特朗普“报复行动”遭遇重大挫折
以下是《纽约时报》今日头条新闻的精选内容,涵盖了美国政治、国际关系、社会趋势及文化动态。
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From the New York Times, it's the headlines. Today's Tuesday, November 25th. Here's what we're covering.
前联邦调查局(FBI:美国联邦调查局)局长詹姆斯·科米(James Comey)表示,他很感激法院撤销了针对他的案件,称这是一场基于恶意和无能的起诉。
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I'm grateful that the court ended the case against me, which was a prosecution based on malevolence and incompetence.
周一,一名联邦法官驳回了针对前FBI局长詹姆斯·科米和纽约州总检察长莱蒂西亚·詹姆斯(Leticia James)的刑事指控。
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On Monday, a federal judge threw out the criminal charges against James Comey, the former director of the FBI, and Leticia James, the attorney general of New York.
科米强调,此案对他个人固然重要,但更重要的是,它传递了一个信息:美国总统不能利用司法部(Department of Justice:美国司法部)来打击政治对手。
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This case mattered to me personally, obviously, but it matters most because a message has to be sent that the president of the United States cannot use the Department of Justice to target his political enemies.
这些裁决是特朗普总统试图惩罚其眼中政治对手的努力所遭遇的最重大挫折。科米和詹姆斯多年来一直与特朗普存在冲突。在特朗普称他们“罪孽深重”之后,科米被指控向国会撒谎,詹姆斯则被指控犯有银行欺诈罪。
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The rulings were the most significant setback yet to President Trump's efforts to punish his perceived political enemies. Both Comey and James have clashed with Trump for years. Comey was charged with lying to Congress and James was charged with bank fraud after Trump called them both guilty as hell.
昨天他们案件的驳回,取决于他们被起诉方式的技术细节。
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The dismissal of their cases yesterday hinged on the technical details of how they were charged.
去年九月,在其他检察官拒绝提起诉讼后,特朗普让他的司法部长任命他的前私人律师林赛·哈利根(Lindseay Halligan)为临时美国联邦检察官(US attorney:美国联邦检察官)来监督这些案件。
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Back in September, Trump had his attorney general install Lindseay Halligan, his former personal lawyer, as an interim US attorney to oversee the cases after other prosecutors declined to press charges.
然而,美国联邦检察官必须经过参议院确认。虽然有一种选择可以在没有参议院确认的情况下临时任职120天,但哈利根的前任(也是一名临时美国联邦检察官)已经用完了这个时间。
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But US attorneys must be confirmed by the Senate. There's an option to put someone in place without that on a temporary basis for 120 days. But Halligan's predecessor, also an interim US attorney, had already run out that clock.
法官表示,由于哈利根的任命是非法的,她提出的起诉书无效。
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The judge said that because Halligan's appointment was unlawful, the indictments she brought were invalid.
在今天的《每日》(The Daily)节目中,我的同事德夫林·巴雷特(Devlin Barrett)解释了为什么法官认为哈利根的任命对整个刑事司法系统构成了威胁。
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On today's episode of The Daily, my colleague Devlin Barrett explains why the judge felt Hallagan's appointment posed a threat to the entire criminal justice system.
法官表示:“这意味着政府可以将任何普通公民从街上带到大陪审团房间,以获取起诉书,只要司法部长事后批准即可。这不能成为法律。”
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What the judge said was this. It would mean the government could send any private citizen off the street into the grand jury room to secure an indictment so long as the attorney general gives her approval after the fact. That cannot be the law. the judge wrote.
她指的是,如果允许这种制度持续到其必然的结论,那么将不再有任何经参议院确认的美国联邦检察官。
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And what she means by that is if you were to allow this system to continue to the obvious conclusion, you really wouldn't have any more Senate confirmed US attorneys.
总统可以随时挑选他们想要的任何人,并不断这样做。
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It would just be the president picks whoever they want whenever they want and they they just keep doing that.
白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特(Caroline Levit)在裁决后不久表示,司法部将提起上诉,这可能使案件进入最高法院审理。
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Shortly after the rulings, White House press secretary Caroline Levit said that the Justice Department would appeal, potentially putting the cases on track for a hearing at the Supreme Court.
