影响力、微小顺从与 AI 时代的生存
Chase Hughes: 社交媒体、政治宣传,甚至是邪教领袖,吸引你加入的方式都是一样的。这是我们影响他人的头号方式:微小顺从 (Micro Compliance)。以催眠为例,我可以在一分半钟内让人躺在地板上失去知觉,这非常简单。但在开始之前,你会看到我让他们做大约 50 件微不足道的小事:伸出双手、翻转手心、向上看、向下看。这些动作本身毫无意义,但它们通过大量的微小顺从改变了你的行为模式。大脑在过去 20 万年里没有多长出一道皱纹,所以那些对“洗脑”有效的手段现在依然有效。比如新奇感 (Novelty),任何新奇的事物都会劫持我们的大脑。
Original English
Chase Hughes: This is how social media starts roping you in. This is how politics starts roping you in. This is how cult leaders will recruit you into a cult. It's the number one way that we influence another human being. Micro compliance. And hypnosis is a great example of this. Like I can have a person laying on the floor unconscious in maybe a minute and a half. And it's very easy to do. But one of the things you'll see me do at the beginning of that is like give me your hand, put both hands out like this, and then flip them over. I make them do like 50 things. None of the things that I just did with them are meaningful. Everything was micro compliance. Use what works for brainwashing because our brains have not developed one more wrinkle in the last 200,000 years. So a regular example of this is novelty. Anything novel hijacks our brain.
Stephen Bartlett: 这听起来可能是世界上最重要的技能。随着 AI 的加速发展,Elon Musk 说未来会有 100 亿个类人机器人。当智能变得廉价时,什么样的职业会保留下来?大家的共识是:人性技能 (Human Skills),那些无法被取代的社交与沟通技能将具有极高价值。你刚才提到你最喜欢谈论的话题是帮助人们理解如何引导人类决策,这在实际中意味着什么?
Original English
Stephen Bartlett: That might just be the most important skill in the world. Chase, the world is changing rapidly with this whole AI thing accelerating. Elon Musk says we'll have 10 billion humanoid robots in the world in the future. In a world where we're going to have all this intelligence, what jobs are going to remain? One of the points of consensus is that human skills, social skills, people skills are going to be of extreme value. You said the thing you like talking about the most is helping people understand how to guide human decision and have great conversations. What does that mean in real specific practical terms?
破解影响力的底层模型:PCP 模型
Chase Hughes: 无论你是 CEO 还是父母,最重要的一点是理解 PCP 模型。这是人类被影响时的三步级联反应。P (Perception) 代表感知。改变结果的第一步是改变对方看待局势的方式。AI 也很擅长这个,它会先通过“我理解你的挫折”来引起共鸣,然后给出新的视角,让你觉得“这太深刻了”。记住,优秀的语言应该是共鸣 (Resonating) 而非指令。
Original English
Chase Hughes: When it comes to influencing human beings, the most important thing is this thing called the PCP model. PCP is a three-step cascade. P is perception. The first step to changing somebody's outcome is to change how you're viewing this situation. When people talk about owning the frame or redefining what a situation means, that is changing the perception. If we're talking about AI, AI can say, "Stephen, I see what you mean, I see why you're frustrated," but then it gives you this layer that makes you say, "this is going deep." It hit the P on the PCP model. The biggest mistake people make is language should be resonating and not directing.
Stephen Bartlett: 所以如果我只是给出一个新视角,对方可能不信;但如果我先承认对方的观点,再引导,就会更有效?
Original English
Stephen Bartlett: So if it just given me a new one, I might not have believed it. But because it first acknowledges my point of view before delivering a different one, that's more effective?
Chase Hughes: 没错。P 之后是 C (Context),即语境。语境决定了哪些行为是被允许的。就像你每天都会脱光衣服洗澡,但你绝不会在办公楼中间这么做,因为语境不同。如果你能改变语境,让原本不被允许的行为变得顺理成章,你就能让人做任何事。比如在商业谈判中,你可以先设定一个框架 (Frame):“我很高兴我们能以合作而非竞争的心态坐在这里。” 这种早期的框架设定非常强大,能减少后续的“理论化讨论”。最后是 P (Permission),即许可。当你改变了感知和语境,对方的大脑就会自动给出行动的许可。
Original English
Chase Hughes: Yes. After I shift your perception, I change the C, which is context. Context dictates what behavior is permissible. If I can change context to where what I want you to do is just an automatic thing, I can make you do anything. The real skill is just being able to shift perception and context. You can radicalize someone politically just through context. Context gives us the final P, which is permission. If I'm entering into a negotiation and I set a frame right from the beginning, it gives permission to find common ground.
