汽油价格与经济分化
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 大家好,《纽约时报》头条新闻。我是特蕾西·姆姆福德。今天是5月7日,星期四。我们将报道以下内容。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: From the New York Times, it's the headlines. I'm Tracy Mumford. Today's Thursday, May 7th. Here's what we're covering.
采访对象: 请您描绘一下,自战争和油价飙升以来,您是如何应对燃油成本的。我的意思是,我之前付的油费远低于3美元,然后,让我想想,大约一周的时间,它就上涨了将近一美元。
Original English
Interviewee: Paint me a picture of how you managed fuel costs since the war and the spike in prices. I mean, I was paying well below $3, and then, within a week, it jumped up almost a dollar.
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 全美范围,汽油价格持续上涨,但这种负担的重量并未均等降临在每个人身上。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: Across the US, gas prices keep ticking up, but the weight of that burden is not hitting everyone equally.
采访对象: 是的,这太艰难了。我的意思是,汽油曾是唯一不那么贵的必需品。
Original English
Interviewee: Yeah, it's rough. I mean, gas was the one thing that wasn't that expensive.
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 根据纽约联邦储备银行发布的一项分析,低收入美国人感受到的冲击最为严重。我的同事 Talman Joseph Smith 采访了一位 40 多岁的女性,她在南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿以开 Uber 和 Lyft 为生。她说,汽油价格的上涨已经侵蚀了她的实际收入。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: According to an analysis released by the New York Fed, lower income Americans are feeling the worst of it. My colleague Talman Joseph Smith talked with a woman in her mid-40s who drives for Uber and Lyft in Charleston, South Carolina. She said the jump in gas prices has eroded her take-home pay.
Uber/Lyft 司机: 我甚至觉得,我出门还有什么意义呢?
Original English
Uber/Lyft Driver: It's like, why am I even coming out of the house?
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 总的来说,该分析发现,尽管低收入家庭在削减购买量,但他们仍然在汽油上花费比平时更多的钱。他们可能会减少驾驶里程、拼车、如果可能的话乘坐公共交通。然而,高收入家庭在价格飙升的情况下,购买的汽油量与之前相同。这表明他们的行为基本未受影响。数据显示,燃料成本的飙升实际上正在加剧美国的经济分化,并延续着经济的“K型”状态,即顶层人群持续繁荣,而底层人群则相对下滑。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: In general, the analysis found lower income households are spending a lot more on gas than usual, even as they're cutting back on how much they're buying. They may be driving less, carpooling, taking public transit if they can. Higher income households, however, are buying the same amount of gas as before, even with the surge in prices. It's a sign their behavior has largely been unaffected. The data shows the spike in fuel costs is essentially inflaming the economic divide in the US and perpetuating the K-shaped state of the economy where those on top keep thriving while those at the bottom slide in comparison.
地缘政治冲突
发言人 4: 与此同时,
Original English
Speaker 4: Meanwhile,
发言人 5: 我们正在进行一场……我称之为一场小冲突,因为它确实就是一场小冲突。
Original English
Speaker 5: we're in a uh I call it a skirmish because that's what it is. It's a skirmish.
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 过去一天,关于战争状态和潜在和平协议的更新信息相互矛盾且变化迅速。昨天,在椭圆形办公室,特朗普总统曾表示,“我认为我们赢了,而且谈判进展顺利。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: Over the last day, updates on the state of the war and a potential peace deal have been contradictory and rapidly changing. Yesterday in the Oval Office, President Trump said, quote, "I think we won and that talks were going well.