与此同时,科米的律师预计将辩称,由于他是在案件的诉讼时效(statute of limitations:指法律规定对某种行为提起诉讼的有效期限)即将到期前几天才被起诉的,因此针对他的指控无法再次提出。
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At the same time, lawyers for Comey are expected to argue that the charges against him can't ever be refiled since he was indicted just days before the statute of limitations in his case was set to run out.
特朗普政府的其他动态:中美关系与医保补贴
关于特朗普政府,还有另外两项最新进展。
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Now, two other updates on the Trump administration.
昨天,中国领导人习近平罕见地致电特朗普总统,两人进行了大约一小时的通话。
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In an unusual move, China's leader Xiinping called President Trump yesterday and the two talked for about an hour.
白宫表示,通话主要集中在“我们正在与中国进行的贸易协议以及这些关系如何朝着积极方向发展”上。
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The focus was mainly on the trade deal that we are working on with China and those relations and how they are moving in a positive direction.
白宫称他们讨论了贸易、乌克兰战争以及特朗普将于四月访问北京的计划。
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The White House said they talked trade about the war in Ukraine and how Trump will visit Beijing in April.
然而,中国方面对特朗普和习近平通话的总结中,有一个白宫未提及的细节:习近平主席提到了台湾问题。
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Though the Chinese summary of Trump and she's call had a detail the White House didn't mention. It said that President Xi brought up the subject of Taiwan.
中国声称对这个自治岛屿拥有主权。
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China claims ownership of the self-governing island.
然而,最近几周,日本表示如果中国试图武力夺取台湾,日本将采取军事回应。
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In recent weeks, however, Japan has said that it would respond with military force if China tried to seize it.
当乔·拜登(Joe Biden)总统在任时,他也曾誓言美国军方将保卫台湾免受中国入侵。
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When President Biden was in office, he also vowed that the US military would defend Taiwan against a Chinese invasion.
但特朗普尚未表明他将如何做,而习近平的电话显然是为了促使他更接近北京的立场。
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Trump, however, has not said what he would do, and she's call was an apparent effort to move him closer to Beijing's perspective.
此外,《纽约时报》获悉,特朗普总统正在考虑推动延长奥巴马医改(Obamacare:《平价医疗法案》,美国前总统奥巴马签署的医疗改革法案)补贴,这正是民主党在导致政府停摆的僵局中一直坚持的要求。
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Also, the Times has learned that President Trump is considering pushing for an extension of Obamacare subsidies, the same thing the Democrats were insisting on in the standoff that shut down the government.
这些补贴将于今年年底到期,届时许多美国人的医疗保险费可能会翻倍甚至更多。
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The subsidies are going to expire at the end of this year, at which point a lot of Americans could see their health insurance premiums double or more.
许多共和党人,包括总统在内,都感受到了压力。
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And many Republicans, including the president, are feeling the pressure.
正如一位共和党策略师告诉《纽约时报》的那样:“他们掌权。因此,如果这些账单飙升,选民就会指望他们来解决问题。”
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As one Republican strategist told the Times, "They're in charge." And so if those bills skyrocket, that's who voters are going to look to to fix it.
一位不愿透露姓名的白宫高级官员表示,总统尚未做出最终决定。
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According to a senior White House official who spoke on the condition of anonymity, the president has not made a final decision.
社交媒体使用与心理健康:一项新研究
昨天公布的一项新研究证实了许多人怀疑、好奇或可能已经亲身体验过的事情:减少社交媒体的使用可以带来心理健康益处。
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A new study out yesterday found something that a lot of people have suspected, wondered about, or maybe discovered on their own. Dialing back social media use can lead to mental health benefits.
这项研究跟踪了大约300名18至24岁的年轻人,他们自愿进行了一周的应用程序“排毒”。
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The research followed about 300 young people aged 18 to 24 who volunteered to detox from the apps for a week.
他们并没有完全戒断,而是被告知尽可能少使用社交媒体。
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They didn't go cold turkey. They were told to stay off social media as much as possible.
