin Salman: 沙特阿拉伯王储兼首相),他在白宫接待了萨勒曼,并安排了F-35战斗机飞越,以及骑马的军官举着沙特和美国国旗。
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President Trump heaped praise on the crown prince of Saudi Arabia yesterday as he welcomed Muhammad bin Salman to the White House with a flyover of F-35 jets and military officers on horseback carrying Saudi and American flags.
“殿下,美国情报部门认定您策划了对一名记者的残忍谋杀。”
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Your loyal highness, the US intelligence concluded that you orchestrated the brutal murder of a journalist.
访问期间,萨勒曼面临关于2018年一名《华盛顿邮报》专栏作家被沙特特工杀害的尖锐提问。但特朗普急忙为这位王储辩护。
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During the visit, bin Salman faced sharp questions about the 2018 killing of a Washington Post columnist by Saudi agents. But Trump rushed to defend the prince.
很多人不喜欢你提到的那位先生。无论你喜欢他还是不喜欢他,事情都发生了。但他对此一无所知。我们可以就此打住。你没必要问这样的问题来让我们的客人难堪。
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A lot of people didn't like that gentleman that you're talking about. Whether you like him or didn't like him, things happened. But he knew nothing about it. And we can leave it at that. You don't have to embarrass our guest by asking a question like that.
总统似乎专注于确保萨勒曼的访问顺利进行。这其中涉及近万亿美元的潜在沙特对美投资。
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The president seems focused on making sure Bin Salman's visit goes smoothly. There's almost a trillion dollars of potential Saudi investment in the US at stake.
今天晚些时候,两位领导人预计将在肯尼迪中心参加一场美沙投资会议。
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Later today, the two leaders are expected to participate in a US Saudi investment conference at the Kennedy Center.
民主党议员警告非法命令
目前,对我们宪法的威胁不仅来自国外,也来自国内。
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right now, the threats to our Constitution aren't just coming from abroad, but from right here at home.
一群民主党议员发布了一段严厉的视频信息,提醒军方和情报界的成员,他们有义务拒绝非法命令。
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A group of Democratic lawmakers have released a stark video message reminding members of the military and the intelligence community that they are obligated to refuse illegal orders.
美国人民需要你们。我们需要你们捍卫我们的法律、我们的宪法以及我们作为美国人的身份。
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The American people need you. We need you to stand up for our laws, our Constitution, and who we are as Americans.
所有六位议员都曾在军队或美国情报部门服役。虽然他们没有点名任何具体的命令或情景,但其中一些人此前曾对政府正在进行的针对涉嫌贩毒者的船只袭击以及特朗普向美国城市部署军队的合法性表示担忧。
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All six lawmakers either served in the military or in US intelligence themselves. And while they didn't name any specific order or scenario, some of them have previously raised concerns about the legality of the administration's ongoing boat strikes against alleged drug traffickers and Trump's deployment of troops to American cities.
特朗普政府官员迅速谴责了这段视频,称其是在煽动军方反抗总司令。
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Trump administration officials quickly condemned the video, saying it was encouraging the military to rebel against the commander-in-chief.
普渡制药70亿美元阿片类药物和解
昨天,一名破产法官批准了一项协议,该协议将解散普渡制药公司,该公司是臭名昭著的止痛药奥施康定(OxyContin: 一种强效阿片类止痛药)的制造商,长期以来一直被指责助长了美国的阿片类药物危机。
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Yesterday, a bankruptcy judge signed off on a deal that will dissolve Purdue Pharma, the maker of the notorious painkiller Oxycontton that's long been blamed for helping fuel the nation's opioid crisis.
多年来,普渡公司积极推销这种药物,并宣传其基本不具成瘾性,尽管阿片类药物的使用量不断膨胀,过量死亡人数也急剧上升。
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For years, Purdue aggressively marketed the drug and promoted it as largely non-addictive, even as opioid use ballooned and overdose deaths surged.
作为和解协议的一部分,拥有普渡公司的萨克勒家族将向各州、部落、医院、学区以及约15万名对该公司提出索赔的个人受害者和家庭支付高达70亿美元的赔偿。
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As part of the settlement, members of the Sackler family, which owns Purdue, will have to pay up to $7 billion to states, tribes, hospitals, school districts, and around 150,000 individual victims and families who made claims against the company.