特朗普总统: 他们想达成协议。在过去 24 小时里,我们进行了非常好的会谈,
Original English
President Trump: They want to make a deal. We've had very good talks over the last 24 hours
特朗普总统: 而且很有可能我们会达成协议。但总统也在社交媒体上发布了新的威胁,写道,如果伊朗不同意,引用他的话,“轰炸就开始,而且不幸的是,其规模和强度将远高于以往。” 就伊朗而言,它也给出了相互矛盾的回应。昨天,一位伊朗官员驳斥了一项结束战争的所谓提议,称其为美国的一厢情愿。但之后,另一位官员,伊朗外交部发言人表示,他的政府正在审查一项美国计划,并将告知巴基斯坦的调解人其立场。
Original English
President Trump: and it's very possible that we'll make a deal. But the president also issued a new threat on social media, writing that if Iran doesn't agree, quote, "The bombing starts and it will be sadly at a much higher level and intensity than it was before." For its part, Iran has given conflicting responses, too. Yesterday, one Iranian official dismissed a reported proposal to end the war as a list of American wishes. But later, another official, Iran's foreign ministry spokesman, said his government was reviewing an American plan and would let mediators from Pakistan know its position.
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 在约旦河西岸,专家表示,极端以色列定居者正利用美伊战争的机会加剧对巴勒斯坦人的袭击。本质上,在世界分心之际,他们一直在加紧针对当地居民的暴力活动。在一个约旦河西岸村庄,一位巴勒斯坦男子描述说,他在定居者袭击中亲眼目睹儿子被枪杀,之后他自己也被刺伤并打晕。在另一个村庄,蒙面男子性侵了一名牧羊人,并残暴对待了他的大家庭,包括孩子。总计,在战争头两个月,有 13 名巴勒斯坦人在袭击中丧生。根据联合国的数据,这几乎相当于去年全年的总和。许多人受伤,超过 600 人被迫离开家园。这场暴力和恐吓的攻势正在清空整个村庄,让许多巴勒斯坦人每晚天黑时都感到恐惧。一位巴勒斯坦妇女告诉《纽约时报》,她感觉没有人保护他们,并引用她的话说:“我们只能靠自己。” 以色列军队本应在约旦河西岸维持秩序,但一些指挥官告诉《纽约时报》,他们难以让部队采取行动,有时是因为士兵同情定居者。在调查袭击事件方面,这落在了以色列警方身上。他们声称已逮捕了几人,但《纽约时报》的报道显示,他们长期未能将定居者绳之以法。警方还否认袭击事件激增。以色列的右翼政府,在其领导下约旦河西岸定居点经历了创纪录的扩张,也淡化了暴力事件。过去,总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡曾将定居者的袭击轻描淡写为“一小撮孩子的行为”。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: In the West Bank, experts say that extremist Israeli settlers are using the US-Israeli war with Iran as a chance to intensify attacks on Palestinians. Essentially, with the world distracted, they've been ramping up a campaign of violence against residents there. In one Westbank village, a Palestinian man described seeing his son fatally shot in a settler attack before he himself was stabbed and beaten unconscious. In another village, masked men sexually assaulted a shepherd and brutalized his extended family, including children. All told, 13 Palestinians were killed in attacks in the first two months of the war. Almost as many as all of last year, according to the United Nations. Many more were injured and more than 600 have been driven from their homes. The campaign of violence and intimidation is emptying out entire villages and leaving many Palestinians afraid of what will happen each night when it gets dark. One Palestinian woman told the Times she feels like no one is protecting them and quote, "We are on our own." The Israeli military is supposed to maintain order in the West Bank, but several commanders told the Times they struggle to get their troops to take action in some cases because the soldiers sympathize with the settlers. When it comes to investigating the attacks, that falls on the Israeli police. They say they've made several arrests, but Times reporting has shown they've long failed to bring settlers to justice. The police also denied that there's been a surge in attacks. Israel's right-wing government, which has overseen a record expansion of West Bank settlements, has also minimized the violence. In the past, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has downplayed settler attacks as just the work of quote a handful of kids.