实际操作中,这意味着他们每天只花半小时在社交媒体上。
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And in practice, that looked like spending just half an hour a day on it.
总体而言,他们报告了积极的变化:焦虑和失眠症状均下降了约15%,抑郁症状下降了近25%。
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Overall, they reported positive changes. Symptoms of anxiety and insomnia both dropped by about 15% and symptoms of depression dropped almost 25%.
一个有趣的发现是,屏幕时间减少可能并非主要驱动因素。
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One interesting thing, less screen time likely wasn't the factor driving that.
平均而言,参与者在“排毒”周期间实际上花在手机上的时间更多。
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On average, the participants actually spent more time on their phones during the detox week.
但益处可能来自于避免了诸如将自己与他人发布的内容进行比较等行为。
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But the benefit may have come from avoiding behaviors like comparing yourself to what other people post.
这项发表在《美国医学会杂志·开放网络》(JAMA Network Open:一份同行评审的开放获取医学期刊)上的研究存在许多注意事项。
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With the study, which was published in the journal Jamama Network Open, there's a lot of caveats.
再次强调,它只持续了一周,并且没有对照组进行比较。
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Again, it was only a week long and there's no control group to compare it to.
研究人员强调,社交媒体“排毒”不应是任何人心理健康护理的首选或唯一形式。
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And the researchers emphasized that a social media detox shouldn't be anyone's first or only form of mental health care.
但该研究的一位作者告诉《纽约时报》,对于那些感觉自己在挣扎的人来说,“尝试减少社交媒体是否能让你感觉更好,这很可能值得一试。”
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But one of the study's authors told the Times that for people who feel they're struggling, quote, "It's likely worth experimenting to see whether reducing social media helps you feel better."
百老汇音乐剧的困境
克里斯汀·切诺维斯(Kristen Chenoweth)与《魔法坏女巫》(Wicked)的作曲家史蒂文·施瓦茨(Steven Schwarz)在一场奢华的新音乐剧中重聚。
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Kristen Chennowick reunites with the composer of Wicked, Steven Schwarz, in a lavish new musical.
今年秋天在百老汇,一部名为《凡尔赛女王》(The Queen of Versailles)的精心制作的新剧引起了轰动,它改编自一对佛罗里达夫妇试图建造一座现代宫殿的真实故事。
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On Broadway this fall, there was buzz about an elaborate new production, The Queen of Versailles, based off the true story of a Florida couple who tried to build a modern-day palace.
这部音乐剧拥有明星阵容,那些在壁炉架上摆满了托尼奖的人,而且制作成本高达数百万美元。
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The musical had marquee names, the kind of people with Tony awards lined up on their mantels, and it cost millions of dollars to make.
然而,昨天,在开演仅约两周后,制作人宣布该剧将提前停演,远在收回成本之前。
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But yesterday, only about 2 weeks after it opened, the producers announced that the show will be shutting down early, long before that money is recouped.
这只是百老汇音乐剧陷入困境的最新例证。
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It's just the latest example of how musical theater on Broadway is in dire straits.
像比利·波特(Billy Porter)主演的《歌厅》(Cabaret)这样备受瞩目的复排剧已经反响平平。
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High-profile revival like Cabaret with Billy Porter have fizzled out.
而像《贝蒂娃娃》(Boop)这样以贝蒂娃娃为主题的歌舞新剧,也在落幕前亏损。
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And new shows like Boop, a song and dance take on Betty Boop, have also gone in the red before closing their curtains.
整体情况黯淡。
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The bleak overall picture.
截至今年秋季早些时候,上一季开演的18部商业音乐剧无一盈利。
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As of earlier this fall, none of the 18 commercial musicals that had opened last season had made a profit.
制作人指出,有许多因素导致了音乐剧的“崩溃”,包括劳动力和布景建设成本飙升,以及许多人只想看少数几部已经上演多年的老牌热门剧,比如《魔法坏女巫》、《汉密尔顿》(Hamilton)和《狮子王》(The Lion King)。
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Producers point to a number of factors they say are driving the musical meltdown. There are skyrocketing costs for labor and set construction and the fact that a lot of people really just want to see a handful of old favorites that have been running for years like Wicked, Hamilton, and The Lion King.