普渡公司本身将重组为一家公益公司(public benefit company: 一种旨在同时追求利润和社会或环境效益的公司类型),该公司将生产过量逆转药物和限量止痛药。
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Purdue itself will be reformed into what's known as a public benefit company that will produce overdose reversal medications and a limited quantity of painkillers.
所有利润都将用于解决阿片类药物造成的危害项目。这项协议酝酿了多年。
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All profits from that will go to programs addressing the harm caused by opioids. The deal was years in the making.
萨克勒家族最初表示,他们只同意一项能让他们完全免于未来诉讼的和解协议,但最终不得不放弃这一要求。
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The Sackler family originally said they'd only agree to a settlement that gave them total immunity from future lawsuits, but ultimately had to drop that demand.
和解款项最早可能在三月份开始发放。
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Payments from the settlement could start being distributed as soon as March.
尼日利亚铅中毒供应链调查
在尼日利亚首都附近的一个城镇,有毒的烟雾几乎无处不在,这取决于风向。人们抱怨黑色的烟尘落在他们的衣物上。
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there's noxious clouds just about everywhere, depending upon which way the wind blows. People complain that black soot is filtering down on their laundry.
我拜访了一位明显颤抖的男士,他的墙壁被烟熏得漆黑。
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I visited with a man who is visibly shaking, whose walls were black from the smoke.
《纽约时报》发现,全球对铅的狂热需求(铅是汽车电池的必需品)催生了一条正在毒害人们的供应链。
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The Times has found that the frenzied global demand for lead, which is essential for car batteries, has spawned a supply chain that is poisoning people.
我的同事彼得·古德曼是这项调查的记者之一。他说,由于开采金属的成本很高,许多公司转而回收利用。
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My colleague Peter Goodman was one of the reporters on the investigation. He says because of the high cost of mining the metal, a lot of companies have turned to recycling it instead.
这可以干净安全地完成,但需要数百万美元的技术和设备。
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That can be done cleanly and safely, but it requires millions of dollars in technology and equipment.
在尼日利亚,这个国家已成为美国公司回收铅增长最快的来源之一,其回收过程却大相径庭。
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In Nigeria, which has become one of the fastest growing sources of recycled lead for US companies, the process looks very different.
在过去的一年里,我去了尼日利亚两次,我所看到的一切都令人不安。我的意思是,即使是普通人也能看出有些事情非常不对劲。
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Over the last year, I've taken two trips to Nigeria, and what I saw was was just disturbing. I mean, just a lay person could tell that something's really a ride.
人们用手从他们用砍刀敲开的废旧汽车电池中取出铅。他们把这些铅放进大熔炉里,将其熔化,然后装入集装箱运往世界各地。
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People are using their hands to take lead that they've extracted from spent car batteries they've cracked open, often with machetes. And they take this lead, they put it in these big furnaces, and they cook it down that they can put into shipping containers and send around the world.
结果是铅尘、烟雾几乎弥漫在这些紧邻冶炼厂的村庄里。我的意思是,人们就生活在这些工厂的中间。
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And the result of this is lead, dust, fumes, like pretty much everywhere in these villages that are right next to these smelters. I mean, people are living right in the midst of these factories.
我们想了解对公众健康的影响。因此,我们委托了一个当地科学家团队寻找志愿者进行血液检测。
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We wanted to understand what the public health effects were. So, we commissioned a team of local scientists to find volunteers and conduct blood tests.
我们检测了大约70人。我们发现,其中大约十分之七的人血液中的铅含量达到了需要真正医疗关注的水平。
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We tested about 70 people. And what we discovered was that roughly seven out of 10 of them had levels of lead in their blood that were a cause for real medical concern.
我们检测的每一位工人,这些都是冶炼厂的工人,血液中的铅含量都非常高。
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Every single worker we tested, these are workers at these smelters, had very high levels of lead in their blood.
而儿童的铅含量尤其令人担忧。这些冶炼厂周围生活着许多孩子,他们的学校就在旁边,孩子们显示出高血铅水平,我们谈论的是可能导致不可逆转的神经损伤。
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And the levels were particularly concerning for children. There are lots of kids living around these smelters. their schools right alongside and the kids showed high blood levels and we're talking about potentially irreversible neurological damage as a result of that.
彼得说,由于供应链复杂且不透明,汽车公司和电池制造商不太可能确切知道他们使用的回收铅来自何处。
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Peter says that because the supply chain is complex and opaque, car companies and battery makers are unlikely to know exactly where the recycled lead they use comes from.