特德·特纳的媒体遗产
采访对象: 那些早期艰难的日子里,您是否坚持信念?您是否一直认为这一切会成功?我早就知道它会大获成功。媒体大亨特德·特纳,这位在创办 CNN 时改变了世界新闻消费方式的人,已于 87 岁去世。他被认为是第一批明星 CEO 之一,他建立了一个庞大的帝国,旗下不仅有新闻频道,还有 TNT、TBS、Turner Classic Movies 和 Cartoon Network。特纳的职业生涯始于青少年时期,为他父亲在佐治亚州的广告公司绘制广告牌。后来,作为一名商人,他以其鲁莽、自吹自擂和承担惊人风险的声誉而闻名,他背负债务购买了他的第一家电视台,以及亚特兰大勇士队和 MGM 经典电影的全部目录。其中一些赌注获得了丰厚回报。他是一个做什么事都“大干一场”的人。曾有一次告诉记者,他希望自己的遗产能与亚历山大大帝、拿破仑、甘地相媲美。在一项非凡的慈善行动中,他向联合国捐赠了超过 10 亿美元。但多年来,他也因使用种族和民族歧视性语言而受到强烈抨击。他还因此声名狼藉,充满争议。曾一度与菲德尔·卡斯特罗成为朋友,据说他曾说:“他和我一样,是个独裁者。” 然而,他遗产中最重要的一块可以追溯到 1980 年。
Original English
Interviewee: And when those early days were rough, did you keep the faith? Did you always think this would make question? I knew it was going to be a hit for before it went on the air. The media mogul Ted Turner, who changed the way the world consumes the news when he launched CNN, has died at 87. He's considered one of the first ever celebrity CEOs, and he built up a vast empire with not just news, but TNT, TBS, Turner Classic Movies, Cartoon Network. Turner got his start as a teenager painting billboards for his father's advertising company in Georgia. And later as a businessman, he developed a reputation for being brash, self-aggrandizing, and taking astounding risks, going into debt to buy his first TV station, as well as the Atlanta Braves and the entire catalog of classic MGM movies. And some of those bets paid off big. He was the kind of person who just went big for everything. Telling a journalist at one point he wanted his legacy to be on par with that of Alexander the Great, Napoleon Gandhi. In an extraordinary act of philanthropy, he donated more than a billion dollars to the United Nations. But he also drew backlash over the years for using ethnic and racial slurs. And he developed a reputation for controversy. At one point befriending Fidel Castro, reportedly saying, "He's like me, a dictator. The most significant piece of his legacy though dates back to 1980.
电视工作人员: 准备,3 号摄像机,居中。
Original English
TV Crew: Ready camera 3 one center.
大卫·沃克: 晚上好。我是大卫·沃克,
Original English
David Walker: Good evening. I'm David Walker
洛伊斯·哈特: 我是洛伊斯·哈特。现在是新闻时间。
Original English
Lois Hart: and I'm Lois Hart. Now here's the news.
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 那时他推出了他的标志性创作——有线新闻网络,即 CNN。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: That's when he launched his signature creation, the cable news network or CNN.
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 在某种意义上,我们都生活在特德·特纳的世界里。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: In some sense, we are all living in Ted Turner's world.
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 我的同事 Jim Rutenberg,他报道媒体行业已有二十多年,他说很多人认为特纳的想法简直是疯了。当特德·特纳在 1980 年创办 CNN 时,新闻主要由三大网络——ABC、CBS 和 NBC——的三位主播传递。他们每晚播出 30 分钟。那就是你的主要新闻来源。特德·特纳说:“我认为人们会看更长时间。事实上,我认为他们会看 24 小时。” 这是一个革命性的想法。你知道,在我们开始之后不久,我就能看出我们会成为一个大赢家。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: My colleague Jim Rutenberg, who's covered the media for more than two decades, says many people thought Turner's idea was crazy. When Ted Turner comes along in 1980 to start CNN, the news is primarily delivered by three anchormen on three networks, ABC, CBS, and NBC. They are on the air for 30 minutes a night. That was your big dose of news. Ted Turner said, "I think people will watch for longer. In fact, I think they will watch for 24 hours." That was a revolutionary thought. You know, sometime after we started, I could see we were going to be a big winner.