这使得百老汇高管们对新剧的前景感到担忧,他们认为新剧对于维持音乐剧的生命力至关重要。
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That has left Broadway executives worried about the prospects for new shows, which they say are crucial to keeping musical theater alive.
《歌剧魅影》(Phantom of the Opera)和《猫》(Cats)等剧的传奇作曲家安德鲁·劳埃德·韦伯(Andrew Lloyd Weber)告诉《纽约时报》:“我非常担心。我审视其经济状况,根本看不到它如何能持续下去。”
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Andrew Lloyd Weber, the legendary composer behind Phantom of the Opera and Cats, told the Times, "I am very worried. I look at the economics of this and I just don't see how it can sustain.
值得注意的是,尽管音乐剧举步维艰,但开发和上演成本低得多的戏剧却成为了一个亮点,尤其是在有明星演员加盟的情况下。
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Notably, even though musicals are struggling, plays which are far cheaper to develop and put on have become a bright spot, especially with celebrity casting.
上一季,由乔治·克鲁尼(George Clooney)主演的《晚安,好运》(Good Night and Good Luck)以及由丹泽尔·华盛顿(Denzel Washington)和杰克·吉伦哈尔(Jake Gyllenhaal)主演的《奥赛罗》(Othello)都打破了百老汇的票房纪录。
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Last season, both Good Night and Good Luck starring George Clooney and Aello, starring Denzel Washington and Jake Gyllenhaal, broke Broadway box office records.
人工智能助力假日购物
最后,你可能知道那些温馨的节日传统:热可可、雪花装饰,以及蜷缩着让AI(Artificial Intelligence: 人工智能)为你写愿望清单。
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And finally, you know those cozy holiday traditions, hot cocoa, snowflake decorations, and curling up to let AI write your wish list.
我们已经身处这样的时代了。
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We are there, people.
这个假日购物季,人工智能正越来越多地融入购物体验。
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This holiday season, artificial intelligence is increasingly part of the shopping experience.
根据最近的一项调查,42%的购物者正在使用AI工具。
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According to a recent survey, 42% of shoppers are using AI tools.
有些人用它来为自己或清单上的人想出礼物创意。
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Some are using it to come up with gift ideas for themselves or the people on their lists.
其他购物者则使用许多零售商(如塔吉特(Target)和沃尔玛(Walmart))推出的聊天机器人来帮助他们做出决定。
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Other shoppers are using chat bots that a lot of retailers like Target and Walmart have rolled out to help them make their decisions.
这些工具可以帮助筛选所有匹配的睡衣选项,或者总结空气炸锅的评论。
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The tools can help sort through all the matching pajama options or summarize the reviews for an air fryer.
最近,ChatGPT(Generative Pre-trained Transformer: 一种大型语言模型)推出了一个购买按钮,用户无需离开聊天界面即可购买它推荐的一些产品。
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Recently, Chat GPT rolled out a buy button so users can purchase some of the products that it recommends without ever leaving the chat.
OpenAI公司从每笔销售中抽取一部分佣金,但拒绝透露具体金额。
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Open AAI takes a cut of each sale, but declined to say how much.
一位告诉《纽约时报》他计划使用AI来处理节日购物清单的购物者表示,这还附带一个额外的好处:如果他的家人不喜欢礼物,“我会把责任推给ChatGPT。”
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One shopper who told the Times he's planning to use AI to tackle his holiday lists said it comes with a built-in bonus. If his family doesn't like their gifts, quote, "I'll blame it on ChachiPT."
以上是今日头条新闻。
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Those are the headlines.
📌 文中提及的人物和组织
人物: James Comey, Leticia James, Lindseay Halligan, Xi Jinping, Donald Trump, Joe Biden, George Clooney
公司/组织: FBI, Department of Justice, White House, Target, Walmart, OpenAI
媒体/书籍: The New York Times, The Daily, JAMA Network Open, The Queen of Versailles, Cabaret, Boop, Wicked, Hamilton, The Lion King, Phantom of the Opera, Cats, Good Night and Good Luck, Othello