童年发展三角与身份黑客
Chase Hughes: 我教给每个人的另一个核心工具是童年发展三角 (Childhood Development Triangle)。孩子在成长过程中为了赚取朋友、获得安全感、得到奖励会运行特定的“脚本”。比如一个孩子可能通过讲笑话来保持朋友,或者通过变得渺小来获得安全感。这些脚本会被带入成年。你看到在会议上想发言却紧闭双唇的女性,其实看到的是一个曾在餐桌上被吼叫的八岁孩子。意识 (Awareness) 是改变的第一步。
Original English
Chase Hughes: I'm a behavior profiler. One of the things I teach is the childhood development triangle. When you're growing up, what did that child have to do most of the time to earn friends, to feel safe, and to get rewards? That tends to get written in childhood and carried into adulthood. 90% of us are walking around with this exact triangle governing our life. If you look at people at work, you see an eight-year-old who got yelled at at a family dinner table. Awareness is what you want.
Stephen Bartlett: 既然这些生存机制会伴随我们一生,我们该如何处理那些阻碍我们的模式?
Original English
Stephen Bartlett: Since these survival mechanisms will be with me forever, what do I do if one behavior I've learned is making my life worse?
Chase Hughes: 你无法删除它,就像你无法从脑子里删掉“玛丽有一只小……”后面那个词一样。但你可以重塑身份 (Identity)。身份是劝说中最强大的力量。我会让客户下载一个把脸变胖的 App,印出来贴在冰箱上。这会产生认知失调 (Cognitive Dissonance),你的哺乳动物大脑会立刻明白“这不是我”,从而驱动你改变。与其说“我明天要去健身房”,不如说“我是那种会去健身房的人”,这种基于身份的行动更有力。
Original English
Chase Hughes: You can't get rid of it. What truly changes for you is hearing a child's voice—a misguided child who developed a coping mechanism. Part two is identity. Identity is the number one thing when it comes to persuasion. I have my clients download the face app that makes you look real obese and put it on the refrigerator. You're creating cognitive dissonance. "I am the kind of person that goes to the gym" is a much more powerful identity-based action.
高级说服技巧:让人觉得自己聪明
Chase Hughes: 还有一种或许是最危险的说服技能:让人觉得自己很聪明。我会在桌上放一块乐高,再放一块,但我永远不会把它们拼在一起。我会提供两块你绝对认同的信息碎片,让你的大脑自动得出结论:“哦,我知道发生什么了!” 任何你认为源于自己大脑的想法,你都无法抵抗。媒体经常这么做,比如报道一个女人失踪,接着说邻居看到她和男友吵架,然后进广告。你的大脑会自动补完那个结论。
Original English
Chase Hughes: I refer to this as the most dangerous persuasion skill there is. I'm going to put a Lego on the table, and another Lego, but I will never put them together for you. Any idea that you think came from your own mind, you have no ability to resist it. A regular example is the news: "Local woman reported missing. Neighbors said earlier people saw her arguing with her boyfriend. Details after the break." Your brain is like, "I know exactly what happened." They make you feel clever.
Stephen Bartlett: 我们在讨论 AI 未来时,这些技能是否不可替代?
Original English
Stephen Bartlett: As we head into this AI world, are these skills irreplaceable?
Chase Hughes: 绝对。AI 永远无法取代马斯洛需求层次中的第三层:归属感 (Belonging)。我们的感官不是为数字连接设计的。即便在 AI 时代,那种让人感到被看见、被听见、被理解而不被审判的能力,依然是人类最核心的价值。生活本质上应该是一场游戏,要学会庆祝胜利,哪怕是微小的进步。
Original English
Chase Hughes: Absolutely. AI will never replace the third row of Maslow's hierarchy—belonging. Our brains were not wired to receive digital connection. Number one is making people feel heard and seen and not judging them. It's supposed to be fun. It's supposed to be a game.
📌 文中提及的人物和组织
人物: Chase Hughes, Stephen Bartlett, Elon Musk, Sam Altman
公司/组织: OpenAI, NCI University
媒体/书籍: The Diary Of A CEO, Indistractable