采访对象: 那些日子里,人们嘲笑它,讥笑它。CBS 想买下你。
Original English
Interviewee: Those days when people were making fun of it, kidding it. CBS wanted to buy you
采访对象: 我一生中,当我说……人们都嘲笑我。
Original English
Interviewee: all my life. People kided about me when I said
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 他得到了证明。CNN 吸引了海量观众。CNN 很快就无处不在。在每个体育酒吧、每个公司办公室、每个机场、酒店,最终遍及世界各地的家庭。认为人们对新闻和信息有永不满足的 24 小时需求,这成为自此以来媒体发展的基石,一直到社交媒体的建立,流媒体的建立,以及我们今天拥有的所有这些播客。这种需求永无止境。正是特德·特纳实现了这一认识。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: and he was vindicated. He drew huge audiences. CNN was everywhere in very short order. in every sports bar, in every corporate office, in every airport, in hotels and finally homes around the world. The idea that there's a bottomless 24-hour appetite for news and information is foundational to the entire development of media ever since to the establishment of social media, to the establishment of streaming, to the establishment of all these many podcasts that we have today. There's no end to the appetite. And it's Ted Turner who makes that realization.
环境保护:去坝工程
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 最后,美国一直在进行一项大规模的“去坝”运动。根据非营利组织“美国河流”的数据,去年,得益于拆除水坝,该国水道重新连接的里程数创下历史新高。这包括拆除了 30 个州的 100 多个水坝,重新连接了近 5000 英里的水道。全国各地散布着成千上万座水坝,这些水坝曾因各种目的而建造,既有实际用途,如发电或灌溉农田,也有娱乐用途,如钓鱼或游泳。但许多水坝日益过时,对人和环境构成威胁。一位水坝专家告诉《纽约时报》,在许多地方,跨党派都支持解决这个问题。水坝被移除后,由此产生的自由流淌的水道会更健康、更凉爽,并为鱼类提供重要的栖息地。支持拆除更多水坝的人士表示,最好是有计划地进行,特别是随着水坝越来越老。一位受访者告诉《纽约时报》,引述他的话:“随着极端天气越来越多,这些结构越来越多地随时间失效。如果我们不拆除它们,大自然最终会替我们完成。”
Original English
Tracy Mumford: And finally, America has been undergoing a great undamming. According to the nonprofit group American Rivers, last year more miles of the country's waterways were reconnected thanks to dam removals than at any other time in history. That involved removing more than a hundred dams in 30 states and reconnecting almost 5,000 miles of waterways. The country is scattered with tens of thousands of dams that have been built for all kinds of purposes, both practical to generate power or irrigate farms and recreational for fishing or swimming. But many are increasingly obsolete, making them a liability for people and the environment. One dam expert told the Times that in many places there's been bipartisan support for tackling the issue. When dams are removed, the resulting free flowing waterways are healthier, cooler, and serve as a vital habitat for fish. Advocates for removing more dams say it's best to do it intentionally with a plan, especially as dams get older and older. One told the Times, quote, "With more extreme weather, more and more of these structures are failing over time. If we don't remove them, mother nature is going to do it for us."
特蕾西·姆姆福德: 以上是今天的头条新闻,在《每日》节目中,我们将探讨“好时精神”是如何改变航空旅行的,以及航空公司最终如何崩溃。你可以在《纽约时报》应用程序或任何你获取播客的平台收听。我是特蕾西·姆姆福德。明天我们将回来,带来最新的新闻和周五的新闻测验。
Original English
Tracy Mumford: Those are the headlines today on the daily. How spirit changed air travel and how the airline ultimately unraveled. You can listen to that in the New York Times app or wherever you get your podcasts. I'm Tracy Mumford. We'll be back tomorrow with the latest and the Friday news quiz.