但《纽约时报》发现,来自尼日利亚的铅已流向为福特、通用汽车、特斯拉等公司制造电池的企业。
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But the Times found that lead from Nigeria has gone to companies that make batteries for Ford, General Motors, Tesla, and others.
今年秋天早些时候,在《纽约时报》开始检测尼日利亚的铅含量后,当地官员关闭了五家冶炼厂,其中包括彼得访问过的一家工厂。但几天后,它们又重新开始运营。
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Earlier this fall, after the Times started testing lead levels in Nigeria, officials there closed five smelters, including one of the plants that Peter visited. But days later, they were running again.
美国保守年轻男性皈依东正教
最后,从历史上看,美国各地东正教教堂的座位一直由来自乌克兰、希腊和其他拥有大量东正教人口的国家移民填满。
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And finally, historically, the pews in Orthodox churches across the US have been filled with immigrants from Ukraine, Greece, and other countries with big Orthodox populations.
但最近,这个基督教小分支的牧师们一直在交流关于新皈依者激增的故事,这些新皈依者是保守的年轻美国男性。
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But lately, priests in the small branch of Christianity have been swapping stories about a surge of new converts, conservative young American men.
一位牧师告诉《纽约时报》:“这种涌入是美国东正教历史上从未见过的。”
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There's been such an influx, one priest told the Times, "In the whole history of the Orthodox Church in America, this has never been seen.
我叫本,如果你看过标题,你就会知道我决定皈依东正教了。
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My name is Ben, and if you've seen the title, then you know that I've decided to become Orthodox."
至于其背后的原因,许多新信徒是通过播客接触到它的。
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In terms of what's behind it, a lot of the new adherence have been introduced to it by podcasts.
它的一切都是古老的,一切都是礼仪性的和音乐性的,没有宣传,这真是令人欣慰。
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All of it's ancient and all of it's liturggical and musical, and there's no propaganda, and it's such a relief.
或者他们是从那些谈论他们所描述的“女权主义和同性恋威胁”的强硬派网络影响者那里听说的。
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or they've heard about it from hard edge online influencers who talk about what they describe as the threats of feminism and homosexuality.
这导致了在线上的简称Orthobros(Orthodox Brothers: 指皈依东正教的保守年轻美国男性群体)。
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It's led to the online shortorthhand orthobros.
一些皈依者表示,他们喜欢东正教如何肯定他们的男子气概。东正教牧师通常留着大胡子,他们被允许结婚,并且通常拥有大家庭。
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Some of the converts say that they like how the Orthodox church affirms their masculinity. Orthodox priests usually sport big beards. They're allowed to marry and they often have big families.
皈依者还说,他们也喜欢教会对他们提出的严格要求。每周的礼拜仪式持续数小时,人们通常全程站立。而且还有严格的禁食。
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And converts say they also like that the church makes intense demands of them. The weekly worship service is an hourslong affair in which people typically stand the whole time. And there's strict fasting, too.
然而,一些围绕东正教的在线讨论超越了保守思想,进入了公开的种族主义和反犹太主义信息。
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Some of the online conversations around the Orthodox Church, though, go beyond conservative ideas into openly racist and anti-semitic messages.
近年来,几位极右翼人物皈依了。但教区牧师告诉《纽约时报》,他们的职责是向新皈依者表明,这实际上并不代表他们的宗教。
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In recent years, several far-right figures have converted. But parish priests tell the Times it's their job to show new converts that isn't actually representative of their religion.
东正教的兴盛反映了美国正在发生的一个更大的转变。几十年来,每一代人都比上一代更不虔诚。
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The boost for the Orthodox Church speaks to a bigger shift that seems to be happening in the US. For decades, each generation has been less religious than the last.
但最近一项主要调查发现,基督教在该国不再衰落。相反,它已经稳定下来,部分归功于年轻人。
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But a major survey recently found that Christianity is no longer declining in the country. Instead, it has stabilized thanks in part to young people.
以上就是今天的头条新闻。今天在《The Daily》节目中,我们将深入探讨迫使特朗普总统在爱泼斯坦文件问题上让步的共和党反叛。
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Those are the headlines. Today on the daily, more about the Republican rebellion that forced President Trump's hand on the Epstein files.
你可以在《纽约时报》应用程序或任何你收听播客的地方收听。我是特雷西·芒福德。我们明天再见。
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You can listen to that in the New York Times app or wherever you get your podcasts. I'm Tracy Mumford. We'll be back tomorrow.